6^th International Conference and Exhibition on Materials Science and Chemistry May 17-18, 2018 Rome, Italy

Anatoly Bortun has 20 years academy and 15 years industry experience with background in Physical and Inorganic Chemistry. His expertise is in areas of adsorption/ion exchange, separations and materials chemistry, including hydrothermal, sol-gel and solid state syntheses.

New automotive emission standards make stringent requirements for oxygen-storage materials used in three way catalysts (TWC) and diesel catalysts. PIDC has developed an original precipitation technique for making wide range of ceria-zirconia (CZ) compositions. The key feature of the novel process is a presence of certain organic and/or inorganic additives specifically interacting with polyvalent metals in aqueous solution. The dual role of additives has been found. They change primary particles charge and surface charge density. Also, they specifically interact with Zr(Ce) species by occupying or blocking some of their active sites, which prevents dense packing of primary particles and their aggregates. This allows tailored assembly of mixed oxide structural blocks throughout all stages of precipitation with the formation of open-framework hierarchical structures. Other synthetic steps – washing precipitate from ionic admixtures, drying, calcinations, etc., are also important for retaining and fixation of hydrogel open-framework structures. Based on experimental data optimal conditions for making mixed oxides with porosity that can be controlled and regulated in a broad range from 50-10 nm up to 60-100 nm and improved thermal stability up to 1100oC have been determined. Novel CZ materials exhibit high oxygen storage capacity and improved compatibility with precious metals. Results of CZ characterization with the use of different methods: XRD, SEM, TEM, N2 adsorption, TPR-H2, etc., will be presented.

Mihai I Sturza has his expertise in synthesis and crystal structure characterization of novel inorganic compounds. The main aim of his work is to synthesize new inorganic compounds (new oxides, oxo-halides, pnictides, chalcogenides, intermetallics, etc.) and to correlate their chemical and physical properties to their compositions and crystal structures. His research at IFW involves searching for novel low-dimensional materials with interesting electronic properties emerging from a competition between different electronic states or a suppression of the electronic order (charge, orbital or spin).

The class of transition-metal chalcogenides that exhibits mixed valency has been of continuing interest for several decades. The emergence of superconductivity with a superconducting transition temperature (Tc<30 K) in mixed-valence AxFe2−ySe2 (A=K, Rb, Cs, and Tl) phases has further increased interest in the chemistry and physics of complex ternary transition-metal chalcogenides. Copper chalcogenide materials are of considerable scientific interest because of their rich structural and compositional diversity, mixed valency, propensity for phase transitions, charge-density waves, potential for ionic mobility, as well as applications such as high performance photovoltaic cells. New results from the chemistry of the A/Cu/Q (A=Na, K, Ba; Q=S, Se) system will be reported. The synthesis, crystal structure, and properties of new layered copper chalcogenide compounds, which are mixed-valent will be presented. Single crystals were grown by the reaction of Cu metal in a molten alkali/ alkaline-earth metal/polysulfide/polyselenide/flux. Single crystal x-ray diffraction measurements performed on several crystals showed a high quality of the crystals, proven by the good internal consistency of the data collected using the full-sphere mode and an extremely low R factor. Electronic band structure calculations and physical property measurements reveal p-type metallic behavior, with moderately high electrical conductivity and hole carrier mobilities.

Nana N Barbakadze has completed her PhD from Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University. She is a Research Scientist at Tbilisi State Medical University. Her field of interest is in chemistry and synthesis of biologically active compounds. She is the Author of more than 15 papers in reputed journals and has presented her work at 40 international scientific conferences.

Recently, steroidal hydrazones have been receiving extensive attention of scientists because they have shown to exhibit antibacterial, antiviral and anticancer activities. Previously synthesized by us, some 5-steroidal hydrazones have shown high antitubercular and antiviral activities. In order to find new potential bioactive compounds, hydrazones of 5α-androstane series have been synthesized. The starting ketones, 3α-hydroxy-5α-androst-9(11)-en-17-one and 5α-androst-2-en-17-one have been obtained by multistep modification of epiandrosterone — intermediate product of transformation of tigogenin. The structures of new hydrazones have been established by IR-, NMR- and mass spectral data.

