International Conference and Exhibition on Materials Chemistry March 30-31, 2016 Valencia, Spain

Biography:

Dr. M. M. Khusniyarov graduated from Novosibirsk State University (Russia) in 2002. After he obtained his PhD from Philipp University of Marburg (Germany) in 2006, he spent 2.5 years as a postdoc at Max Planck Institute for Bioinorganic Chemistry (Germany). In 2009, supported by a prestigious Liebig fellowship, he started his independent carrier by establishing a junior research group at Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (Germany). His research field includes magnetic and photomagnetic materials, molecular switches and sensors, applied spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. He is the author of 31 research publications in high rated journals and one review article.

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Abstract:

Continuous miniaturization of devices as demanded by modern society requires construction of smaller and smaller device components approaching the limits of the conventional "top-down" approach. An alternative "bottom-up" approach flourishing in widespread nanotechnologies allows to overcome these limits. One step in miniaturization beyond the nanoscale is the development of true molecule-based devices, in which single molecules are the active components in the ultimate case. In this regard, molecular switches are the key components for prospective molecular electronics and spintronics. Our research group develops unique molecular switches – molecular coordination compounds – whose magnetic properties can be reversibly changed at room temperature. To accomplish this goal, photoisomerizable ligands were introduced into bistable molecules of two families: spin-crossover metal complexes and valence tautomeric metal complexes. The efficient and reversible photoswitching in spin-crossover species was achieved using the Ligand-Driven Light-Induced Spin Change (LD-LISC) effect and proceeds in solution and in the solid state. The switching of valence-tautomeric cobalt complexes was accomplished by two novel effects: Coordination-Induced Valence Tautomerism (CIVT) and Ligand-Driven Light-Induced Valence Tautomerism (LD-LIVT), both developed in our group. To this end, we demonstrated that magnetic properties of isolated molecules can be conveniently switched at room temperature. Modulation of magnetic properties at molecular level at ambient conditions may open new horizons in development of ultra-high-density memory units and molecular sensors.

Biography:

Jijeesh R Nair obtained his European Doctorate degree (2010) in Materials Science & Technology from Politecnico di Torino, Italy. He is a co-author of 50 publications published in peer reviewed ISI journals. He has attended 30+ conferences in Italy and abroad. In 2010, he won the Oronzio and Niccolo' De Nora Foundation Prize of the Italian Chemical Society. In 2012, he won the most prestigious ENI AWARD 2012 –Debut in research category from the Italian President Giorgio Napolitano. He has been serving as an Editorial Board Member as well as reviewer of several reputed international Journals.

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Abstract:

Polymer electrolytes (PEs) exhibit unique advantages such as mechanical integrity, wide variety of fabrication methods in desirable size and shape, possibility to fabricate an intimate electrode/electrolyte interface and adapt to a lightweight, leak proof construction, safety and economic packaging structure. Free radical photo-polymerization (UV-curing) can be an interesting alternative process to produce polymer electrolytes for Li-ion batteries. It takes place at ambient temperature: a liquid polyfunctional monomer, containing a proper photo-initiator, forms a cross-linked film upon UV irradiation. It appears highly advantageous, due to its easiness and rapidity in processing, very short time with high efficiency and eco-friendliness as the use of solvent is avoided. In the present work, profoundly ion conducting, self-standing and tack-free ethylene oxide based PEs encompassing a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL)/Tetraglyme with specific amounts of lithium salt are successfully prepared via UV curing process. All the prepared materials are thoroughly characterized in terms of their physical, chemical and morphological properties, and eventually galvanostatically cycled in lab-scale lithium batteries (LIBs). The Polymer Electrolytes exhibited excellent ionic conductivity, electrochemical stability (>5V vs. Li+/Li), and stable interfacial resistance. At 20°C the conductivity value is equal to 4×10-4 Scm-1 and it exceeds 10-3 Scm-1 at 50°C. The lab-scale Li-polymer cell assembled demonstrated stable charge/discharge characteristics without any capacity (150 mAh g-1) fading. The overall performance of the SPEs postulates the possibility of effective implementation in the next generation of safe, durable and high energy density secondary all-solid Li-metal polymer batteries working at ambient and/or sub-ambient temperatures.

Biography:

Urs Meier has held various positions at the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa). In 1983, he rose to the rank of the Managing Director of Empa in Dubendorf, a position that he held until his recent retirement. In addition, he has also been Professor at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich. Over the years, his accomplishments in the application of fibrous polymer based composites in civil engineering have had a tremendous impact on the field. Especially noteworthy is his work on the post-strengthening of civil structures with carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer strips, which has been successfully implemented at a growing rate worldwide and the application of CFRP stay-and post-tensioning cables.

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Abstract:

After a short review of the historical development of the time-temperature superposition principle, its application for the extrapolation of creep modulus curves will be discussed with the help of two examples. Conditions for the applicability of the principle for fibrous polymer composites will be pointed out. The normalization of the measured data will be revealed. The construction of the master creep modulus curve will be demonstrated in detail. The extrapolated values resulting from the superposition of short-term creep data of an unsaturated polyester-glass fiber composite are going to be compared with the results of long-term creep experiments. Based on this outcome, it can be concluded that the time‐temperature superposition principle is for the prediction of long‐term creep behavior a suitable tool for R&D‐laboratories to get a good impression about the tendency of the long‐term creep behavior of fibrous composites.

Biography:

Yong-Hoon Cho received his Ph.D. degree in Solid State Physics from Seoul National University, Korea in 1997. He is currently the KAIST-Chair Professor, the Head of Department of Physics, the Director of KAIST Center for LED Research, and the Chief of Educational Program for LED. He has more than 229 refereed international publications and 310 international conferences presentations. He has served as a Editorial Board Member of Scientific Reports, Associate Editor of IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology, and Associate Editor of AAPPS Bulletin.

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Abstract:

Group III-nitride semiconductor nanostructures have attracted much attention due to their rich and unique optical properties and their versatile applications. Here, we present various nitride-based quantum nanostructures grown on pyramidal, annular, columnar, and tapered structures by using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). First, we demonstrated multi-color and broadband visible light emitting diodes based on GaN hexagonal nano-pyramid and annular structures. Second, GaN-based rod structures were directly fabricated on Si substrates and then InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (QWs) were deposited on the surface of GaN rods. By using tapered GaN/InGaN core−shell QW semiconductor rods having a large gradient in their bandgap energy along their growth direction, highly asymmetric photonic diode behavior was observed. Finally, we demonstrate a novel approach of the self-aligned deterministic coupling of single quantum dots (QDs) to nanofocused plasmonic modes. Using this approach, we achieved strong spontaneous emission enhancement of QDs over a wide spectral range of ~150 meV.

Biography:

Philippe Miele received his PhD in Inorganic Chemistry in 1993 at the University of Montpellier (France) and completed Postdoctoral study at Georgia Institute of Technology (Atlanta, GA, USA). He is Director of the European Institute of Membranes in Montpellier. He has co-authored around 200 papers in international journals, 10 patents and has given 35 invited talks in international congresses. He has been elected in 2011 at the "World Academy of Ceramics" as Professional Member (Academician) and is affiliated with the class "Science".

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Abstract:

The development of new materials, with the goal to meet the needs of near-future technological challenges in energy or environment issues particularly, is strongly dependent on the elaboration of ceramics with suitable morphologies, shapes and enhanced properties. This ambitious goal can be achieved by both the utilization of non-conventional chemical methods and the related preparation of tailored precursors. In the case of non-oxide ceramics, the so-called Polymer Derived Ceramics route is a suitable and useful process for preparing various inorganic materials with a controlled chemical composition and in complex shapes, exploiting the potential of numerous shaping processes. The general strategy to produce such materials can be described as a molecule-to-ceramic conversion, involving a complex sequence of physical and chemical modifications. This process can be divided into two sub-processes both starting from a single-source molecular precursor. The first route lies on the creation of polymeric intermediates, allowing a subsequent shaping step whereas the second method is related to a one-step access to specific shapes. In this contribution, several examples of shaped-polymer derived nano-ceramics will illustrate this elegant method as well as their use in energy applications, particularly for hydrogen storage. We will focus on boron- and silicon-based PDCs displaying various forms and sizes, including monolith-type foams with hierarchical porosity, nanostructures including nanopowders and nanopolyhedrons, nanocomposites. Micro, meso-materials and other types of materials will be also described.

