6^th International Conference and Exhibition on Materials Science and Chemistry May 17-18, 2018 Rome, Italy

Biography:

Kyriakos Porfyrakis is an Associate Professor of Materials, an EPSRC Fellow and the Head of the Laboratory for Carbon Nanomaterials at the Department of Materials, University of Oxford. He has attracted over £2.5 M in funding as a Principal Investigator in the fields of Endohedral Fullerenes and Organic Electronics. He has over 100 publications (h-index: 27, i10-index: 52) that has attracted over 2370 citations. He has presented over 40 invited lectures and seminars, including 3 keynote lectures. In 2005, he won the Alan Glanvill Award of IOM3. In 2016, he was admitted as a Fellow at the Royal Society of Chemistry for his contributions to Chemical Sciences. He is the Academic Founder and Director of Designer Carbon Materials Ltd., a spinout company of the University of Oxford, aiming to commercialize endohedral fullerenes and their derivatives.

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Abstract:

Paramagnetic endohedral fullerenes hold promise for a number of applications including quantum information processing and quantum sensing. In the case of endohedral nitrogen fullerenes such as N@C₆₀ and N@C₇₀, the nitrogen atom is almost completely isolated from the fullerene cage. This results in very long electron spin phase coherence times. The chemistry of endohedral nitrogen fullerenes has developed to a degree where it can be used to create functionalized systems with high aspect ratios that are prone to high alignment. This talk will deal with our recent results for several N@C₆₀ and N@C₇₀ derivatives aligned in liquid crystals. Within the liquid crystal matrix, we have achieved an order parameter factor Ozz of 0.61. This is a significant improvement on the best result that has been previously reported for endohedral fullerene derivatives. More importantly, this allows us to manipulate the intrinsic zero-field splitting (ZFS) of the spin resonance signal. By in situ rotating frozen endohedral fullerenes inside the magnetic field of the ESR spectrometer, we deliberately changed the orientation distribution of the molecules and tuned the splitting energy of ZFS. We achieved remarkable agreement between experimental values and simulation data. This work can be expanded to control of dipolar coupling for a two-qubit gate. Also, the water functionalization of N@C₆₀ will be discussed. We have developed the first water-soluble derivative of N@C₆₀ through the covalent attachment of a single addend, containing two permethylated β-cyclodextrin units to the surface of the carbon cage. The linewidth of the derivative's EPR signal is highly sensitive to both the nature of the solvent and the presence of Cu(II) ions in solution. Thus, we have shown that it has the potential to be used as a quantum sensor for other spin-active species.

Biography:

Fargin Evelyne has strong experience in nonlinear optical properties of glasses and particularly third and second order nonlinear susceptibility. She implanted in Bordeaux the surface glass processing by poling which is now developed with co-workers for composition, mechanical properties and optical structuring of the glass surface. She recently developed new heavy glass oxides for fiber applications thanks to strong collaborations inside an international laboratory LUMAQ (U. Bordeaux, COPL Laval, INRS Québec). She also was involved in the study and optimization of laser-induced defects in glasses and luminescence properties of flaws for the Megajoule Laser Facility in Bordeaux.

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Abstract:

Surface engineering of soda-lime silicate glass has been performed by thermal poling and the correlation between the modification of the glass composition, the local structure and the mechanical properties of the field-induced modified surface has been investigated. Glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GD-OES) demonstrates the multi-layered structuring of the glass surface, due to the migration of mobile cations species. The nature of the atmosphere during poling directly impacts on the charge compensation mechanisms, the multi-layer shape and composition. This work demonstrates the presence of a pure layer of silica beneath the surface of the poled glass under N₂ which strongly increases the mechanical properties of soda-lime glass, especially hardness. The thermal poling treatment is then used to enhance a densification of the poled region and a compressive stress at the silica nanometric layer surface.

Berkovitch nano-indentation results on unpoled reference versus poled soda-lime glass under N₂

Biography:

John O Roberts has been an Open University Science Tutor for 30 years having attended Rutherford Appleton Lab and CERN as a summer school student. He has been a Freelance Tutor of Maths, Physics and Chemistry for many years and wrote the book “Those Infinities and the Periodic Table” over a period of 5 years from an idea in December 2010.

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Abstract:

The patterns of stable quantum states in the periodic table are inverted and extended to infinity in both directions to accommodate spatial variation relative to the nucleus. The upper end leads to a cut off point for white matter. The lower end represents quantum states in plasma. At 10^-15 m to 10^-20 m the interaction between weak, strong and gravity forces results in suitable boundary conditions for the production of elementary particles. Chemical classification of the elements requires convergence of chemical properties and quantum states. By defining group number as the maximum number of electrons in any one shell, hydrogen and helium are moved to the first set of 2(1)² states first proposed by Janet. The atomic numbers are adjusted and mass number removed as it is an average of isotopes of each element produced in every supernova. This produces the Roberts Janet nuclear periodic table which proposes two zero states, a cut off and start point, of the electric field in attractive then repulsive modes. By symmetry of these fields energy states emerge in plasma with the counter intuitive property that the nearer the nucleus the greater the number of energy states. Fusion results and the consequential recycling implies a more rapid collapse than supernovae given sufficient energy density that could create an as yet unobserved interaction at 10^-50 m to 10^-65 m between the strong and gravity forces. String theory and extra dimensions may be required to explain such mechanisms and multiverses.

Biography:

Jin An Wang is a full Professor in Chemical Engineering at the National Polytechnic Institute in Mexico City, Mexico. He is a National Researcher of Mexico and a Member of the Mexican Academy of Sciences. He is the Co-Author of more than 160 scientific publications, five patents, Co-Editor of three books in “Advanced Catalytic Materials” and three special volumes in Catalysis Today. He served as Chair of the first to fifth International Symposium on New Catalytic Materials. He was a Visiting Professor at Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana and Worcester Polytechnic Institute in USA. His research interest focuses on the synthesis of new catalytic materials, catalysis for petroleum refining and treatment, catalysis for clean fuel production and environmental catalysis.

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Abstract:

There are many structural defects or lattice vacancies in the surface of solid materials. From the surface sciences and catalysis points of view, these cationic or anionic defects are active centers for reactant adsorption and surface reactions. Investigation on structural defects and their correlation with reaction activity may provide new insight into the understanding of catalytic behaviors. In this work, a set of MoO₃/SBA-15 mesoporous hybrid catalysts were characterized with a variety of spectroscopic techniques and their crystalline structures were refined with Rietveld method. Oxygen defect concentration_, crystallite size, phase composition, surface acidity, mesoporous regularity and textural properties were reported. Both α‒MoO₃ and β‒MoO₃ phases coexisted but α‒MoO₃ was predominated. Oxygen defects were created in the orthorhombic structure and its concentration decreased as MoO₃ content increased. All the MoO₃/SBA-15 catalysts chiefly contained a big number of Lewis acid sites originating from oxygen defects in MoO₃ crystals. In the absence of formic acid, the oxidation of 4,6-dibenzothiophene in a model diesel was almost proportional to the number of Lewis acid sites of the catalysts. In the presence of formic acid, 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6‒DMDBT) oxidation was significantly affected by the formation of surface peroxometallic complex and Lewis acidity. Formic acid addition could improve the oxidative desulfurization (ODS) efficiency by promoting peroxometallic complex formation and enhancing oxidant stability. Under the optimal reaction condition using the best 15 and 20 wt% MoO₃/SBA-15 catalysts, more than 99% 4,6‒DMDBT could be removed at 70°C within 30 min. This work confirmed that 4,6‒DMDBT oxidation is a texture and particle size sensitive and Lewis acidity dependent reaction. This work also shows that crystalline structure refinement combination with experiments can gain new insights in the design of heterogeneous nanocatalysts and help to better understand the catalytic behavior in the oxidative desulfurization reactions.