Nana N Barbakadze has completed her PhD from Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University. She is a Research Scientist at Tbilisi State Medical University. Her field of interest lies in chemistry and synthesis of biologically active compounds. She is the author of more than 15 papers in reputed journals and presentations at 40 international scientific conferences.

Esterified steroids are characterized with high biological activities. It is ascertained that inclusion of adamantane fragment into the steroidal compound improves its lipophilicity and the ability to permeate a cell membrane, which in and of itself results in increased biological activity. Inclusion of the radical of adamantane into the molecule of a substance often tends to decrease the toxicity of this compound, while also prolonging the ability of this compound to be biologically active. In order to study relationship of structure-activity by esterification of epiandrosterone with chloranhydride of adamantane acid 3β–(1–adamantoat)–5α-androstan-17-one has been synthesized. By its interaction with hydroxylamine, semicarbazide and hydrazines (phenylhydrazine, p-methyl-, p-bromo-, p-chloro-, p-phenyl-, p-nitro-, 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazines) corresponding oxime and hydrazones have been obtained. Starting epiandrosterone was synthesized by conversation of 3β-acetoxy-5α-pregn-16-en-3β-ol-20-one – splitting product of tigogenine.

Florina Teodorescu, a Senior Researcher, has her expertise in novel organic synthesis and catalyze. Her capabilities include techniques and methods required for materials synthesis and characterization and analytical skills necessary for characterization of organic compounds.

In our study, mixed oxides obtained from layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were evaluated as catalysts in pyrazines synthesis by cyclization of different 1,2 diamines with propylene glycol. For this purpose, the LDHs materials with a [M2+1-xM3+x(OH)2]x+[An-x/n]∙mH2O general formula, where M2+=Ni, Zn, Cu and M3+=Cr, Fe, Co, were obtained by two methods: co-precipitation and mechanochemical route. The LDH with a M2+/M3+ molar ratio of 3 was prepared at pH=10 by co-precipitation of two solutions: A (nitrates solutions) and B (alkaline solution) under low supersaturation. Both solutions were added simultaneously at a feed flow of 60 mL∙h-1 and mixed at room temperature under vigorous stirring in a batch reactor. The gel obtained was aged 18 h at 75°C, cooled to room temperature, filtered and washed with bi-distilled water until a neutral pH (7) of the washing water was reached. The drying of the hydrotalcite gel was performed at 90°C for 24 h in air flow. In the mechanochemical route, the required amounts of nitrates, Na2CO3 and NaOH were directly milled in a mortar for 1 h. The resulted white paste was then washed with bi-distilled water until pH of 7, and dried at 90°C for 24 h. Dried samples were subsequently calcined at 450°C in order to achieve the mixed oxides. The catalytic activity measurements were carried out at atmosphere pressure in a fixed-bed down-flow integral reactor at 300-400°C. There is a significant influence in the conversion and selectivity values offered by the type of cation used, the method of preparation of LDH precursors, the temperature, space velocity and the molar ratio of the reactants. The Lewis acid sites play an important role in activity values of catalytic materials.

Jeong Hoon Kim is Head of Greenhouse Gas Separation and Recovery Research Group, Carbon Resources Institute, KRICT. He got his BS and MS degree at Hanyang University in 1984 and 1986, respectively, and got his PhD from Korea Advanced Institute of Technology (KAIST) in 1999. He also worked as a Postdoc position at the Department of Chemical Engineering in University of Waterloo, Canada in 2000-2001. He has intensively been studying the synthesis of polymer membranes, fabrication of asymmetric flat and hollow fiber membranes, and development of multi-stage membrane process in the field of gas separation, electrodialysis, pervaporation, water purification, electrodialysis, and fuel cells since 1984. He published about 65 papers in Korean Journals and 30 papers in international Journals, and owns more than 100 Korean and international patents.