Biography:

Mario Pablo Spector is Director of the Materials Laboratory at National Technological University in the City of Parana (Argentina) and teaches Metallurgy at a secondary technical school. His main field of research interest is implantable metallic prostheses. The Laboratory he leads performs work for companies and hospitals, especially in connection with the quality of the material, machining, and finish of metal prostheses, and prepares university students in the Metallurgy field. "Applied research" is also an important aspect in his work, focusing on the area of Micro-Bio-Metallurgy, in terms of the relationship between metals and bacteria.

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Abstract:

Cognitive processes seem to be highly activated when curiosity intervenes as motivational energy in the classroom. This conclusion is reached after a teaching experience in a metallurgy class, with students from a technical school with low interest in learning and studying. Unlike the traditional sequence of teaching materials in which crystalline and atomic models are studied from the literature to later arrive at a phase diagram; this experience begins directly in the laboratory with students doing cooling curves for the alloy of two metals. After this, students make metallographic specimens with the solidification obtained. This experience results in a research activity by which students observe a phenomenon, measure values, verify changes and transform two metals in a number of phases before they study the theory. In this way, students understand the theoretical explanation as a necessary element to further delve into the scientific activity as opposed to pre-established knowledge that is imposed on them.

Biography:

S Rajendran holds MSc, MPhil, PhD degrees and is an Associate Professor at Saraswathi Narayanan College and a Coordinator of Unit of Rural Biotechnology at Saraswathi Narayanan College, India. He has over 50 scientific papers and projects either presented or published. He is an internationally recognized Expert in many areas of Environmental biology including solid waste management, waste water treatment, anaerobic digestion, biofuel, bioenergy production and formulator of bio-pesticide and herbicide. He is serving as a Reviewer in many biological journals. He has delivered a key note speech in various international conferences and also given invited lectures in various educational institutions and universities. He has also chaired the scientific sessions in conferences. He is one of the leading Scientific Writers in Tamil Dailies. He has conducted more than 30 scientific workshops for the upliftment of rural people and women self help groups. He also had given training to municipalities employees about garbage disposal. His excellence in environmental science he was awarded with Patron of Environment by Tamil Nadu Government in 2006. He also is serving as a Consultant in many of the environmental organizations. His research group is actively working in the following aspects: MSW management, mushroom culture, biofuel generation, waste water treatment and bio-pesticide and herbicide development. His work in biological derustification is a novel pioneer technique and growing area in the environmental biotechnology. He obtained his degrees from Saraswathi Narayanan College, Madurai Kamaraj University, India.

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Abstract:

Rust is the reddish brown oxide of iron formed by the action of moisture and oxygen on the metal. It is an electrochemical corrosion which weaking the iron structures. It was estimated that the corrosion alone causing a loss of over $5000 bn USD to global economy every year. According to a recent report of NACE the corrosion cost in any developing countries predicated by 5% of the GDP, for India the cost of corrosion is estimated to be Rs 1.52 lakh crores per year. All available methods for rust removal and corrosion prevention are having their own limitations. Therefore, it is an urgent need to find out suitable method to check the corrosion. A fungal based biological derustification process was observed and reported by us already. This present investigation deals with our further experiments and experiences on the fungal based technology for iron rust removal. The derustification process was repeated once again to conform the reproducibility of the technology in polybag fermenters. Rusty iron mesh which were rolled in the form of cylinders were placed in the fermenters to expose them to the aerosol particles generated by the fungus. The rate of derustification was noted. Attempts were also made to enhance the aerosol generation from the substrate (straw) by coconut water supplementation. It was observed that the rusty metals placed in the supplemented substrate where derusted quickly then the raw substrate. Various level of supplementation was also correlated with rate of derustification. Further works on rust removal process are under progress.

Biography:

Bashar Mudhaffar Abdullah has completed his PhD at the age of 32 years from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia and postdoctoral studies from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, School of Chemical Science and Food Technology. He is the visiting research fellow at Universiti of Malaya, Clinical Investigation Centre. He has published more than 36 papers in reputed journals and more than 39 International Conferences.

Abstract:

In this study, lipid fraction of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) seed was extracted and analyzed for toxicological effect. The toxicological compound such as linamarin in rubber seed oil (RSO) extracted using different solvents, such as hexane (RSOh), mixture of chloroform + methanol (RSOchl+mth) and ethanol (RSOeth) were also studied. Various methods analysis such as Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), shrimps, colorimetric and rats methods were carried out to determine the present of such compounds. FTIR spectrum of RSO did not show any presence of cyanide peak. Bioassay experiments using shrimps had been used as test organisms to evaluate the toxicity of linamarin extract from RSOh, RSOchl+mth and RSOeth and LC50 were found to be (211.70 %, 139.40 %, and 117.41 %, respectively). The determination of cyanide by using colorimetric method was demonstrated no response of the cyanide in RSO and didn’t show any colored comparing with commercial cyanide which observed blue color. The results showed that no functional groups such as cyanide associated with linamarin were observed. Toxicological test using rats was also conducted to further confirm the absence of such compounds. RSO did not show any toxic potential to the rats. This can be attributed no hazardous linamarin were found in RSO.

Biography:

Yaakov Anker has completed his PhD at 2008 from the Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences of the Tel Aviv University. At a Post-doctoral position he managed the Tel Aviv University laboratory of remote sensing. At present he is the Director of the Environmental Research Department at the Samaria and Jordan Rift R&D center. He has published more than 20 papers and book chapters in refereed publications. He is also a faculty member at the Ariel University Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering and a member of the AGU, IGU, IPBES and other professional organizations.

Abstract:

Development of constructed bio-filters for wastewater treatment is an emerging branch of bio-remediation engineering. The careful design of such systems can produce facilities with similar capabilities as industrial activated systems, with the benefit of reduces energy consumption and higher sustainability. While constructed bio-filters are usually with low environmental imprint, some systems are already acknowledged as Best Available Technic for Integrative Pollution Prevention and Control (BAT-Bio-IPPC). The basic concept of operation is transferring the polluted influent through a series of different bioreactors that may be activated or not, aerobic, anaerobic, anoxic and with different physical properties. Each reactor is actually a diverse habitat, which differs in both flora and biochemical impact. When designed properly, sequential process in a system consisting of several bioreactors may be a very efficient Bio-IPPC solution to various pollution scenarios. One of the most significant parameters in the structure of the system is the aggregate used as medium for the biological films. The most common application is of carbonate aggregates, nevertheless since carbonates are reactive to water solutions they are not the optimal strata. Our research had shown that the best natural aggregate is of volcanic origin, demonstrating resilience to weathering, as well as high porosity and specific surface, which encourage bio-films development. This research also included evaluation of artificial aggregates and in particular, bottom coal ash, construction residue and plastic medium. The comparison results demonstrated that plastics lack resilience and between non-carbonate construction residue and bottom coal ash the second is better owing to higher porosity.

Biography:

Masood Ayoub Kaloo recently completed his PhD from Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, India. His research focus includes design, synthesis and development of novel materials for environmental, biological and photo/electronic applications.

Abstract:

Perylenebisimides (PBIs) are highly rhobust, extensively conjugated organic materials with unique optical and redox properties. Presence of imide functionalities impart PBI a highly electron-deficient nature and hence n-type semiconductivity. The dyes can be reduced to corresponding radical anions, hence potential to store electrical energy. For the first time, we attempted to reduce this dye via interface with anions in organic media (THF, DMSO). A drastic modulation of their absorption and emission properties was noticed in solution (panchromatic UV-Vis-NIR and Quenching). The reduction processes was proposed to be a Single Electron Tranfer (SET) from anion to PBI. SET phenomenon was further facilitated by incorporation of electron-with drawing substituents in bay region. The reduced PBIs were regenerated through specific chemical inputs with high redox-potential like (Zr4+, Fe3+, etc.,). The anion/cation executed switching behaviour was fully established through EPR, apart from electrochemistry and spectroscopy (absorption and emission). The stablilty of EPR active anion radical state in TLC or colum chromatography, was explored for moleculary memory. The reversible and reconfigurable magnetic sequences were visualized in the form of a feedback loop, with EPR active outputs (µa), demonstrating a data storage feature with the “write–read–erase” function. The phenomenon of bi-stable behaviour “magnetic to non magnetic” presented in this study signify a promising asset for futuristic non-volatile memory. In this presentation, design, development, exploration of PBIs as materilas of choice with promising information storage capability will be discussed. In addition to this, their structural tuning and interation with anions will be throughly presented.

Biography:

E Brandaleze has completed her PhD in National University of Rosario. She is the Head of the Metallurgy Department of the Tecnological National University from Argentina. She also is the Vice-Director of DEYTEMA Center at the same university. She has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.