A Rietveld refinement plot for the 20 wt% MoO₃/SBA-15 catalyst

Biography:

Xiaoying Li received her PhD degree in Surface Engineering in 1999 and became a Senior Researcher in 2017 at the Surface Engineering Group, University of Birmingham, UK. As a Research Manager of the group, she has successfully completed a dozen of high quality research projects and published about 90 peer reviewed papers. She has delivered a dozen of invited talks to national and international conferences. Her research work has been focused on development of advanced surface engineering technologies, including novel ceramic conversion treatments of light alloys, low-temperature plasma surface alloying of stainless steels and recently surface modification of carbon fibres; microstructural characterisation of surface engineered materials, in particular the nature of metastable S-phase using cross-sectional TEM (XTEM) and more recently nano-surface fabrication and characterisation of nano composite materials using nanoindentation FIB/SEM and XTEM.

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Abstract:

The non-aerospace use of titanium alloys (such as in the motor sports industry) has become increasingly popular over the last 20 years due to their light weight, high ductility and high strength in conjunction with excellent corrosion resistance and outstanding biocompatibility. Titanium alloys are normally classified by their structure into the groups of alpha, alpha-beta and beta alloys. Advantages of beta alloys include excellent workability, good hardening properties, high corrosion resistance and excellent fatigue/crack propagation behavior. However, titanium and its alloys are characterized by inferior tribological properties including a high and unstable coefficient of friction and a strong scuffing tendency. Many surface engineering methods have been researched to combat the poor tribological properties of titanium and its alloys. Research carried out by Dong and Bell on the titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V demonstrated the effectiveness of the thermal oxidation (TO) treatment in enhancing the wear resistance of the alpha/beta alloy. However, this process cannot be directly applied to the TIMET low cost beta (LCB) alloy since it is a metastable beta alloy. The long-time TO treatment at high-temperature will cause undue growth of the beta grains and excessive precipitation and growth of the alpha phase, thus leading to the degradation of the core mechanical properties of the beta-alloy. Therefore, the aim of this research was to enhance the tribological properties of TIMETAL LCB alloy without evoking a loss of core mechanical properties through developing new surface engineering processes based on integration of bulk heat treatment with surface ceramic conversion. The new integrated processes effectively harden the LCB without compromising the mechanical properties of the beta alloy. A dense adherent titanium oxide was formed on the oxygen hardened sublayer. The surface hardness was increased from 400 to 1100 HV and the sliding wear resistance was increased by more than 10 times following the optimal integrated treatment.

Biography:

Akira Yamaguchi received his Doctor of Engineering degree at the University of Tokyo in 2015 for the work on functionalization of metal-oxide and sulfide minerals toward efficient multi-electron transfer catalysis with abundant elements under the direction of Prof. Kazuhito Hashimoto. After his Postdoctoral research in Dr. Ryuhei Nakamura’s laboratory of RIKEN from April 2015 to March 2016, he joined Tokyo Institute of Technology as an Assistant Professor. His particular field is Electrochemistry and his research interest includes the development of catalysts and the primordial carbon fixation on the Earth. Recently, he developed MnO_x-based water oxidation catalysts inspired by the natural photosynthesis. Now he is aiming at the solar to chemical energy conversion system, called artificial photosynthesis, and his experience in developing water oxidation catalysts will contribute to this research fields.

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Abstract:

To overcome energy and environmental issues we are facing, fuel production from water and/or CO₂ is highly demanding. Making fuels through both H⁺ and CO₂ requires electrons, and the most abundant electron source in the world is water, like natural photosynthesis achieved by oxygen evolution reaction (OER: 2H₂O → O₂ + 4H⁺ + 4e^-). Inspired by the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) center in natural photosynthesis, which is composed of CaMn₄O₅ cluster, numerous numbers of manganese oxide-based catalysts have been developed. However, their activity largely decreased under neutral pH. This work introduces the design strategy to enhance the OER activity of MnO₂ electrocatalysts under neutral pH in terms of the redox chemistry of active Mn species. The key chemical species is Mn³⁺, which works as the intermediate of OER on MnO₂ but unstable under neutral pH. To stabilize Mn³⁺, induction of concerted proton-electron transfer (CPET) and regulation of facet orientation were attempted. Regarding the CPET induction, introduction of pyridine into the electrolyte, which works as a CPET inducer, altered the reaction path and resulted in the activity enhancement. As to the facet orientation regulation, (101)-oriented MnO₂ was synthesized based on the article which reports that Mn³⁺ is stabilized on (101) facet of rutile MnO₂. The electrochemical OER examination revealed that (101)-oriented sample exhibited higher activity than (110)-oriented ones. The results indicate that those two approaches are efficient strategy to enhance the electrochemical OER activity of MnO₂ under neutral pH. Further studies concerning the corporative effect of CPET and facet orientation have been under investigation.

Biography:

Nana Gorgaslidze completed her PhD from Saint-Petersburg State Chemical-Pharmaceutical Academy, Russia. She is the Director of the Iovel Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU) and Professor at the Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy at TSMU. She has published more than 94 papers in reputed journals, authored four books and has two patents. She is a Member of organizing committee of several international conferences and meetings. She has more 40 years of teaching experience at the Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia. She is the Founder of the Georgian Pharmaceutical Association (President: 2002–2005) and newspaper, Pharmacy. She is a Member of Scientist and Young Pharmacists of Georgia. She has long timework experience at the Ministry of Health, Labor and Social Affairs of Georgia in state control of quality medicinal and pharmaceutical products and other departments of the same minisity.

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Abstract:

Gel of bromelain has anti-inflammatory properties and hence is used for treatment of edema and inflammations. This was developed at TSMU Iovel Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry. On previous researches we published the data of some properties of papain and bromelain containing gels. The presented work belongs to the development and validation of accurate and sensitive assay method for quantitative determination of bromelain in gel based on UV-spectrophotometric analysis. Elastasin was used as substrates for their analysis. Absorbance was recorded at 595 nm. The developed method is linear, precise and sensitive; Intra- and inter-day measurements. All methods were validated as per ICH guidelines and can be adopted for the routine analysis of bromelain in gel formulations.

Biography:

Seda Cetintas graduated in 2011 from Department of Chemistry at Faculty of Science and Arts in Anadolu University. She received MD in 2014 and then started PhD in Chemistry from Kocaeli University. Her primary specialization was applications on recovery of metal values from ores and removal of impurities. Her secondary specialization was applications on statistical design of experiments. She is interested in applying these topics to several content areas in analytical chemistry, including separation, purification and enrichment. During PhD, she works in a research project on nickel recovery from lateritic ore.

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Abstract:

In this study, a new application of nickel improvement is proposed involving mechanochemical conversion with a reagent (R-MC) followed by an acid leaching (AL) process. It was developed based on the synergistic effects of high-energy milling and different chemical reagents which have a positive effect on extractive metallurgical leaching processes. The combination of R-MC as a pretreatment of AL aimed to overcome the disadvantages of traditional metallurgical processes used for nickel recovery, such as high temperature, high acid concentration, high cost and material requirements. For the statistical design of experiments combined with regression techniques, response surface methodology (RSM) involving central composite design (CCD) was applied to optimize the key factors that affect processes conditions in both R-MC and AL for high-efficiency nickel recovery. The optimum processes conditions of both R-MC and AL were determined for high-efficiency nickel recovery process by designing the experiment and performing a statistical analysis on the experimental data. The large determination coefficients (R²>95%) for each process indicated that CCD is a suitable design for both mechanochemical process with reagent and acid leaching. The FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses results support each other in that the application of mechanochemical processes has positive effects on valuable metal recovery in extractive metallurgy. In addition, the experimental data obtained from leaching experiments was evaluated according to shrinking core model equations to determine the advantages of mechanochemical processes on leaching kinetics. The leaching control step was identified as both chemically and diffusion-controlled by the shrinking core kinetic model. Thus, this study provided a new and more economical method in which mechanochemical pretreatments with reagents were combined with acid leaching. The positive effect of mechanochemical processes on leaching with reagents was defined by their high nickel efficiency (Ni(%)>95%) at lower acid concentrations (0.5 M

Biography:

A Jedrzak has received his MSc degree in Organic Chemistry in 2016 at Poznan University of Technology. Since 2016 he is a PhD student of Chemical Technology at Poznan University of Technology and also a Member of NanoBioMedical Centre in Poznan. His research interests are biosensors, enzymatic and catalytic systems and synthesis of hybrid/composite materials for nanomedicine.