Huge amount of by-product gas mixtures (H2, CH4, CO, CO2, N2, etc.) has been produced from steel industry in Korea and worldwide. Among the by-product gases, CH4 and H2 are included in coke oven gas (COG). CO2 and CO is included in blast furnace gas (BFG) and Linz Donawitz gas (LDG) in steel industry. If they can be efficiently separated at high purity and recovery, they can be used valuably for carbon capture and utilization (CCU) producing chemical products such as methanol, ethanol, ethylene, acetic acid, etc. and therefore, contributing to reduction of global warming. There are typical separation technologies: cryogenic, adsorption, absorption and membrane. Membrane technology can be a promising new separation technology owing to cheap plant construction, easy operation, environmental friendliness etc. The economy and energy efficiency of membrane process depends mainly upon gas selectivity and gas permeability of membrane materials. This study shows the preliminary result for the gas separation properties of soluble polyimides as membrane materials - CO2/N2 (or CO2/CO) and H2/CH4 (or CO2/CH4) selectivities and CO2 and H2 permeabilities. We have developed an alicyclic dianhydride -5-(2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuryl)-3-methyl-3-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride (DOCDA) based homo- and co-polyimides with various dianhydrides and diamines using m-cresol as a solvent, respectively. Thin dense membranes were prepared from the copolyimides to check their gas permeation properties with a time-lag apparatus. All homo- and copolyimides showed good solubility for organic solvents and excellent thermal stability. The synthesized polyimides showed excellent CO2/N2 (or CO2/CO) and H2/CH4 (or CO2/CH4) selectivities, and high CO2 and H2 permeabilities. These results confirmed these polyimides could be used as membrane materials for the separation of CO2, CH4, H2 and from by-product gases in steel industry.

Nanuli Nadaraia has completed her PhD from Mendeleev Moscow Chemical Technological Institute. She is a lead Research Scientist at Tbilisi State Medical University. Her field of interest is chemistry and synthesis of biologically active compounds. She is the author of more than 40 papers in reputed journals and presentations at 50 international scientific conferences.

Among the synthetic biologically active steroids pyrazolines have important place. Interest toward of these compounds is determined by their theoretical and practical meaning. Many steroidal pyrazolines have showed high anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antimicrobial and antiandrogen activities. 3β-Hydroxy-5α-pregn-16-en-20-one and its modified product - 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregna-9(11),16-dien-20-one have been synthesized from aglicon - tigogenin, isolated from plant Yucca gloriosa L. introduced in Georgia. By acid-catalyzed condensation of this α-enones with several hydrazines (phenyl-, p-chloro-, p-bromo-, p-methyl- and p-phenyl-phenyl¬hydrazine) cyclocondensation products - 3β-hydroxy-1-aryl-3-methyl-5α-androstano[17,16-d]pyrazolines and 3α-hydroxy-1-aryl-3-methyl-5α-androst-9(11)-eno[17,16-d]pyrazolines have been synthesized and their biological activities have been studied.

Taiebeh Tamoradi obtained her Master’s in Inorganic Chemistry from Ilam University in 2012. In 2014, she joined Kurdistan University as a PhD candidate. After a two-year Postdoctoral Research position in Kurdistan University, she moved to the University of Ilam to join the Chemistry Science Group under Professor Arash Ghorbani Choghamarani.

The simplified recovery, reusability and the potential for incorporation in continuous reactors and microreactors are unique properties in organic synthesis, thus the major area of research is recently shifted toward more environment friendly catalysts. In homogeneous systems it is complicated to recover the catalyst from the final reaction mixture; thus heterogeneous catalysts are used as supports. Heterogeneous catalysts have attracted a considerable attention in synthesis of organic compounds, because of their recovery by conventional filtration or centrifugation techniques. However, recovery and recycling of the heterogeneous catalysts are difficult because they require a tedious workup via filtration and the inevitable loss of solid in the recovery process. Magnetic nanoparticles have recently proposed as ideal supports because of their multifunctional physical and chemical properties such as easy preparation and functionalization, high chemical activity, long catalytic life, large surface area ratio, excellent thermal and chemical stability, low price, less toxicity, high dispersion and easy separation via external magnet. Sulfoxides, disulfides and sulfides are useful in the chemical industries and play a vital role in some medicines and biological processes. During the recent increasing interest in synthesis of these compounds, variety of catalysts has been received considerable attention. The present work describes the synthesis of a new cadmium complex immobilized on Fe3O4 nanostructure as efficient catalyst for oxidation reactions. Characterization of the prepared nanostructure was performed by SEM and XRD. Use of green medium, easy separation, excellent reusability of the nanocatalyst, and short reaction time are outstanding advantages of this method.