Abstract:

In this study the deformation mechanisms in steels with high carbon content (> 0.8% C) cold drawn studied. Plastic deformation phenomena promote dissolution of cementite in pearlite, achieving high strength and ductility. For this reason, these steels are used in critical applications such as cranes or support cables of suspension bridges. With the aim of studying the stability of iron carbides that impact in increasing the mechanical properties are tested to failure in torsion, two wire samples processed under the same conditions. These have different behaviour; one suffered fracture plane (normal) and a delaminated fracture. To this end, studies of optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. In addition, assays differential thermal analysis (DTA / DSC) and applying thermodynamic simulation FactSage to evaluate the stability of carbides are made. The results show heterogeneity between the central and peripheral zone of both wires and the presence of the phenomenon of curling (curling). Both phenomena are more pronounced in standard wire on greater plasticity. The phenomenon of precipitation of carbides epsilon diffusion of carbon in the ferrite-pearlite interface justifying increased mechanical strength is identified.

Biography:

Mario Pablo Spector is Director of the Materials Laboratory at National Technological University in the City of Parana (Argentina) and teaches Metallurgy at a secondary technical school. His main field of research interest is implantable metallic prostheses. The Laboratory he leads performs work for companies and hospitals, especially in connection with the quality of the material, machining, and finish of metal prostheses, and prepares university students in the Metallurgy field. "Applied research" is also an important aspect in his work, focusing on the area of Micro-Bio-Metallurgy, in terms of the relationship between metals and bacteria.

Abstract:

Cognitive processes seem to be highly activated when curiosity intervenes as motivational energy in the classroom. This conclusion is reached after a teaching experience in a metallurgy class, with students from a technical school with low interest in learning and studying. Unlike the traditional sequence of teaching materials in which crystalline and atomic models are studied from the literature to later arrive at a phase diagram; this experience begins directly in the laboratory with students doing cooling curves for the alloy of two metals. After this, students make metallographic specimens with the solidification obtained. This experience results in a research activity by which students observe a phenomenon, measure values, verify changes and transform two metals in a number of phases before they study the theory. In this way, students understand the theoretical explanation as a necessary element to further delve into the scientific activity as opposed to pre-established knowledge that is imposed on them.

Biography:

Dr Khalid Fared Ahmed is an Assistant Professor of Physical Chemistry Department in Buraydah colleges – Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Abstract:

Aerospace gas turbine engines are now designed such that the heat resistant super alloys operate at temperature very close to their melting, so current strategies for performance improvement are centered on thermal barrier coatings. Lower thermal conductivities lead to temperature reductions at the substrate/bond coat interface which slows the rate of the thermally induced failure mechanisms. Alternatively, lower thermal conductivity TBC layers might allow designers to reduce the TBC thickness there by decreasing the significant centrifugal load that the mass of the TBC imposes on the rotating turbine engine components. One approach to improve TBC system is to optimize the pore morphologies in order to reduce the thermal conductivity while still retaining high in-plane compliance. The second approach to improve TBC system performance is to optimize the surface microstructure, surface densification, phase structures mechanical characteristic, chemical structure, and thermo-physical properties. The main focus of this work is to study the influence of Al PO4 (and laser)-sealed ZrO2-MgO coatings on thermal barrier coating system comprised of zirconia stabilized with magnesia top coat to predict the best improvement of TBC system and to optimize the surface microstructure, surface densification, phase structures, mechanical characteristic, chemical structure, and thermo-physical properties as well as their properties with those obtained using reference techniques. Thermal expansion studies were used to study the high temperature stability of the different coatings (reference and modified coatings) structures. As low thermal conductivity is one of the most important features of TBC, thermal diffusivity and specific heat measurements were carried out. Also the mechanical measurements (e.g., micro-hardness, tensile bond strength, young's modulus), phase analyses using XRD and chemical analysis using Electron Dispersive X-ray (EDX) for elemental analysis in scanning microscopy studies.

Biography:

Sheila Devasahayam has received her PhD from University of Queensland, National Metallurgical Laboratory-CSIR and University of Madras, India. She has completed her Postdoctoral studies from Stanford University of Sydney and UNSW, Australia. She has published more than 35 papers in reputed journals/books.

Abstract:

Metallurgy is an energy and emission intensive process and consume non-renewables such as metallurgical coke. The current global trend to move away from a carbon based fuel to reduce carbon pollution and tariff has seen the mineral sector advance clean energy options for its operations. Use of waste materials, are cheaper and alternative options to reduce the emissions drastically while reducing the process temperatures in many metallurgical operations including in iron making. Waste plastics are good source of hydrogen and carbon providing a good reducing atmosphere to many high temperature processes. In addition they also act as sink for greenhouse gases thus reducing their foot print. Plastics with advanced material properties can replace some of the additives currently used in metallurgical processes thus saving on costs. Millions of tons of plastics end up in landfills and oceans each year, between 22 percent and 43 percent of the plastic used worldwide is disposed of in landfills, where its resources are wasted. This presentation explores the means to reduce the energy requirement, consumption of non-renewable resources and also to abate the emissions in metallurgical operations.

Biography:

Michael W. Tausch studied chemistry at the Polytechnic Institute of Bucharest, Romania, from 1967 to 1972. He subsequently studied mathematics and educational sciences in Bremen and Oldenburg, both Germany, and received his Ph.D from the University of Bremen in 1981. He was a teacher for chemistry and mathematics from 1976–1996. In 1996, he completed his habilitation at the University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany and became Professor for Chemistry and Chemical Education there. In 2005, he moved to the Department for Chemistry Didactics at Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Germany. He has published more than 222 papers and textbooks.

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Abstract:

A fundamental demand on science education today is to communicate core principles of chemistry, physics, biology and informatics in close combination with everyday life experiences of students as well as with convincing applications from modern science and technology. Photochemical and photophysical processes are par excellence suitable to fulfill this requirement. Therefore research in science education is challenged to develop experiments, concepts and teaching materials which help to interpret and communicate photoprocesses in a manner, that it is both, exciting and understandable. Adequate teaching concepts, experiments and materials have bridge the gap between the state of the art in science and technology and the everyday educational activities in high schools, colleges and universities. Starting from N. J. Turro’s paradigm of the excited states of molecules as “the heart of all photoprocesses” and their interpretation as “an electronic isomer of the ground state”, a set of variations of this big idea, related models and further teaching materials have been developed in order to introduce and investigate different types of photoprocesses without and with chemical transformation. In this lecture a series of experiments leading to the concepts of photo-, chemo- and electroluminescence, energy and electron transfer, photoisomerization and photosteady will be presented and discussed together with actual applications of these phenomena. Using selected classes of photoprocesses a gradual theoretical approach based on experimental observations will be proposed. As an example the fluorescence will be exemplified and discussed from the simple case of a luminescent dye in solution until the luminescence depletion or amplification in aggregated systems.

Biography:

Rubén D. Costa got his Ph.D. on the design of ionic transition-metal complexes for thin-film lighting sources at the Institute of Molecular Science in 2010. From 2011 to 2013, he was a Humboldt Postdoc at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) working on nanocarbon-based solar cells. Since 2013, he is junior group leader at the FAU. His current research interest concerns the design of new hybrid materials (organic/inorganic) and their utilization in thin-film optoelectronics, in which he is considered as a well-established researcher. This is supported by the h-index (h=25) and the number of citations (>1800), publications (>70), and awards/scholarships (15).

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Abstract:

Hybrid organic-inorganic materials are heralded to head into the next generation of lighting technologies. In this context, our efforts encompass three main actions, namely the development of suitable third-generation of electroluminescent materials for ionic-based lighting devices, the application of nanocarbon-based hybrids in lighting devices, and the development of bio-inspired components for lighting, energy conversion, and diagnostic applications. Herein, the implementation of the third generation of materials – i.e., lighting perovskite nanoparticles, small molecules, and copper(I) complexes – for light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) will be presented as new approaches to develop deep-red, blue, and white lighting sources.1 Finally, a new strategy to stabilize any type of bio-components – i.e., enzymes, fluorescent proteins, etc.  in a rubber‐like material will be described. As an example, the latter was applied to fabricate the first bio-inspired hybrid light-emitting diodes featuring a bottom-up energy transfer protein-based cascade coatings. The synergy between the excellent features of fluorescent proteins and the easily processed rubber produces bio‐HLEDs with less than 10% loss in luminous efficiency over 100 hours.

Biography:

Marc Devocelle has completed his PhD at the University of Lille (France) under contract with a pharmaceutical company. He subsequently joined RCSI in 1999 as a postdoctoral researcher and became manager of the Peptide Synthesis Laboratory in 2000. He has since been appointed as a Lecturer in 2004, a Senior Lecturer in 2008 and an Associate Professor of Chemistry in 2014. His laboratory is involved in over 25 collaborations with 14 academic groups across 8 HEIs in Ireland, 2 SMEs and 1 MNC.