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Abstract:

The development of technology has contributed to the intensification of research into the creation of more advanced materials. Such demands can be fulfilled by various inorganic-organic hybrid materials that were previously widely used in many fields in science also for enzyme immobilization or biosensors constructions. Rapid development of biosensor systems started after the first biosensor containing glucose oxidase was developed by Clark and Lyons in 1962. To this day, many scientists are working on new methods of creation to better detection, as evidenced by amounts of published papers. Novel innovative materials for glucose biosensor have gained enormous attention due to the need for a cheap and effective blood glucose monitoring. Monitoring of glucose level is important aspect in various media, like blood, fluids or juices. Despite the presence in the market of biochemical specialists for the qualitative and quantitative detection of glucose, the commercial available glucose monitoring device have become a crucial part of diabetes care or monosaccharide but has some limitations in accuracy and errors that can be limited due to manufacturing variances, storage, aging etc. Great efforts have been focused on the preparation of magnetite/lignin/polydopamine (Fe₃O₄/Lig/PDA) hybrid material combined with glucose oxidase for amperometric glucose biosensors. In this work a synthesis and physicochemical characterization of a novel magnetite/lignin/polydopamine (Fe₃O₄/Lig/PDA) material is presented as a novel and effective platform for enzyme immobilization and biosensing application. The platform has interesting features like improved thermal and mechanical stability, excellent adhesion for inorganic and organic materials, transferability of electrons and photo thermal properties. Greater material stability and durability and the extension of its attractiveness, compared to the current commercial products can be used in determining the level of glucose in different media like body fluids, juices, fruits.

Scheme presents construction of biosensor using a carbon paste electrode (CPE)

Biography:

Takeo Tomiyama received his MS degree in Chemistry from Gakushuin University, Japan. He has been working at Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. His current research interests include the development and characterization of optical materials for information display applications.

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Abstract:

Silver nanowire (AgNW) networks are one of the promising candidates as a next-generation transparent electrode material, given their high optical transparency and low electrical resistivity. AgNW networks based transparent conductive film can be fabricated by cost effective wet coating methods and exhibits better flexibility than the widely used indium tin oxide. The optical and electrical properties of AgNW networks have been extensively investigated in the past decade, both experimentally and theoretically. Previous researchers have discussed some aspects of optical properties such as transparency and haze, but have not presented a comprehensive study concerning optical constants (refractive index n and extinction coefficient k) of the AgNWs network. We have developed an AgNW/photosensitive polymer composite film that allows conductive patterning on a range of base materials. The composite films fabricated by roll-to-roll die coating exhibited optical and electrical anisotropy depending on the coating conditions. These problems motivated us to study the relation between the optical anisotropy, the electrical anisotropy and the orientation of AgNWs in the polymer matrix. To clarify the relation between the optical anisotropy, the electrical anisotropy and the orientation of AgNWs, the orthogonal optical constants of the composite films were determined by Mueller matrix spectroscopic ellipsometry. The orthogonal optical constants revealed the plasmonic natures of AgNW ensembles, and their anisotropy is correlated to the morphology of the composite film, where the long axis of AgNW is preferably oriented in the lengthwise film direction. We have demonstrated that the ellipsometric data analysis used in this study is effective to gain insight into the anisotropic optical properties of metal nanowires networks.

Biography:

Alain Tressaud is Emeritus Research Director at ICMCB-CNRS, Bordeaux University. He is the President of the European Academy of Sciences (Brussels) and member of several European Academies. He founded and chaired until 2008 the French CNRS Network on Fluorine Chemistry. Among the awards he received, the Atomic Centre Agency (CEA) Award of French Academy of Sciences (2008), ACS Fluorine Award (2011) and Moissan Prize (2013) can be quoted. His scientific interest covers synthetic fluorine chemistry, physical-chemical characterizations, applications in materials sciences, solid state chemistry. His works also deal with surface modification of materials and intercalation chemistry. His scientific production includes more than 360 papers in international journals, 20 chapters’ contributions in books and 12 internationalized patents. In addition, he edited 10 books, including the Editor-in-Chief responsibility of the book series “Advances in Fluorine Science” Elsevier (2006), “Progress in Fluorine Science”, Elsevier (2015), ”Progress in Science, Progress in Society”, Springer-Nature, (2017).

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Abstract:

Inorganic fluorine based compounds can be found as components in many applications, including energy storage and conversion, microphotonics, fluorescent chemical sensors, solid state lasers, nonlinear optics, nuclear cycle, superhydrophobic coatings, etc. Most of these outstanding properties can be correlated to the exceptional electronic properties of the fluorine element, yielding almost unique types of bonding with the other elements. The strategic importance of inorganic fluoride materials will be illustrated by several examples taken from various scientific domains: 1) In the field of energy storage, fluorinated carbon nano-particles (F-CNPs) have been tested as active materials in primary lithium batteries. In secondary Li batteries, 3d-transition metal fluorides and oxyfluorides mostly based on iron and titanium have been proposed as electrodes. 2) Nanocrystalline metal fluorides derived from fluorite (CaF₂) or tysonite (LaF₃) types exhibit high F^- anionic conductivity that can be used as solid electrolytes in F^- ion based all solid state batteries. 3) Upconversion and luminescent phenomena in nano fluorides based on rare earth metals. 4) Transparent fluoride ceramics which may challenge single crystals or glasses for solid state lasers applications. 5) Among transparent conductive oxides and oxide-fluorides, F-doped SnO₂ exhibits rather good transparency in the visible range and high infrared absorption associated to its conductivity due to n-type charge carriers. 6) Perovskite related solid state fluorides based on d-transition metals exhibit a huge variety of structural and magnetic behaviors. Layered BaMF₄ and iron fluorides (TTB- K₃Fe₅F₁₅) are important families of multiferroics, in which magnetism and ferroelectricity coexist. 7) Intercalation of fluorine in several networks of oxides allows tuning the transition metal oxidation state. Superconductivity was created in F-doped cuprate systems La₂CuO₄ and Sr₂CuO₃ using low-temperature fluorination by F₂ gas, or in F-doped oxypnictide LnFePnO_1-xF_x (T_c ~58 K). Finally, functionalization processes using various fluorination treatments yield nanosized materials, high surface area fluorides, or switchable hydrophobic/hydrophilic coatings.

The nanosize of F-CNPs obtained from nano-carbons prepared in molten carbonates (b), is not changed after low-temperature F₂ fluorination (a)

Biography:

Mitsuharu Tabuchi is a solid-state Chemist, developing novel positive electrode materials for lithium-ion battery. He developed an original synthetic route to accomplish a complete mixing of two or three kinds of transition metal ions at AIST. He is also skilled in Rietveld x-ray analysis and ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy for material characterization.