Nana Gorgaslidze completed her PhD from Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical Academy, Russia. She is the Director of the Iovel Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU) and Professor at the Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy at TSMU. She has published more than 94 papers in reputed journals, authored four books and has two patents. She is a Member of organizing committee of several international conferences and meetings. She has more 40 years of teaching experience at the Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia. She is the Founder of the Georgian Pharmaceutical Association (President: 2002–2005) and newspaper, Pharmacy. She is a Member of Scientist and Young Pharmacists of Georgia. She has long timework experience at the Ministry of Health, Labor and Social Affairs of Georgia state control of quality medicinal and pharmaceutical products and other departments of the same ministry.

Modification of steroids with pharmacophores in order to discover new highly active compounds is a critical problem. Peptides and proteins play an important role in biological and physiological processes and combinations of amino acids, peptides and steroids have given rise to an interesting class of biologically relevant compounds. Oximes have been evaluated for potential cytotoxicity and oxime derivatives of steroids that have been reported to exhibit antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. In particular, amino acids have been coupled with steroids with the aim of preparing potential therapeutic agents that exhibit lower toxicity whilst retaining the original activity of the parent compound. In the pharmacological perspective, the combination of two important systems in one molecule encourages increasing the biological activity; accordingly the synthesis of steroidal peptides becomes interesting. The derivatives of different oximes modified by amino acids are noteworthy. Despite steroidal oximes being biologically highly active compounds, examples of modification similar to these compounds cannot be found in the literature. In order to synthesize biologically active compounds, O-acylation of 20-hydroximino-5α-pregn-16-en-3β-ole, 3β-acetoxy-20-hydroximino-5α-pregn-16-ene and 17-hydroximino-5α-androstan-3β-ole with N-protected amino acids (N-Cbz-L-Ala-Bt, N-Cbz-L-Val-Bt, N-Cbz-L-Phe-Bt and N-Cbz-L-Ala-L-Val-Bt) have been carried out and their antiviral activities have been studied.

Nana Gorgaslidze completed her PhD from Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical Academy, Russia. She is the Director of the Iovel Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Tbilisi State Medical University (TSMU) and Professor at the Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy at TSMU. She has published more than 94 papers in reputed journals, authored four books and has two patents. She is a Member of organizing committee of several international conferences and meetings. She has more 40 years of teaching experience at the Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia. She is the Founder of the Georgian Pharmaceutical Association (President: 2002–2005) and newspaper, Pharmacy. She is a Member of Scientist and Young Pharmacists of Georgia. She has long timework experience at the Ministry of Health, Labor and Social Affairs of Georgia state control of quality medicinal and pharmaceutical products and other departments of the same ministry.

The aim of this work was to study the lipid composition of the fruit of Corylus avellana L. (Betulaceae) and seeds of Persica vulgaris L. (Rosaceae). Using the method of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), seven saturated, one mono-unsaturated and two poly-unsaturated fatty acids were identified. It is remarkable that hexadecanoic, 9-octadecenoic acid and 9, 12-octadecadienoic acids are predominant in fatty oil. From the fruits of Corylus avellana neutral lipids with a yield of 61%, relative to the air-dry raw material were obtained. Five phospholipids and seven amino acids were identified from the polar lipids of Corylus avellana. Fatty oils from the seeds of Persica vulgaris (Rosaceae) were studied. HPLC analysis of the fatty oils show presence of five saturated, one unsaturated and two poly-unsaturated fatty acids. Among of them dominants are: 9-octadecenoic acid, 9, 12-octadecadienoic and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, which are not synthesized in the human body and are presented as an irreplaceable fatty acids. The characteristics of the fatty acid composition of the fatty oil of the seeds of Persica vulgaris is related to the climatic conditions of the eastern regions of Georgia and corresponds to the tendency of growth of unsaturation with changing environmental factors.