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Abstract:

Peptides are essential biomolecules with widespread applications, including pharmaceutical, biotechnological and in biomaterials. They are in particular an emerging class of new therapeutic candidates, but their clinical development can be limited by a number of shortcomings. Conjugation to polymers and peptidomimetic conversion are among the main technologies which have been successfully implemented to improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of peptides and proteins. In this research, both novel functionalised linear poly(ethylene glycol)s for peptide conjugation and polymer-based peptidomimetics are presented. In the former case, modified PEG backbones with high peptide loading capacities were synthesised and different conjugation chemistries investigated for their functionalization. The candidates produced can be used as peptide-based targeted drug delivery vehicles, nanomedicines or polymeric prodrugs. In the latter case, 2 classes of biologically active peptides were subjected to the novel peptidomimetic conversion. The candidates generated by this approach can reproduce or surpass the biological activity of their parent peptides, while displaying no toxicity (determined by epithelial cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, plasma membrane permeability and nuclear morphology). The performances of some of these candidates are close to those of reference commercial reagents.

Biography:

Martin Baumgarten has completed his PhD in 1988 from the Free University of Berlin and went for Postdoctoral studies to Princeton University. Since 1990 he is a Project Head at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research and habilitated later and became Professor at the Johannes Gutenberg-University in Mainz. He has coauthored more than 250 papers in reputed journals.

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Abstract:

Starting from cyclopentadithiophene-benzothisdiazoles, we varied the side chains from hexadecyl to branched decyl-tetradecyl ones and further included linear cis and trans-alkenes which had a major influence on the backbone packing. We further concluded to strengthen the acceptor part upon introducing thiadiazoloquinoxalines leading to a lowering of the LUMO levels and more suited ambipolar character. Upon condensation of the diamino benzothiadiazoles with benzodithiophene-dione phenthrene-dione and phenanthroline-dione the acceptor part could be further strengthened and open a variety of new copolymers and small molecule acceptor structures.

Biography:

Jorge Teno Díaz received his degree in Materials Engineering in 2013 from the University Rey Juan Carlos (Spain). He received his master degree also in Structural Materials for New Technologies in 2014 from the University Rey Juan Carlos and University Carlos III of Madrid. Since 2015 Jorge Teno Díaz is doing his Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering Department from University Carlos III of Madrid in the research group of Professor González-Benito. His current research activities focus on characterization of nanocomposite materials produced by Solution Blow Spinning technique, using a variety of microscopic imaging methods, FT-IR spectroscopy and fluorescence based methods.

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Abstract:

In Polymer Science, knowing macromolecular chains dynamics (i.e. how and why they move) is one of the most important issues to understand properties of polymers. In this sense, a good starting point might be to know if certain motions of a group or groups of atoms is the main driving force of the polymer dynamics. Therefore, instruments capable of extracting information at a local scale are essential to carry out these studies. However, the most conventional techniques used to give information about polymers dynamics are based on signals coming from changes occurring in the sample as a whole. This is the case of the differential scanning calorimetry, DSC, which measures changes in the heat capacity or the dynamic mechanical analysis, DMA, which monitors the change in the modulus of a material. Although in both cases results can be interpreted from changes in the local dynamics, the direct information from those molecular sites are not actually obtained. In fact, the deductive thought starts from a macroscopic information given by the experiments whose molecular origin will be speculations the most of times. Therefore, the way of avoiding this kind of speculations would be to achieve information at a molecular scale sensitive to the polymers relaxations or to the motions of polymers chains. Infrared spectroscopy and fluorimetry by using fluorescent labels seem to be the answer since they are very easy handling and low cost techniques. In polymers spectroscopy the study of band shapes and widths is a common practice since they are related to the distribution of different local environments experienced by the absorbing or emitting groups. In this communication, by using some examples, useful basics about infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence will be given in order to study and interpret macromolecular dynamics in polymers and polymer composites.

Biography:

Prof. Dr. Werner Karl Schomburg obtained his diploma in theoretical physics at the University of Kiel in 1983. In 1987 at the University of Munich he obtained his Ph.D. in experimental nuclear physics. He then was working for the LIGA process at Karlsruhe and became leader of a group developing low-cost micro fluidic devices from polymers. Since 2004 Prof. Schomburg has been head of a research group at RWTH Aachen University. His research interests are ultrasonic fabri¬ca-tion of micro devices from thermoplastic polymers. From 2006 to 2009 he was every year teaching for 3 weeks at Tsinghua University at Beijing. Recently, the 2nd edition of his book “Introduction to Microsystem Design” has been issued. He has published more than 220 scientific papers.

To present & exhibit your MATERIALS @ our upcoming series PS: Materials Conferences | Materials Chemistry Conferences | Materials Chemistry 2020

Abstract:

Ultrasonic fabrication is a new way to generate microfluidic chips. Micro channels are pro-duced by ultrasonic hot embossing with a commercially available ultrasonic welding machine in a few seconds. A stack of polymer films is placed onto a tool with protruding micro structures. The stack is pressed onto the tool and ultrasonic vibrations generate friction heat and melt the polymer. The polymer adapts to the shape of the micro structures on the tool and har¬dens again by cooling down after the ultrasound is switched off. Then a single micro patterned piece of polymer is removed from the tool. A new tool can be fabricated by milling of an aluminum plate within a few hours. Therefore, this process requires both investment costs of a few 10,000 € and cycle times of a few seconds. Besides this, the fabrication can be changed to a new design or a new polymer in a few hours or a few minutes, respectively. Nearly every thermoplastic polymer can be processed this way. By ultrasonic welding, micro channels generated by ultrasonic hot embossing are closed with a lid or another micro patterned layer. This way, chemical micro reactors, micro systems for bio-logical investigations and analysis chips for disease diagnosis have been fabricated. In Fig. 2 there are shown on the left a polymer chip including micro structures for intercepting bubbles, a mixer and a cuvette. In the middle of Fig. 2 there is seen a cut through the micro nozzle on a chemical micro reactor. The nozzle has a circular cross-section and was made of two ultra¬sonically hot embossed polymer layers welded on top of each other. On the right of the same figure there is shown a heat exchanger with three layers of micro channels on top of each other.

Biography:

M. Gracia García-Martín received her Ph.D. degree in Pharmacy from the University of Seville (Spain) in 1985, in the carbohydrate chemistry field. She got a Fulbright Postdoctoral Fellowship to move to Ohio State University (USA, 1986-88). She was appointed Tenure Professor at the Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of the University of Seville in 1990, and accredited to Full Professor in 2014. She has published about 40 scientific papers in reputed journals. Her current research interest focuses on the preparation of sugar-based monomers for the synthesis and characterization of biodegradable polymers for biomedical applications.

To present & exhibit your MATERIALS @ our upcoming series PS: Materials Conferences | Materials Chemistry Conferences | Materials Chemistry 2020

Abstract:

The development of biocompatible synthetic polymers is an emergent research field because they are specially demanded for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Materials of this kind are scarcely obtained from natural resources. Being petroleum the main source, the low biocompatibility and biodegradability of synthetic petroleum-based polymers have focused the interest in natural renewing resources for the chemical synthesis of polymers. Some biobased materials are being prepared from biobased monomers to increase biocontent, while other systems provide total biorenewable materials for the chemical synthesis of polymers. Since biocompatibility and biodegradability are inherent features of carbohydrates, which are the most representative example of readiliy available natural renewable resources, synthetic carbohydrate-based polymers generate great expectations. They can be obtained from readily availabe monosaccharides such as glucose, galctose, xilose, arabinose, among others. However, the synthesis of the monosaccharide-based monomers implies, for instance, previous protection of hydroxyl groups or activation of unreactive carboxylic acid groups. In addition to their multiple functionalities, they present wide stereochemical diversity, thus these synthetic polymers would be able to mimic functional biological polymers. On the other hand, the hydrophilic nature of the resulting materials affords enhanced hydrolytic degradability. Carbohydrate-based polymers such as polyamides, polyesters, polyesteramides, polycarbonates, polyureas, polyurethanes and polytriazoles have been prepared, as well as chemical modifications of commercial petroleum-based polymers like PET.

Biography:

Michael W. Tausch studied chemistry at the Polytechnic Institute of Bucharest, Romania, from 1967 to 1972. He subsequently studied mathematics and educational sciences in Bremen and Oldenburg, both Germany, and received his Ph.D from the University of Bremen in 1981. He was a teacher for chemistry and mathematics from 1976–1996. In 1996, he completed his habilitation at the University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany and became Professor for Chemistry and Chemical Education there. In 2005, he moved to the Department for Chemistry Didactics at Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Germany. He has published more than 222 papers and textbooks.