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Abstract:

Co-free positive electrode material is necessary as constituent material for large-scale lithium-ion battery to use electronic vehicle (EV) and plug-in hybrid one (PHEV). As shown in Figure 1, we developed seven high-capacity material systems (>200 mAh/g) having above 3.2 V of discharge voltages. Our strategy was utilizing Fe ion for oxide-based positive electrode material, because iron is cheap and environmental-friendly element and LiFeO₂ is as an electrochemically inactive positive electrode material. To activate the LiFeO₂ component, we have been trying to make novel LiFeO₂-Li₂MnO₃ solid solution (FM system). The first paper was published in 2001 and the study is still going on to improve its electrochemical property. To synthesize homogeneous FM sample with high Fe content, careful optimization of preparation condition must be needed. Original co-precipitation–calcination method was constructed. The co-precipitation temperature was kept to low temperature (-10ºC) to avoid spinel ferrite formation and then it wet-oxidized by bubbling with air. This precursor preparation technique is very important. After washing and mixing with Li salt, the mixture was dried for pulverization. It calcined in air or N₂ flow. Other systems were derived from the FM one. Among them, the LiFe_1/2Ni_1/2O₂-Li₂MnO₃ solid solution(FNM system) was designed to raise discharge voltage close to 3.5 V. Applying stepwise-charging method, its electrochemical properties was rather improved. LiFeO₂-Li₂MnO₃-Li₂TiO₃ (FMT system) and Li₂TiO₃-Li₂MnO₃ (TM system) solid solutions were synthesized by co-precipitation–calcination-carbothermal reduction process. NiO-Li₂MnO₃ (NM system) and NiO-Li₂MnO₃-Li₂TiO₃ (NMT system) was prepared by co-precipitation–hydrothermal–calcination process. The LN system was considered as Li-excess LiNiO₂ which was synthesized by thermal decomposition of Li₂NiO₃. Research details for these selected systems will be presented.

Our developed positive electrode materials vs. their average discharge voltages

Biography:

Lartigue Lenaic has his expertise in size-controlled functionalized magnetic NPs or gold nanoshell and their incorporation in supramolecular fluorescent nano-assemblies. This multimodal nano-assembly was tested as (i) mediator for magnetic hyperthermia and photothermal; (ii) contrast agent for fluorescent imaging, MRI and photoacoustic; (iii) real-time monitoring and on-demand drug delivery system. He received his PhD in 2010 entitled: Synthesis, characterization, functionalization and biomedical applications of iron-based NPs, under the supervision of Dr. Y Guari and Pr. D Gatteschi. Then, he completed two years of Postdoctoral research in the group of Dr. F Gazeau where he studied the physical, magneto-thermal properties and the biotransformation phenomenon of iron oxide NPs. In 2012 he joined the team of Dr. D Alloyeau and synthesized, characterized and studied the biodegradation of iron oxide@gold nano-assemblies. Since September 2013, he was appointed Assistant Professor in the team of Pr. E Ishow. He has co-authored 29 scientific articles on peer reviewed international journals of Chemistry and Physics (h-index ISI Web of Science = 14) and he is currently involved in five research projects in the nanomedicine field including one as coordinator.

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Abstract:

Multifunctional nanoparticles have recently emerged as promising cross-correlated contrast agents for bioimaging and carrier for drug delivery. The combination of magnetic and fluorescent units inside the same assemblies allows in vitro fluorescence microscopy (multiplexing, sensitivity and high resolution) and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (no penetration limit) with the same nanotools. We report a one-step synthesis to prepare core-shell architectures displaying a high payload of self-assembled magnetic and fluorescent units for improved multimodal tracking. This innovative architecture could contain drug agents for on-demand drug delivery. The multifunctional nanoparticles displayed a core-shell structure. The core consists an ultra-bright fluorescent organic nanoparticle (brightness>10⁷ mol^-1Lcm^-1) tightly coated with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, known as highly sensitive MRI contrast agents. The closely packed magnetic nanoparticles create strong additivity at the surface (r₂=250 s^-1mmol^-1L), so that large MRI T₂ contrast was obtained with unusually diluted solutions in vitro or after intravenous injection in small rodents. Two-photon excited fluorescence imaging could be performed, achieving unprecedented location resolution for agents combining both magnetic nanoparticles and fluorescence properties. Post-functionalization is ensured through an anionic polymer which is readily tailored to ensure furtivity (PEG chain) or active targeting (biotin, protein, etc.) via surface bioconjugation. In vitro studies show the importance of the polymer nature on the kinetics of cellular uptake. In vitro studies are performed on various cells and demonstrated the non-toxicity of our systems. Endocytosis kinetics was elucidated in mesothelium cancer cells grown as monolayers or multicellular tumor cell spheroids. Compared to numerous architectures like polymersomes or liposomes, the reported innovative nanoassemblies display in vitro a very high structural cohesion. The high density of magnetic nanoparticles leads to cooperative dipole effects, so that straightforward comparative investigations at various scales can be achieved using two-photon excited fluorescence imaging and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Biography:

Paolo Arosio is currently a fixed-term Researcher at Physics Department of Universita’ degli Studi di Milano. His main research activity regards the magnetism of nanoparticles and magnetic materials and the morpho-dimensional studies on biological samples in the AFM/NMR group of the Physics Department, that collaborates with numerous Italian and European research groups. Since 2011 he is responsible of NMR experimental activity of his research group.

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Abstract:

In the last two decades, much attention was devoted to novel multifunctional nanostructures based on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) useful as agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), optical imaging and magnetic fluid hyperthermia, carriers for drugs and molecular targeting vectors. Most of the magnetic nanoparticles systems reported in literature by a lot of research groups have been shown to be useful as MRI contrast agents and magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) mediators, displaying high nuclear relaxivity and specific absorption rate (SAR). For these compounds, the possibility to collect images of the regions where the MNPs are delivered through MRI and eventually optical imaging (if functionalized with a luminescent molecule), is joint to their use under radio-frequency fields, with frequency of the order of 100 KHz, which causes a local release of heat directed to tumour cells (the MFH effect), possibly inducing their death. By such materials, theranostic agents can be obtained. On the other hand, in the field of drug delivery and molecular targeting, few examples of reproducible experiments using superparamagnetic nanoparticles are actually present in literature. Thus, the application of MNPs to nanomedicine is currently of growing interest in the world. The main objectives of my research group in the last decade was to contribute to the knowledge of physical mechanisms at the basis of MNPs uses in biomedicine (especially MRI) and to propose some novel systems in strict collaboration with different research groups of chemists and biologists. I will present different novel systems able to contrast MRI images, act as good magnetic fluid hyperthermia agent or as multifunctional (magneto-fluorescent) agent and carry antitumoral drugs like e.g. paclitaxel or targeting functionalizations like PNA (peptide nucleic acids). Other examples of biomedical applications of MNPs magnetism will be also illustrated.

A magnetic nanoparticles and its crucial characteristics

Biography:

Oluwatobi S Oluwafemi is a National Research Foundation (NRF) South Africa rated Researcher at the Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg. His research is in the broad area of nanotechnology and include green synthesis of semiconductor and metal nanomaterials for different applications which include but not limited to biological (imaging, labeling, therapeutic), optical, environmental and water treatment. He has author and co-author many journal publications, book chapter and books. He is a reviewer for many international journals in the field of nanotechnology and has won many accolades both local and international.

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Abstract:

We herein report a simple, economical and green synthesis of highly fluorescent, water soluble and stable arginine functionalized CdTe/CdSe/ZnSe multi core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) with enhanced cell viability for cellular imaging. The synthesis of the CdTe/CdSe/ZnSe NPs was carried out under ambient conditions in the absence of an inert environment. The as-prepared NPs were characterized using UV-Vis absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The optical analyses showed an enhancement in the fluorescent intensity after the functionalization with improved optical properties. The functionalized NPs (F-NPs) displayed higher cell viability compared to the bare NPs when investigated on KM-Luc/GFP cell line at different concentrations. The fluorescent image indicated that the as-synthesized functionalized NPs were taken up by the cells. Recommendations are made for treatment centers to become trauma- informed that would help this recognition.

Biography:

Elif Cerrahoglu completed her Under-graduation in the Chemistry Department at 2010, Biology Department at 2011 and MD in Enzyme Extraction, Immobilization and Purification topics in Biochemistry in Sakarya University, Turkey. She started her PhD in Analytical Chemistry while simultaneously working as a Research Assistant at 2014 in Kocaeli University, Turkey. Currently, she has been working on heavy metal adsorption, biomass waste materials, and waste material’s modification methods.

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Abstract:

Most environmental pollutants have destructive effects on soil and water quality, plant and animal nutrition and human health. Especially metal pollution is a major health hazard that leads to environmental concern, and unlike organic pollutants, it is not biodegraded by natural means. The main reason for the accumulation of heavy metals, which are among the most important pollutants in the water are industrial wastes originating from facilities such as metal coating, battery production, fertilizer and paper industry, mining enterprises in developed countries in particular. Heavy metals such as lead, nickel, iron, zinc, manganese and cadmium are not biodegradable like organic species and at concentrations above certain limit values they are also found to play a major role in cognitive deficiencies, behavioral disorders, central nervous system, lungs and many vital organs causing injury. Therefore, the removal of these heavy metals is an important research topic especially for those working in the fields of analytical and environmental chemistry. The lignocellulosic wastes have adsorption potential due to the carboxylate, aromatic carboxylate, phenolic hydroxyl and oxyl groups present in the structures. However, the nature of the restricted adsorptive ability has to be increased by various physical or chemical processes. In this study, it has been aimed to use a lignocellulosic bio waste to remove heavy metals which are the most important pollutants in the water. For raw material with low uptake, activation is possible by means of environmental friendly, low-cost and high-performance mechanochemical modification methods with reagent, instead of existing activation methods. For mechanochemical modification with reagents, a planetary ball mill has been used. Parameters effective for mechanochemical modification such as milling time, rotation speed, raw material/reagent ratio and material/ball ratio have been optimized with response surface methodology (RSM), and the adsorption capacities of these new materials have been investigated for Cu(II), Pb(II), Zn(II) heavy metals.

Biography:

Anatoly Bortun has 20 years academy and 15 years industry experience with background in Physical and Inorganic Chemistry. His expertise is in areas of adsorption/ion exchange, separations and materials chemistry, including hydrothermal, sol-gel and solid state syntheses.

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Abstract:

New automotive emission standards make stringent requirements for oxygen-storage materials used in three way catalysts (TWC) and diesel catalysts. PIDC has developed an original precipitation technique for making wide range of ceria-zirconia (CZ) compositions. The key feature of the novel process is a presence of certain organic and/or inorganic additives specifically interacting with polyvalent metals in aqueous solution. The dual role of additives has been found. They change primary particles charge and surface charge density. Also, they specifically interact with Zr(Ce) species by occupying or blocking some of their active sites, which prevents dense packing of primary particles and their aggregates. This allows tailored assembly of mixed oxide structural blocks throughout all stages of precipitation with the formation of open-framework hierarchical structures. Other synthetic steps – washing precipitate from ionic admixtures, drying, calcinations, etc., are also important for retaining and fixation of hydrogel open-framework structures. Based on experimental data optimal conditions for making mixed oxides with porosity that can be controlled and regulated in a broad range from 50-10 nm up to 60-100 nm and improved thermal stability up to 1100^oC have been determined. Novel CZ materials exhibit high oxygen storage capacity and improved compatibility with precious metals. Results of CZ characterization with the use of different methods: XRD, SEM, TEM, N₂ adsorption, TPR-H₂, etc., will be presented.

Pore size distribution of 70% ZrO₂ - 20% CeO₂ - 10% RE aged at 1000^oC for 6 hrs as a function of the amount of complexing additive

Biography:

Mihai I Sturza has his expertise in synthesis and crystal structure characterization of novel inorganic compounds. The main aim of his work is to synthesize new inorganic compounds (new oxides, oxo-halides, pnictides, chalcogenides, intermetallics, etc.) and to correlate their chemical and physical properties to their compositions and crystal structures. His research at IFW involves searching for novel low-dimensional materials with interesting electronic properties emerging from a competition between different electronic states or a suppression of the electronic order (charge, orbital or spin).

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Abstract:

The class of transition-metal chalcogenides that exhibits mixed valency has been of continuing interest for several decades. The emergence of superconductivity with a superconducting transition temperature (Tc<30 K) in mixed-valence AxFe₂−ySe₂ (A=K, Rb, Cs, and Tl) phases has further increased interest in the chemistry and physics of complex ternary transition-metal chalcogenides. Copper chalcogenide materials are of considerable scientific interest because of their rich structural and compositional diversity, mixed valency, propensity for phase transitions, charge-density waves, potential for ionic mobility, as well as applications such as high performance photovoltaic cells. New results from the chemistry of the A/Cu/Q (A=Na, K, Ba; Q=S, Se) system will be reported. The synthesis, crystal structure, and properties of new layered copper chalcogenide compounds, which are mixed-valent will be presented. Single crystals were grown by the reaction of Cu metal in a molten alkali/ alkaline-earth metal/polysulfide/polyselenide/flux. Single crystal x-ray diffraction measurements performed on several crystals showed a high quality of the crystals, proven by the good internal consistency of the data collected using the full-sphere mode and an extremely low R factor. Electronic band structure calculations and physical property measurements reveal p-type metallic behavior, with moderately high electrical conductivity and hole carrier mobilities.

Crystal structure, SEM image and conductivity measurement of NaBa₂Cu₃S₅ crystal, a novel mixed-valent transition metal chalcogenide discovered by polychalcogenide flux synthesis

Biography:

Nana N Barbakadze has completed her PhD from Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University. She is a Research Scientist at Tbilisi State Medical University. Her field of interest is in chemistry and synthesis of biologically active compounds. She is the Author of more than 15 papers in reputed journals and has presented her work at 40 international scientific conferences.

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Abstract:

Recently, steroidal hydrazones have been receiving extensive attention of scientists because they have shown to exhibit antibacterial, antiviral and anticancer activities. Previously synthesized by us, some 5α-steroidal hydrazones have shown high antitubercular and antiviral activities. In order to find new potential bioactive compounds, hydrazones of 5α-androstane series have been synthesized. The starting ketones, 3α-hydroxy-5α-androst-9(11)-en-17-one and 5α-androst-2-en-17-one have been obtained by multistep modification of epiandrosterone — intermediate product of transformation of tigogenin. The structures of new hydrazones have been established by IR-, NMR- and mass spectral data.

Biography:

Nana N Barbakadze has completed her PhD from Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University. She is a Research Scientist at Tbilisi State Medical University. Her field of interest lies in chemistry and synthesis of biologically active compounds. She is the author of more than 15 papers in reputed journals and presentations at 40 international scientific conferences.

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Abstract:

Esterified steroids are characterized with high biological activities. It is ascertained that inclusion of adamantane fragment into the steroidal compound improves its lipophilicity and the ability to permeate a cell membrane, which in and of itself results in increased biological activity. Inclusion of the radical of adamantane into the molecule of a substance often tends to decrease the toxicity of this compound, while also prolonging the ability of this compound to be biologically active. In order to study relationship of structure-activity by esterification of epiandrosterone with chloranhydride of adamantane acid 3β–(1–adamantoat)–5α-androstan-17-one has been synthesized. By its interaction with hydroxylamine, semicarbazide and hydrazines (phenylhydrazine, p-methyl-, p-bromo-, p-chloro-, p-phenyl-, p-nitro-, 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazines) corresponding oxime and hydrazones have been obtained. Starting epiandrosterone was synthesized by conversation of 3β-acetoxy-5α-pregn-16-en-3β-ol-20-one – splitting product of tigogenine.

Biography:

Florina Teodorescu, a Senior Researcher, has her expertise in novel organic synthesis and catalyze. Her capabilities include techniques and methods required for materials synthesis and characterization and analytical skills necessary for characterization of organic compounds.