Abstract:

For investigating successfully, the mechanisms and techniques of light conversion into other energies, including energy storage in high energetic chemical compounds, we have to learn from nature. Doing so we realize that effective biological systems like those in green leaves and in human eyes are in fact photoactive nano machines. That’s, why I say “Photo & Nano is a successful couple in using solar radiation on this planet”. So we have to search for artificial nano systems able to do act as photocatalysts. A model experiment called Photo-Blue-Bottle PBB simulating the natural cycle of photosynthesis and respiration has been developed and will be presented in this talk. It is practicable in homogeneous as well as in heterogeneous systems. There are following similarities between the reaction cycles in the PBB experiment and the natural cycles of photosynthesis and respiration: i) the carbon cycle in natural photosynthesis and respiration is similar to the substrate (ethylviologene) cycle in the PBB experiment, ii) the photocatalyst (proflavine or titanium dioxide) in the experiment works in principle similar like chlorophylls and other pigments in green leaves, iii) the photocatalytic active species must absorb the available light, iv) all reactions occur in aqueous solution, v) the oxidizing agent is oxygen from air in both cases, vi) the reduction needs light as driving force and vii) in the PBB experiment as well as in the natural photosynthesis light is converted into chemical energy and stored in the reduced substrate. The different versions of the PBB experiment suitable for investigating i) – vii) will be carried out at this conference in the workshop “Conversion of Light into Chemical Energy”.

Biography:

Abstract:

We report on the synthesis of kilometers of continuous macroscopic fibers made up of carbon nanotubes (CNT) of controlled number of layers, ranging from singlewalled to multiwalled, tailored by the addition of sulfur as a catalyst promoter during chemical vapor deposition in the direct fiber spinning process. The progressive transition from single-walled through collapsed double-walled to multiwalled is clearly seen by an upshift in the 2D (G′) band and by other Raman spectra features. The increase in number of CNT layers and inner diameter results in a higher fibre macroscopic linear density and greater reaction yield (up to 9%). Through a combination of multiscale characterization techniques (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, organic elemental analysis, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and synchrotron XRD) we establish the composition of the catalyst particles and position in the isothermal section of the C−Fe−S ternary diagram at 1400 °C. This helps explain the unusually low proportion of active catalyst particles in the direct spinning process (<0.1%) and the role of S in limiting C diffusion and resulting in catalyst particles not being in thermodynamic equilibrium with solid carbon, therefore producing graphitic edge growth instead of encapsulation. The increase in CNT layers is a consequence of particle coarsening and the ability of larger catalyst particles to accommodate more layers for the same composition. We further present the distribution of CNT chiralities obtained from ED, Raman spectroscopy and Emission spectra and discuss these findings in the context of the current screw dislocation growth model accepted in the field. Finally, we show the application of basic polymer fibre spinning principles to produce highly oriented CNT fibres by reducing entanglements in the gas phase through CNT dilution. The resulting fibres have tensile properties superior to those of Kevlar, high electrical conductivity and a very large surface area. The exploitation of these properties in sensors, supercapacitors and other devices is briefly demonstrated.

Biography:

Claudio Pettinari is full professor of General and Inorganic Chemistry at Camerino University since 2010. He has published more than 330 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute. Winner of the Nasini Prize and Bonati Medal from the Italian Chemical Society, Member of the Lisbon Academy of Science, Member of the Advisory Board of Organometallics, Inorg. Chim. Acta and Bioinorg. Chem. App. Chair of the Internayon School of Organometallic Chemistry.

Abstract:

Coordination polymers (CPs) [1] has recorded a massive expansion in the past two decades, due to the promising functionalities they may possess, ranging from magnetism [2], to catalytic activity [3], as well as, when permanent porosity is present, gas storage [4] or separation [4]. The huge importance of these materials is manifested by the great interest they have raised even at the industrial level [5]. Due to the possibility of tuning the stereochemistry at the metal ions, by changing hapticity, size, shape and functionality of the ligands/spacers, and influencing the metal centre through steric and electronic effects, CPs can exhibit important advantages, with respect to inorganic polymeric materials, mainly in terms of versatility of the possible architectural topologies that can be constructed. Taking into account that azolates are polytopic synthons suitable to generate CPs frameworks, in the recent years we studied the interaction of several metal ions with dinitrogen ligands obtaining different compounds depending on the reaction conditions and counter-ion choice. Here we want present an overview on poly(pyrazole)- and poly(pyrazolate)-based CPs, built up with selected transition metals – namely copper, zinc, cobalt, cadmium, nickel, silver and iron - that have been prepared and characterized in the last period. The description of the complexes will be complemented by information on their thermal behaviour, main structural aspects and, whenever investigated, their functional properties.

Biography:

Shi Xue Dou is Distingiushed Professor and Director of the Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong. He received his PhD in Chemistry in 1984 at Dalhousie University, Canada and DSc at the University of New South Wales in 1998. He was elected as a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Technological Science and Engineering in 1994. He was awarded the Australian Government’s Centenary Medal in 2003 for his contribution to materials science and engineering and Australian Professorial Fellowships by Australian Research Council in 1993, 2002 and 2007, respectively. He is a program leader for Automotive Corporative Research Centre - 2020. His research interest includes energy storage, superconductors and electronic materials. He has supervised 70 PhD students , more than 50 postdoctoral and visiting fellows who have been widely spread within broad scientific and technological field in five continents.

Abstract:

Energy storage has become a game changer in entire energy system and critical element for integration of renewable energy to power supply system. Rapid increase in renewable energy leads to smart buildings, smart grid and smart cities but these are impossible without energy storage. We have pursued a smart sodium storage system to be an alternative to Li ion battery (LIB) as sodium ion battery (SIB) is technically competitive and commercially advantageous vs LIB. We report synthesis of uniform yolk-shell iron sulphide/carbon nano-spheres as cathode materials for the emerging sodium sulfide battery to achieve remarkable high capacity, delivering energy density even higher than Li ion battery. The low-cost and sustainable Na/FeS@C battery with ultrahigh energy density is a promising candidate for stationary energy storage. 3D nitrogen chemically modified graphene can be used as anode to significantly improve the overall performance of sodium ion battery, delivered high initial reversible capacity much higher than the state-the-art anode for Li ion battery. N-doping induced defects to facilitate the diffusion of the large-size sodium ions, enhance the storage of sodium ions and minimize the effect of volume expansion during discharge–charge processes. We developed a scalable ultrasonic exfoliation technique to synthesize MoS2 nano-sheets to achieve high-rate transportation of sodium ions when used as anode materials in sodium-ion batteries. MoS2 nano-sheets exhibit a high, reversible sodium storage capacity and excellent cyclability. A novel Sn-P composite in large quantities is prepared by direct low-speed ball milling of the P and Sn using CMC binder delivered high discharge capacity and a good cycle life. As a general approach, a bottom-up method is proposed to synthesis ultrathin 2D transitional metal oxide nano-sheets from molecules for broad range of electrode materials preparation which has high surface area and high reactivity.

Biography:

Sheila Devasahayam has received her PhD from University of Queensland, National Metallurgical Laboratory-CSIR and University of Madras, India. She has completed her Postdoctoral studies from Stanford University of Sydney and UNSW, Australia. She has published more than 35 papers in reputed journals/books.

Abstract:

Australia has major reserves of black and brown coals with very low impurities. But some coal’s 48-70% moisture content badly reduces their heat generation capability. Energy penalties associated with evaporative drying are very high due to the high heat capacity of water. The alternate non-evaporative drying of coal by methods such as hydrothermal dewatering/high shear extrusion still produces coals with high residual moisture. The aim of this proposal is to significantly dry black & brown coal at room temperature by osmotic transfer of coal's bulk water to a cheap recyclable Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) in repeated reuse with little degradation.

Biography:

Yogeshwar Sahai is a Professor Emeritus in Materials Science & Engineering Department at The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA. He obtained his PhD from Imperial College of Science and Technology, University of London, England in 1979. He was a Research Associate at McGill University, Montreal, Canada before joining the Faculty Position at OSU in January 1983. He was Distinguished Visiting Professor at Tohoku University in Japan during 1995-96. His research is in clean energy areas, including fuel cells, batteries, polymeric electrolyte membranes, and catalysts for electrochemical applications. He has published over 140 technical papers in peer reviewed journals and refereed proceedings, and has published 5 books and 5 patents. His text book on “Fundamentals of Electrochemical Energy Devices” will soon be published by World Scientific Publishers. He has received several awards for his teaching, research, and leadership from professional societies, universities, and industries.