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Abstract:

In our study, mixed oxides obtained from layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were evaluated as catalysts in pyrazines synthesis by cyclization of different 1,2 diamines with propylene glycol. For this purpose, the LDHs materials with a [M²⁺_1-xM³⁺_x(OH)₂]x+[A^n-_x/n]∙mH₂O general formula, where M²⁺=Ni, Zn, Cu and M³⁺=Cr, Fe, Co, were obtained by two methods: co-precipitation and mechanochemical route. The LDH with a M²⁺/M³⁺ molar ratio of 3 was prepared at pH=10 by co-precipitation of two solutions: A (nitrates solutions) and B (alkaline solution) under low supersaturation. Both solutions were added simultaneously at a feed flow of 60 mL∙h^-1 and mixed at room temperature under vigorous stirring in a batch reactor. The gel obtained was aged 18 h at 75°C, cooled to room temperature, filtered and washed with bi-distilled water until a neutral pH (7) of the washing water was reached. The drying of the hydrotalcite gel was performed at 90°C for 24 h in air flow. In the mechanochemical route, the required amounts of nitrates, Na₂CO₃ and NaOH were directly milled in a mortar for 1 h. The resulted white paste was then washed with bi-distilled water until pH of 7, and dried at 90°C for 24 h. Dried samples were subsequently calcined at 450°C in order to achieve the mixed oxides. The catalytic activity measurements were carried out at atmosphere pressure in a fixed-bed down-flow integral reactor at 300-400°C. There is a significant influence in the conversion and selectivity values offered by the type of cation used, the method of preparation of LDH precursors, the temperature, space velocity and the molar ratio of the reactants. The Lewis acid sites play an important role in activity values of catalytic materials.

Biography:

Jeong Hoon Kim is Head of Greenhouse Gas Separation and Recovery Research Group, Carbon Resources Institute, KRICT. He got his BS and MS degree at Hanyang University in 1984 and 1986, respectively, and got his PhD from Korea Advanced Institute of Technology (KAIST) in 1999. He also worked as a Postdoc position at the Department of Chemical Engineering in University of Waterloo, Canada in 2000-2001. He has intensively been studying the synthesis of polymer membranes, fabrication of asymmetric flat and hollow fiber membranes, and development of multi-stage membrane process in the field of gas separation, electrodialysis, pervaporation, water purification, electrodialysis, and fuel cells since 1984. He published about 65 papers in Korean Journals and 30 papers in international Journals, and owns more than 100 Korean and international patents.

To present & exhibit your MATERIALS @ our upcoming series PS: Materials Conferences | Materials Chemistry Conferences | Materials Chemistry 2020

Abstract:

Huge amount of by-product gas mixtures (H₂, CH₄, CO, CO₂, N_2, etc.) has been produced from steel industry in Korea and worldwide. Among the by-product gases, CH₄ and H₂ are included in coke oven gas (COG). CO₂ and CO is included in blast furnace gas (BFG) and Linz Donawitz gas (LDG) in steel industry. If they can be efficiently separated at high purity and recovery, they can be used valuably for carbon capture and utilization (CCU) producing chemical products such as methanol, ethanol, ethylene, acetic acid, etc. and therefore, contributing to reduction of global warming. There are typical separation technologies: cryogenic, adsorption, absorption and membrane. Membrane technology can be a promising new separation technology owing to cheap plant construction, easy operation, environmental friendliness etc. The economy and energy efficiency of membrane process depends mainly upon gas selectivity and gas permeability of membrane materials. This study shows the preliminary result for the gas separation properties of soluble polyimides as membrane materials - CO₂/N₂ (or CO₂/CO) and H₂/CH₄ (or CO₂/CH₄) selectivities and CO₂ and H₂ permeabilities. We have developed an alicyclic dianhydride-5-(2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuryl)-3-methyl-3-cyclohexene-1,2 dicarboxylic anhydride (DOCDA) based homo- and co-polyimides with various dianhydrides and diamines using m-cresol as a solvent, respectively. Thin dense membranes were prepared from the copolyimides to check their gas permeation properties with a time-lag apparatus. All homo- and copolyimides showed good solubility for organic solvents and excellent thermal stability. The synthesized polyimides showed excellent CO₂/N₂ (or CO₂/CO) and H₂/CH₄ (or CO₂/CH₄) selectivities, and high CO₂ and H₂ permeabilities. These results confirmed these polyimides could be used as membrane materials for the separation of CO_2, CH₄, H₂ and from by-product gases in steel industry.

Biography:

Nanuli Nadaraia has completed her PhD from Mendeleev Moscow Chemical Technological Institute. She is a lead Research Scientist at Tbilisi State Medical University. Her field of interest is chemistry and synthesis of biologically active compounds. She is the author of more than 40 papers in reputed journals and presentations at 50 international scientific conferences.

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Abstract:

Among the synthetic biologically active steroids pyrazolines have important place. Interest toward of these compounds is determined by their theoretical and practical meaning. Many steroidal pyrazolines have showed high anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antimicrobial and antiandrogen activities. 3β-Hydroxy-5α-pregn-16-en-20-one and its modified product - 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregna-9(11),16-dien-20-one have been synthesized from aglicon - tigogenin, isolated from plant Yucca gloriosa L. introduced in Georgia. By acid-catalyzed condensation of this α-enones with several hydrazines (phenyl-, p-chloro-, p-bromo-, p-methyl- and p-phenyl­phenyl­hydrazine) cyclocondensation products - 3β-hydroxy-1¢-aryl-3¢-methyl-5α-androstano[17,16-d]pyrazolines and 3α-hydroxy-1¢-aryl-3¢-methyl-5α-androst-9(11)-eno[17,16-d]pyrazolines have been synthesized and their biological activities have been studied.

Biography:

Taiebeh Tamoradi obtained her Master’s in Inorganic Chemistry from Ilam University in 2012. In 2014, she joined Kurdistan University as a PhD candidate. After a two-year Postdoctoral Research position in Kurdistan University, she moved to the University of Ilam to join the Chemistry Science Group under Professor Arash Ghorbani Choghamarani.

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Abstract:

The simplified recovery, reusability and the potential for incorporation in continuous reactors and microreactors are unique properties in organic synthesis, thus the major area of research is recently shifted toward more environment friendly catalysts. In homogeneous systems it is complicated to recover the catalyst from the final reaction mixture; thus heterogeneous catalysts are used as supports. Heterogeneous catalysts have attracted a considerable attention in synthesis of organic compounds, because of their recovery by conventional filtration or centrifugation techniques. However, recovery and recycling of the heterogeneous catalysts are difficult because they require a tedious workup via filtration and the inevitable loss of solid in the recovery process. Magnetic nanoparticles have recently proposed as ideal supports because of their multifunctional physical and chemical properties such as easy preparation and functionalization, high chemical activity, long catalytic life, large surface area ratio, excellent thermal and chemical stability, low price, less toxicity, high dispersion and easy separation via external magnet. Sulfoxides, disulfides and sulfides are useful in the chemical industries and play a vital role in some medicines and biological processes. During the recent increasing interest in synthesis of these compounds, variety of catalysts has been received considerable attention. The present work describes the synthesis of a new cadmium complex immobilized on Fe₃O₄ nanostructure as efficient catalyst for oxidation reactions. Characterization of the prepared nanostructure was performed by SEM and XRD. Use of green medium, easy separation, excellent reusability of the nanocatalyst, and short reaction time are outstanding advantages of this method.

General route for the fabrication of Fe₃O₄-Glycine-Cd

Biography:

Nana Gorgaslidze completed her PhD from Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical Academy, Russia. She is the Director of the Iovel Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU) and Professor at the Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy at TSMU. She has published more than 94 papers in reputed journals, authored four books and has two patents. She is a Member of organizing committee of several international conferences and meetings. She has more 40 years of teaching experience at the Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia. She is the Founder of the Georgian Pharmaceutical Association (President: 2002–2005) and newspaper, Pharmacy. She is a Member of Scientist and Young Pharmacists of Georgia. She has long timework experience at the Ministry of Health, Labor and Social Affairs of Georgia state control of quality medicinal and pharmaceutical products and other departments of the same ministry.