Abstract:

Chemical and electrochemical reactions are important in developing new and cost effective materials for fuel cell development. A chitosan-based chemical hydrogel membrane and catalyst binder were developed by the authors and used in alkaline Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells (DBFCs). The chitosan-based borohydride fuel cell gave more than 50 % higher power performance than the commercial Nafion-based one. The authors are the first to develop a chitosan membrane which resulted in much higher power density than the commercially used Nafion-based membranes. The chitosan-based catalyst binder also gave about 20% higher power density values than Nafion as catalyst binder. This chitosan-based membrane has also been successful in alkaline ethanol fuel cells. The estimated cost of chitosan-based membrane is less than 10% of the cost of Nafion. For borohydride electro-oxidation, an effective anode consisting of Ni-based composite electrocatalysts loaded on Ni foam substrate was developed and employed. The use of Ni-based catalyst reduces the cost of fuel cell without compromising its performance. Thin film electrode was prepared by electroless plating and physical vapor deposition. A nanoscale thin film anode delivered comparable power performance to an ink pasted electrode with a much higher catalyst loading. Chemical and electrochemical aspects of these materials in preparing polymeric membrane and electrode and their performance results will be presented in this paper. The effect of these materials in reducing the cost of fuel cells will be also presented in this paper.

Biography:

T F Otero has completed his PhD from the Complutense University of Madrid, supervised from the electrochemical group of the Rocasolano Institute (CSIC). Hi is Full Professor of Physcial Chemistry and Macromolecules from the UPV-EHU and Full Professor of Physsical Chemistry from the Technical University of Cartagena. He is the Director of the lab, of Electrochemistry Intelligent Materials and Devices. He has published more than 300 papers and book chapters in reputed journals and international editorials. He has delivered over 120 invited lectures.

Abstract:

Designers and engineers have been dreaming for decades with motors sensing, by themselves, working and surrounding conditions, as biological muscles do originating proprioception. Evolution of the working potential, or that of the consumed electrical energy, of electrochemical artificial muscles based on electroactive materials (intrinsically conducting polymers, redox polymers, carbon nanotubes, fullerene derivatives, grapheme derivatives, porphyrines, phtalocyanines, among others) while driven by constant currents senses, while working, any variation of the mechanical (trailed mass, obstacles, pressure, strain or stress) thermal or chemical conditions of work. They are linear faradaic polymeric motors: currents control movement rates and charges control displacements and muscle position. One motor and several sensors work simultaneously driving by the same reaction in a uniform device. Actuating (current and charge) and sensing (potential and energy) magnitudes are present, simultaneously, in the only two connecting wires and can be read by the computer at any time. From basic polymeric, mechanical and electrochemical principles a basic equation is attained. It includes either the motor characteristics (rate of the muscle movement and muscle position) and the working variables (temperature, electrolyte concentration and mechanical conditions). By changing working conditions experimental results overlap theoretical predictions. The ensemble computer-generator-muscle-theoretical equation constitutes and describes artificial mechanical, thermal and chemical awareness. Proprioceptive tools and zoomorphic or anthropomorphic soft robots can be envisaged. If proprioception a, up to now, considered psychological mechanisme can be described by a physical-chemical equation, could brain other brain functions be described by similar equations? Some working lines will be presented.

Biography:

Fabrizio Guzzetta has completed his Bachelor in Science at the University of Palermo (Italy) in 2005, and his Master degree from University of Florida in 2013. Currently, he is finishing his Ph.D. at the Universitat Jaume I (Spain) under the supervision of Dr Beatriz Julian-López.

To present & exhibit your MATERIALS @ our upcoming series PS: Materials Conferences | Materials Chemistry Conferences | Materials Chemistry 2020

Abstract:

Upconverting nanomaterials are of vast technological1-3 and bio-medical interest4-7, both from the pure scientific research and industrial point of view. Their interest lies on their ability to convert two or more low energy infrared photons into one higher energy photon in the UV-VIS range9 that can be used for less invasive teranostics and bioassays, more efficient solar cells, IR-activated photocatalytic systems, and so on. The biggest challenge that the scientific community faces for their commercial deployement is to synthesize bright-emitting, phase-consistant and small-sized nanocrystals. Normally these materials are formed of a crystal host in which Lanthanide ions act as substitutional doping within the lattice. To date, the Er3+-Yb3+ codoped β-NaYF4 is the most efficient material known. However, the upconversion phenomenon is a highly complex non-linear optical process and the efficiency depends on several factors such as the nature and crystal structure of the host lattice, the nature and local dispersion of the lanthanides, the synthetic conditions (reagents, solvent, reaction , time and temperature, pH, etc.), and so on. In this context, our study deals with the synthesis and evaluation of up-converting nanoparticles (UCNPs) with formulae Lnx-Yb0.2:NaY0.80-xF4, where x=0.5% for blue-emitting Ln:Tm3+ and x=2% for red and green-emtting Ln: Er3+ and Ho3+ systems. Here we report an account of some fundamental research performed in our group that tries to address some of these challenges to afford highly efficienttuneable UCNPs. In particular, we are focusing on the crystalline phase and size, and on the photoluminescent properties of solvothermal- and microwave-assisted NaYF4 based-nanomaterials.

Biography:

Paul Pineda Contreras is currently working on his PhD at the University of Bayreuth (Germany) under the supervision of Prof. Seema Agarwal, focusing on the photo-polymerization of novel low-shrinking resins. He received his BSc and MSc degree from the University of Marburg in 2010 and 2012, respectively. During his undergraduate studies, he made a research internship in Prof. Susanta Banerjee's group at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur on PPX modified poly(arylethere)s. After that he received his research initiative a scholarship of the Bayer-Science Foundation. His research interests are photo-polymerization techniques, materials characterization, composites and coatings.

To present & exhibit your MATERIALS @ our upcoming series PS: Materials Conferences | Materials Chemistry Conferences | Materials Chemistry 2020

Abstract:

Cyclic monomer systems that can undergo a radical-ring opening polymerization (RROP), such as vinylcyclopropane (VCP) derivatives are highly interesting monomer resins, providing lower-volume shrinkage on polymerization than other vinyl monomers, like methacrylates. Especially among electronics, coatings, lithography, dental applications and 3D microstructures highly specified resins with low volume shrinkage are fundamental to match the precise specifications adapted for the final end-use. Thereby, cross-linkable VCP resins are currently accessing a variety of precise specifications within a wide spectrum of applications, in industry as well as in research. Thus we developed a universal concept based on selective intermolecular interactions, applying VCP resins as fast curable, low-shrinking, high-performance resin. Herein we focused on the monomer synthesis as well as on the development and characterization of a modular construction kit based on VCPs. To provide a powerful illustration, diversified resins were prepared and analyzed. Hereby, we could show an excellent control of high reactivity, nearly regardless of the chosen spacer-unit. With an appropriate variation of spacer-unit selective characteristics, like e.g. mechanical strength, thermal stability and optical refraction could be adjusted in a simple and suitable way, making the system adaptable to any use. These results are highlighted in this presentation and offer the system an outstanding prospective within various applications.

Biography:

Beatriz A Pineda-Contreras received as DAAD fellow her MSc degree in Chemistry with specialization in macromolecular chemistry from the Marburg University (2012), with a thesis on water-soluble thermoresponsive polymers with UCST behavior. She obtained her Diploma in Chemistry with focus on electrodeposition of Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite composites onto Ti6Al4V. She is working on her PhD since 2013 at the University of Bayreuth under the guidance of Prof. Seema Agarwal on synthesis and application of “smart” materials as polymeric carriers. Her research interests are “smart” polymers, water-soluble thermoresponsive polymers, their synthesis and possible applications.

To present & exhibit your MATERIALS @ our upcoming series PS: Materials Conferences | Materials Chemistry Conferences | Materials Chemistry 2020

Abstract:

Thermoresponsive polymers are one of the most intensively studied “smart” materials. Polymers with UCST (Upper Critical Solution Temperature) behavior can be synthesized via free radical polymerization or via controlled polymerization methods like Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT). Controlled radical polymerization methods offer several advantages in the synthesis of this type of polymers, such as sharp phase transition temperature and low hysteresis. Herein, we focused on the synthesis and characterization of copolymers of acrylamide (AAm) and hydrophobic comonomers e.g. acrylonitrile (AN) and styrene (St). The phase transition temperatures of polymer samples of poly(AAm-co-AN) could be easily tuned, showing an effective phase transition temperature. Further, we studied the chemical and thermoresponsive stability under different conditions, which increased the understanding of non-ionic UCST-type polymers for possible applications under aqueous conditions over long periods of storage. In the case of copolymers of poly(AAm-co-St), the observation of thermoresponsivity was highly dependent upon copolymer composition. Therefore, we provided controlled polymerization reactions of AAm and St up to high conversions via RAFT technique, to induce sharp phase transition temperatures in a range between 50 - 62°C. However, the same copolymers prepared by conventional free radical polymerization were not UCST responsive, even after synthesis of different St compositions. Thus the controlled polymerization of AAm with hydrophobic non-hydrolysable comonomers offers a clear highlight in the field of thermoresponsive polymers and defines new possible applications.