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Abstract:

Modification of steroids with pharmacophores in order to discover new highly active compounds is a critical problem.  Peptides and proteins play an important role in biological and physiological processes and combinations of amino acids, peptides and steroids have given rise to an interesting class of biologically relevant compounds. Oximes have been evaluated for potential cytotoxicity and oxime derivatives of steroids that have been reported to exhibit antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. In particular, amino acids have been coupled with steroids with the aim of preparing potential therapeutic agents that exhibit lower toxicity whilst retaining the original activity of the parent compound. In the pharmacological perspective, the combination of two important systems in one molecule encourages increasing the biological activity; accordingly the synthesis of steroidal peptides becomes interesting. The derivatives of different oximes modified by amino acids are noteworthy. Despite steroidal oximes being biologically highly active compounds, examples of modification similar to these compounds cannot be found in the literature. In order to synthesize biologically active compounds, O-acylation of 20-hydroximino-5α-pregn-16-en-3β-ole, 3β-acetoxy-20-hydroximino-5α-pregn-16-ene and 17-hydroximino-5α-androstan-3β-ole  with N-protected amino acids  (N-Cbz-L-Ala-Bt, N-Cbz-L-Val-Bt, N-Cbz-L-Phe-Bt and N-Cbz-L-Ala-L-Val-Bt)  have been carried out and their antiviral activities have been studied.

Biography:

Nana Gorgaslidze completed her PhD from Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical Academy, Russia. She is the Director of the Iovel Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU) and Professor at the Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy at TSMU. She has published more than 94 papers in reputed journals, authored four books and has two patents. She is a Member of organizing committee of several international conferences and meetings. She has more 40 years of teaching experience at the Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia. She is the Founder of the Georgian Pharmaceutical Association (President: 2002–2005) and newspaper, Pharmacy. She is a Member of Scientist and Young Pharmacists of Georgia. She has long timework experience at the Ministry of Health, Labor and Social Affairs of Georgia state control of quality medicinal and pharmaceutical products and other departments of the same ministry.

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Abstract:

The aim of this work was to study the lipid composition of the fruit of Corylus avellana L. (Betulaceae) and seeds of Persica vulgaris L. (Rosaceae). Using the method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), seven saturated, one mono-unsaturated and two poly-unsaturated fatty acids were identified. It is remarkable that hexadecanoic, 9-octadecenoic acid and 9, 12-octadecadienoic acids are predominant in fatty oil. From the fruits of Corylus avellana neutral lipids with a yield of 61%, relative to the air-dry raw material were obtained. Five phospholipids and seven amino acids were identified from the polar lipids of Corylus avellana. Fatty oils from the seeds of Persica vulgaris (Rosaceae) were studied. HPLC analysis of the fatty oils show presence of five saturated, one unsaturated and two poly-unsaturated fatty acids. Among of them dominants are: 9-octadecenoic acid, 9, 12-octadecadienoic and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, which are not synthesized in the human body and are presented as an irreplaceable fatty acids.  The characteristics of the fatty acid composition of the fatty oil of the seeds of Persica vulgaris is related to the climatic conditions of the eastern regions of Georgia and corresponds to the tendency of growth of unsaturation with changing environmental factors.

Biography:

Sungsoo Kim has his expertise in surface and colloid science as well as in materials science especially including conducting polymers and organic semiconductors. He has a broad and intensive experience in R&D in addition to accomplishments in supervision of many graduate students. He is currently working on several projects for an organic electrochemical transistor based on a functionalized PEDOT active layer.

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Abstract:

Poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) is a very versatile and highly conductive polymer reported up to ca. 4,500 S/cm so far. In this study, PEDOT with an ultra-high conductivity of about 6,000 S/cm and an ultra-thin film of about 35 nm is presented. The PEDOT was processed via an oxidative chemical vapor phase polymerization method (VPP). Glass and PET surfaces were covered with ferric chloride (FeCl₃) oxidizing agent mixed with polyurethane diol (DUDO) and poly(ethylene glycol–propylene glycol–ethylene glycol) (PEG-PPG-PEG) prior to their exposure to 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) vapors. Optical microscope images show that the precursor film (oxidant mixture) covered on wafer or PET has very smooth and uniform surface. FE-SEM and AFM results revealed that PEDOT film after washing with n-butanol is very smooth, thin, and homogeneous (RMS is lower than 3 nm). Ultra-thin PEDOT films were further characterized by various other tools such as XRD, FT-IR, Raman, XPS, TGA, and so on. All other results obtained by various analyzing tools strongly support that PEDOT is indeed an ultra-highly conductive film far surpassing the most representative transparent electrode such as ITO (indium tin oxide).

Biography:

Zolaikha Rasouli has obtained her Masters’ degree in Science from Kurdistan University, UK in 2009. She was a PhD candidate in Analytical Chemistry, Kurdistan University, 2011. Her working field is focused on chemometrics modern methods at PhD level. She is currently working on a PhD thesis.

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Abstract:

Over the past few years quantitative determinations of micro/macro minerals have attracted considerable attention. This attention is because of the essential role of minerals in various procedures i.e., medical, food, industrial and their numerous biological activities on human health. Chelation of chromomeric agents to metallic ions is one of the most efficient practices used in quantitative determination of micro/macro minerals in recent year. Herein, complexation systems formed by methylthymol blue (MTB) and Zn^II, Cu^II and Fe^II metal ions in an aqueous solution with pH=5.0 have been described from experimental and theoretical points of view. It was characterized using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy combined with soft/hard chemometrics methods and time dependent density functional theory (DFT/TD-DFT) calculations. First, an exploratory analysis from the acid-base system of MTB and each of the complex formation systems was carried out by Marquardt-Levenberg, MCR-ALS and RAFA algorithms. The results revealed that Zn^II and Cu^II have the same behavior in confronting with MTB, both 1:2 and 1:1 stoichiometries of Zn^II or Cu^II to MTB. However, for Fe^II, simultaneous formation of FeL and Fe₂L complexes were suggested. In the second step of our work, we were interested to the description in detail of these systems by DFT/TD-DFT calculations to identify the nature of their structural geometries in the aqueous solution. For this purpose, we proposed the molecular hypothetical structures for different complex species based on the favorably moieties included in the complexation reactions, the protonation state of different functional groups of MTB and finally, the metal ion surrounding.

Molecular structure of Fe₂L complex

Biography:

Ayrat R Khamatgalimov has completed his PhD from Kazan National Research Technological University, Russia and Postdoctoral studies from Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Russia. He is the Senior Researcher of Laboratory of Physical-Chemical Analysis in Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Russia. He is engaged in research in the field of physical chemistry and quantum-chemical calculations; in particular, he has expertise in calculations of electronic and geometric structures of higher fullerenes. He is an expert in the field of synchronic thermal analysis. The results of his research were published in more than 40 papers in reputed journals.