Biography:

Brijith Thomas is a graduate student in Leiden University. His area of interest include NMR crystallography, solar fuel cell, charge separators, battery.

To present & exhibit your MATERIALS @ our upcoming series PS: Materials Conferences | Materials Chemistry Conferences | Materials Chemistry 2020

Abstract:

Spurred by worries over climate change, there is increasing interest in mimicking natural photosynthesis for the conversion of solar energy into fuel. The molecular structure and packing of self-assembled Zinc Salphen/NDI dyad and Perylene-based molecules, which are potential, charge separators were studied in detail in the solid state. While dynamic scattering, availability of diffraction grade crystal, destruction of crystal due to electron beam were the drawback of TEM, difficulty to index the bragg peaks due to overlap is the limitation of the powder XRD. The combination of MAS NMR, TEM, Powder XRD and molecular modeling provide a powerful methodology that can be of use to investigate molecular geometry (and properties) of larger unlabeled - aggregated supramolecular systems. DFT calculations were performed using the CASTEP module in the material studio with GIPAW wave function. Quantum mechanical calculations allow experimental 1H and 13C solid-state NMR spectra to be assigned in a quantitative manner to a specific molecular packing arrangement, starting from the chemical structure of a moderately sized molecule. The incompleteness of SSNMR data is supplemented by data from TEM and powder XRD. Here we simulated the distance constraints obtained from the LGCP build up curve using Simpson/Spinevolution for the selected carbon atoms. An electron density map of the proposed structure is generated and its projected down in the right orientation followed by fourier transform using EMAN2 software is employed to simulate the electron diffraction pattern. To confirm the model we simulated the powder XRD pattern using Reflex module in the material studio. We described a methodology in which the computational integration of MicroED, Powder XRD and SSNMR to propose a model for a molecule with high molecular mass, with less ambiguity. One of the biggest challenges with smarter crystallography is that it is limited to small molecules but here we proposed structures for molecules with higher atomic weight, which is around 1000 gm/mol. This methodology could be extended to understand the mechanism of battery in the near future.

Biography:

Dr M M Radwan is a Professor at the Department of Ceramics, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.

Abstract:

Raw mixes for high belite cement clinker (HBCC) have been designed on basis of chemical analyses of Egyptian raw materials with and without the additions of Egyptian oil shale obtained from Younis Gharb mine located at the Red Sea Coast in the Eastern desert of Egypt (calorific value ~2500 kcal/kg shale). LSF of the mix was maintained at 80%, silica modulus at 2.25 and C3A in the clinker not exceeding 4%. From raw mix design it was found that, with increase of % shale additions the limestone % in the raw mix decreases whereas % secondary compounds, SO3 and P2O5, increase in the clinker. Two raw mixes: One with about 11 wt% oil shale and one without shale as blank were selected for preparation of HBCC in the laboratory. The investigated firing temperatures were 1300 and 1350 oC. Characteristics of the produced high belite clinker, such as chemical composition, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy besides physico-mechanical properties of its hydrated pastes have been determined and compared with the corresponding values of commercial ordinary Portland cement. It was found that, the most appropriate temperature for firing HBCC raw mixes is 1350 oC. Generally, shale additions had slight effect on the physico-mechanical properties of the produced high belite clinker.

Biography:

Nader Noroozi Pesyan received Applied Chemistry at the Sistan & Baluchistan University (1993, Zahedan, Iran), obtained his MSc in Azad University of Yazd (1996, Yazd, Iran) and his PhD of Organic Chemistry from Isfahan University of Technology (IUT) at IUT (2004, Isfahan, Iran). He has published more than 60 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

The cyclopropyl group is an important structure in many herbal compounds, displaying antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral and some enzyme inhibition activities. For example, bicifadine and its analogs. The first synthesis of 1,1,2,2,3-penta substituted cyclopropane was described by Mariella et al. In this research, we introduced a new method for synthesis of penta-substituted cyclopropans using ethyl cyanoacetate, malononitrile and meldrum’s acid in the presence of cyanogen bromide (BrCN) and an aldehyde under alkali condition. The obtained penta-substituted cyclopropans are useful compounds in medicinal chemistry, organic synthesis and supramolecular chemistry.

Biography:

Sylwester J Rzoska has completed his PhD in 1986, Since 2001, he is a Professor, nominated by the President of Republic of Poland at University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland and Institute of High Pressure Physics PAS, Warsaw, Poland. He is also the Head of Lab for Glasses and Ceramics.

Abstract:

Compressing mostly increases the melting temperature (dTm/dP>0), although there is a limited number of materials where dTm/dP<0). The latter includes silicon, germanium or some ionic glasses. This contribution discusses the general pattern of parameterization of both cases, with the possible extension in negative pressures domain. It is supported by the distortion-sensitive analysis yielding pressure-invariant parameters. Experimental determining of Tm(P) data is presented, including the challenging case of gallium nitride where the decomposition prior to melting occurs. Subsequently, the generalization for pressure evolutions of the glass temperature or the denaturation temperature is presented. Some new challenging features emerging for pre-melting or pre-glassy behavior under compression are shown.

Biography:

Irina Roșca has completed her PhD in Biology at Faculty of Biology from Al I Cuza University, Iași, Romania and is a Scientific Reseacher at Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers from Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry. She has published more than 10 papers, she was Principal Investigator in 1 project and worked in another 8 projects related to biotechnology, microbiology and ecology.

To present & exhibit your MATERIALS @ our upcoming series PS: Materials Conferences | Materials Chemistry Conferences | Materials Chemistry 2020

Abstract:

Candida albicans infections are an important health issue fuelled, paradoxically, by the advancements in medical care. The prophylactic administration of antifungals generates antifungal resistance and this underlines the need for new antifungal agents. Inclusion complexes of protonated propiconazole nitrate (PCZH-NO3) with three substituted Cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives, namely sulfobutylether β CD (SBE7 β CD), sulfated β CD (β CD SNa) and monochlorotriazinyl β CD (MCT β CD) were investigated as new antifungal systems. The antifungal activity of the inclusion complexes was assessed on 20 Candida spp. clinical isolates. The in vitro susceptibility testing was performed following the EUCAST EDef 7.2 guideline. To assess the cytotoxicity, the CellTiter 96®aqueous one solution cell proliferation assay was performed on Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts (NHDF). All complexes showed antifungal activity at low concentrations. The IC50 values were two to three orders of magnitude higher than the concentrations required for antifungal activity. The 95% CIs indicate a significantly higher cytotoxicity for the complex with the parental β CD compared to those with the other three CD derivatives. The much lower concentrations required for the antifungal effect, compared to the IC50 cytotoxicity values, prove a high selectivity of the active compound for the fungal cells. The lack of significant differences in the antifungal susceptibility tests and the differences in cytotoxicity between the β-CD complex and the other three suggest that the type of cyclodextrin may be more important for the interaction with the human organism than it is for the actual antifungal activity.

Biography:

Narcisa Laura Marangoci has completed her PhD in Chemistry at the Romanian Academy, and, since 2005, has been a Scientific Researcher at Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers at Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry from Iași. Her professional experience includs synthesis, characterization and applications of functional polymers, supramolecular compounds, "host-guestʺ inclusion complexes (25 ISI scientific papers) and also design and implementation of national and international projects.

To present & exhibit your MATERIALS @ our upcoming series PS: Materials Conferences | Materials Chemistry Conferences | Materials Chemistry 2020

Abstract:

Propiconazole is a triazole developed and marketed by Janssen Pharmaceutics (Belgium) as an antifungal pesticide. Protonated propiconazole nitrate (PCZH NO3), a derivative of propiconazole, was proved to have a better antifungal activity and lower acute toxicity, comparable to those of commercial azole drugs, which makes it a good candidate for clinical use. As most clinical azoles, PCZH NO3 has the major inconvenient of being hydrophobic, which severely reduces its bioavailability. To address this issue, the formation of a host guest inclusion complex with β Cyclodextrin (β CD) as a host carrier molecule was investigated, with good results. The main purpose of this study is to report the synthesis and characterization of the inclusion complexes formed by PCZH-NO3 with three substituted cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives, namely namely sulfobutylether β CD (SBE7 β CD), sulfated β CD (β CD SNa) and monochlorotriazinyl β CD (MCT β CD) and to to investigate them as new antifungal systems. The inclusion complexes were prepared using the freeze-drying method. The structures were confimed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and in silico docking and molecular dynamics simulations. This study demonstrates the coexistence of two types of PCZH-NO3 inclusion into the CD cavity. The complexes with SBE7 β CD had the lowest dissociation constant values. Inclusion efficiency was close to 100%. Comparative in silico docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed. The antifungal activity was assessed on Candida spp. and the cytotoxicity was assessed on Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts (NHDF).