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Abstract:

In our research we are developing an alternative approach in which a fullerene molecule is considered to contain a number of substructures incorporated in the fullerene shell and resembling aromatic analogues such as indacene, pyrene, perylene, corannulene, coronene, phenalenyl radical, etc. Our result shows that the presence of phenalenyl-radical substructures with unpaired electron leads to instability of whole fullerene molecule. For example, fullerene C₇₄ is unstable due to the presence of two phenalenyl-radical substructures, four such radical substructures caused of instability of fullerene C₇₆ too. Here we report the computational characterizations of non-planar polycyclic hydrocarbon species that can be cut from fullerene molecule – substructure from three symmetrically fused phenalenyl composed by nine fused benzenoid rings. The results of quantum-chemical calculations show that this structure has an open-shell ground state and a relatively small HOMO–LUMO gap. This is due to the fact that this molecule is derivative of the phenalenyl-radical. Analysis of row of isolated-pentagon-rule (IPR) isomers of higher fullerenes from C₇₂ to C₁₀₄ shows that this substructure is present in structure of some of them, for example, in IPR isomer 7 (C_3v) of C₈₂ fullerene. Indeed, our researches show that this molecule has an open-shell structure due to containing radical substructures (like phenalenyl-radical substructure). It should be noted that spin densities in triplet configuration of isomer 7 (C_3v) of C₈₂ fullerene are mainly concentrated namely on radical substructures likewise the C₇₄ biradical. Thus, our results shows that such fullerenes are unstable and can`t be obtained as empty molecules. However they become stable as exohedral or endohedral derivatives or in polymeric forms.

Schlegel diagram of isomer 7 (C_3v) of C₈₂ fullerene with depicted phenalenyl-like substructure

Biography:

Quirina Roode Gutzmer graduated with an MSc in Chemistry, and studied complexation of metal ions by designer molecules, such as macrocycles, cryptates, and incorporation of metal ions in crystal structures. The development of further skills in applied mathematics enabled her to conduct theoretical work in the calculation of diffusion in lithium-ion-batteries. Her experimental work in material science has previously involved doping photocatalysts, as well as developing composite materials using graphene. Her current work involves calixarene synthesis with the objective of transferring this know-how towards the development of functionalized graphene membranes with the purpose of selectively removing actinides and lanthanides from aqueous solutions, and to investigate possibilities for pilot scale production.

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Abstract:

Currently the global consumption for rare earths for the production of permanent magnets, catalysts and luminescent materials, is steadily increasing. This will necessitate a recycling strategy in the future. Within the framework of the SE-FLECX project, several calix[4]arenes were developed with the objective of separating f-elements from other elements in aqueous solutions arising from ore leachates. Another aim is to remove actinides from such solutions. The most promising calix[4]arene that emerged from this work is a hydroxyquinoline functionalized calix[4]arene (AJ-46): 5,11,17,23-Tetra-p-tert-butyl-25,27-bis[(8-hydroxyquinolinemethine- hydrazinocarbonyl)-methoxy]-26,28-dihydroxycalix[4]arene. This calixarene demonstrates selectivity between light and heavy lanthanides in a solvent extraction process, as well as between actinides and lanthanides, thereby enabling radioactive decontamination. The objective of the work presented in this poster is to scale up the synthesis of AJ-46 so that a pilot-scale mixer-settler solvent extraction operation can be implemented using real ore leachates. The laboratory scale synthesis as developed by Jäschke et al. is not directly translatable for a technical production. The synthesis scheme achieved is shown in figure 1. In the first synthesis stage, acetonitrile was successfully replaced by acetone in a significantly reduced volume than used by Collins et al. Despite containing residual acetic acid and ethyl acetate, the 4-tert-butyl-calix[4]arene produced in-house according to Gutsche and Iqbal, produced a diester product in similar yield (79%) and quality after re-crystallization in a dichloromethane/ethanol solution (1:5) at -30℃ over 3 days. In the third synthesis stage, the solvent volume could be reduced 5-fold and was accomplished by replacing ethanol with a 3:1 ethanol/chloroform solvent mixture. The final product is obtained in a yield of 88-91%.

Scheme for the scale-up synthesis of the hydroxyquinoline functionalized calix[4]arene

Biography:

M Helena M de Sá completed her PhD in Electroanalysis from University of Porto, Portugal in 2002. She has strong Chemistry background (fundamental and applied) and experience on Materials Science and Nanotechnology. Having participated as Post-doctoral Researcher in different projects that went from conservation science to new materials for energy and biosensors. Since 2015, she is a team member of the research group BioMark/ISEP and the European project Symbiotic, devoted to the development of an innovative electrical biosensor assembled inside a fuel cell for cancer detection.

To present & exhibit your MATERIALS @ our upcoming series PS: Materials Conferences | Materials Chemistry Conferences | Materials Chemistry 2020

Abstract:

Glucose is a renewable carbon source that has attracted much attention as alternative sustainable fuel for fuel cells devices. Fuel cells directly convert chemical energy stored in fuels into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions and have been identified as one of the most promising technologies for the clean energy of the future. In recent years, the applications of this kind of device in medical field, in both exploratory research and prospective products, have intensified due to their multiple advantages over conventional batteries, including environmentally friendly character, easy availability, biocompatibility and high security. The main target of this work is to convert this kind of device into an autonomous low cost electrochemical biosensor for the detection of cancer biomarkers, taking advantage of the molecular imprinting technology. In this technique molecularly-imprinted polymers (MIPs) contain tailor-made binding sites that are complementary to the template molecules used in the imprinting stage. Cancer, along with other diseases, may be diagnosed by biomarker detection using conventional tests that have limited application in low-resource settings due to the use of bulky and expensive instrumentation, putting in evidence the advantages of the device we want develop, which will simply need a drop of the patient fluid and a drop of fuel (glucose solution) to allow its use and a quick-response in point-of-care. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and identify the operational conditions for converting a direct glucose fuel cell (DGFC) into a biosensor. For this purpose, the conventional anode of the cell was modified by assembling a MIP layer on a carbon black with platinum/ruthenium support, which is a known effective catalyst for glucose and methanol electro-oxidation. The anode modifications were tested first in a conventional three electrode set-up by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Direct type polymer electrolyte fuel cell (Nafion^® based), in which aqueous solutions of glucose and methanol fuels are directly supplied to the anode (DGFC and DMFC) were also evaluated. The preliminary data stemmed from these studies show great potential and further research is on-going in order to put a MIP modified DGFC working as an electrochemical biosensor.

Graphic representation of the electrically autonomous sensory platform

Biography:

Raquel Campos completed her MSc degree in Chemical Engineering. She is specialized in Chemical Industry and Energy Optimization in 2016, at the School of Engineering from the Polytechnique School of Porto. Since July 2017, she is a team member of the research group BioMark/ISEP and the European project Symbiotic, devoted to the development of an innovative electrical biosensor assembled inside a fuel cell for cancer detection.

To present & exhibit your MATERIALS @ our upcoming series PS: Materials Conferences | Materials Chemistry Conferences | Materials Chemistry 2020

Abstract:

Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are extremely attractive as power sources due to the high energy density provided by the electro-oxidation of methanol, their easy transport and convenient handling of liquid fuel. One of the main components of DMFCs is the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) which includes a polymer electrolyte and a platinum based catalyst. Nafion^® has been the material of choice for its fabrication, but the modification of Nafion^® and the development of alternative polymers in order to achieve higher performances have also been done. Carbon blacks (CBs) are mostly used as Pt supports in the fuel cells due to their low cost and high availability, good electrical performance, and relatively high surface. The possibility of using this kind of devices as transducers of protein biosensors is an innovative concept developed in the context of the Symbiotic. This possibility has been proven feasible for ferritin and is extended herein to the detection of a cancer biomarker. The aim of this work is to show how we have applied a similar strategy to a different protein, the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a model cancer biomarker. The DMFC anode catalysts were modified with a plastic antibody, suibtably produced by molecularly-imprinted polymer (MIP) technology. This polymer was grown on the CB support by surface radical polymerization of vinyl based monomers and crosslinkers. The resulting thin polymeric layer acted as the biorecognition element for CEA in the final set-up. The stability and analytical performance of the resulting device was characterized by electrochemical techniques. The change in electric power performance of the MIP modified DMFC, after incubation with the target protein, revealed the ability of the biomaterial to rebind. The ultimate aim is that the proposed biosensor can be the core of an equipment-free, user-friendly, cheap electrical device that will allow an autonomous determination of CEA in routine health care systems.