Biography:

Imad A Abu-Yousef earned his PhD in Organo-Sulfur Chemistry in 1995 from McGill University (Montreal, Canada). Subsequently, he pursued a Post-doctoral fellowship in Polymer Chemistry at McGill University. His research work was recognized by prestigious institutions that have bestowed awards on him, including the Jordan Higher Education Natural Sciences Award (Jordan, 2010), the National Bank of Sharjah Excellence in Research and Scholarship Award (United Arab Emirates, 2002) and Abdul Hameed Shoman Award for Outstanding Young Chemist Researcher in the Middle East (Jordan, 2000). He published more than 50 papers in reputed international journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of the Journal of Saudi Chemical Society, an Elsevier Published Journal.

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Abstract:

Silver-based nanoclusters incorporated into mordenite zeolite were prepared and analyzed using various spectroscopic techniques. In the zeolite hosts, both theoretical and experimental results show the presence of silver nanoclusters with various sizes and environments. Upon increasing the excitation wavelength from 250 to 300 nm, the study indicates that the high energy mode (at 415 nm) was deactivated and the low energy emission mode (at 520 nm) was gradually activated. The catalyzed system increases the photodecomposition of phosmet in comparison with the uncatalyzed system upon irradiation with different UV wavelengths. In addition, the largest catalytic activity was observed upon the irradiation of the catalyzed solution at 302 nm, in which an increase in the decomposition rate by 40 folds was observed. We discovered that the photodecomposition products are similar for all systems but variations in the relative amount of these products were observed at different conditions in which phosphorothionic acid was formed as a major product in both catalyzed systems.

Biography:

Carol Lopez de Dicastillo is currently working as Associate Researcher in the Food Packaging Laboratory, in the Department of Food Technology from the University of Santiago de Chile. Her undergraduate background is on chemistry, and she has focused her PhD and post doctorate on Food Technology and Materials Science. Her PhD was carried out in the Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC) in Valencia and it was based in the development of hydrophilic active materials, mainly focused on antioxidant releasing systems. Nowadays, new topics have joined her work, such as biodegradable polymers, nanotechnology, electrospinning and search for natural compounds from plant extracts.

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Abstract:

Driven by a growing consciousness for the environment and the need to diminish plastic waste, there is a great interest to develop sustainable and ecofriendly materials with enhanced properties. Among biodegradable polymers, poly (lactic acid), PLA, has attracted the most interest in recent years because it is being produced industrially and it comes from a renewable source. However, in order to be massively used in the food industry, some characteristics must be improved, such as mechanical and barrier properties. Some works have aimed the improvement of these characteristics based on the incorporation of different additives and during last years, the most innovative solution is the reinforcement through nanotechnology, such as the incorporation of organic clay or cellulose nanoparticles (CNW) in its formulation. Regarding the latter technique, the biggest inconvenient is the incorporation of the reinforcing material to the polymeric matrix homogeneously, preventing agglomerations to maximize results. Therefore, the objective of this work was to create a biocomposite based on PLA nanoreinforced with CNW nanoencapsulated with poly (vinyl alcohol), PVOH, through electrospinning technique. First, the optimizations of the electrospinning parameters were studied owing to obtain nanofibers with good appearance, measured by SEM microscopy, high concentration of CNW and minimum amount of PVOH. Thus, it is intended to incorporate homogeneously the CNW in the PLA preventing agglomerations, obtaining a material with better mechanical and barrier properties without altering the advantageous characteristics such as optical properties and biodegradability. Materials were obtained through extrusion and were thermally, morphologically and mechanically characterized.

Biography:

Galotto M J is a Full Professor and Head of the Food Packaging Laboratory, in the department of Food Technology from the University of Santiago de Chile. Her undergraduate background is on chemistry and food science and technology, and she has focused on food packaging materials. Nowadays she is working on the development of active food packaging materials and nanotechnology.

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Abstract:

Antimicrobial Active Packaging is one of the most innovative field on food packaging. It involves the incorporation of an active antimicrobial component in the polymer matrix that should be release during the period of time that food is in direct contact with plastic material. Essential oils are one of the most common antimicrobial active components that are included in polymer matrix but as they are volatile extrusion process is a great disadvantage. In the present work, the study of the supercritical operation condition (pressurization and depressurization rate was carried out in order to determine the amount of active compound impregnated and the kinetic release of the active component from the polymer matrix., comparing polymer matrix and nanocomposites. Nanocomposites of LDPE and Cloisite C20A (modified montmorillonite) 2.5 and 5% were extruded and supercritical fluid impregnation was done at different conditions pressure: 12Mpa, impregnation time: 30 and 60 min, depressurization rate: 10 and 1 MPA/min, temperature 40°C. Physico-chemical characterization of impregnated films were analyzed, and the kinetic release of the active component from the polymer matrix comparing traditional polymer matrix and nanocomposites, were analyzed.

Biography:

Tugce Kutlusoy has completed her Bachelor’s and Master’s degree from Marmara University. She is a graduate student of Marmara University.

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Abstract:

Hydrogels comprised of cross-linked polymer networks that have hydrophilic homopolymer or copolymer and these networks have a high affinity for water because of having hydrophilic groups. Hydrogels can be derived from synthetic and natural polymer. Cryogel is one of the new types of polymeric gel that has a significant potential in biotechnology. Cryogel that have elastic structure is used in tissue engineering applications. Cryogel formation occurs below the freezing point of the solvent; thus, a major portion of the solvent freezes creating interconnected ice crystals, the polymer precursors that have been in liquid unfrozen form are polymerized to have network around the ice crystals. Frozen crystals solvent acts as pore-forming agent. After the polymerization, when frozen reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature, ice crystals melt and obtained network structure that have macroporous polymers. In this project, cryogels of chitosan-hyaluronic acid’s efficiency in tissue engineering applications as scaffold has investigated. Therefore, firstly homopolymers of chitosan and hyaluronic acid cryogels have synthesized separately, then copolymer of chitosan and hyaluronic acid cryogels were prepared to improve mechanical and biomaterial properties, to use as scaffold for tissue engineering and to examine cell compatibility.

Biography:

Emre Aytan has completed his Bachelor’s degree from Marmara University and is an MSc student at Marmara University Institute of Science. His thesis is on developing a polyimide fiber electrolyte via electrospining with cooperation of PhD student M H Ugur and his advisor N K Apohan.

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Abstract:

Synthesis and characterization of high performance polyimide nanofibers and application on lithium-ion batteries: Polyimide (PI), as one of high-performance engineering polymers, has been widely applied in many advanced technology fields due to their great thermal stability, remarkable mechanical properties, low dielectric constants and inertness to solvent and radiation resistance. Therefore, electrospun PI nanofiber membranes with diverse molecular structures, controllable fiber diameters and membrane thicknesses have been intensively investigated to obtain high-performance and multifunctional composite fiber membranes. Additionally, it shows good affinity with gel electrolytes which contain plasticizing solvents like ethylene and ethyl methyl carbonate. Thus, these solvents can be strongly combined within the polymer chains in network that can largely enhance the electrolyte retention of PI-based battery electrolytes. In this work; a new highly ion conductive plasticized PI-reinforced UV-cured electrolyte membrane has been synthesized. Oxi-4,4'-dianiline (ODA) and 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) based polyimide fibers were fabricated via electrospinning method and then UV cured with Bisphenol A Ethoxylate Dimethacrylate (BEMA), poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) and 3-(methacryloyloxy) propyltrimethoxysilane (MEMO) containing formulations. In order to measure electrochemical stability and ionic conductivity for Li batteries, UV cured films doped with lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6). The structural and electrochemical properties of the electrolytes thus obtained were systematically examined by a variety of methods including FTIR, TGA, DSC, EIS, LSV and SEM measurements.

Biography:

Merve YaÅŸar has graduated at Chemistry Department from Marmara University in 2014. She is currently pursuing her Master degree. At the same time, she is pursuing Tubitak project which is 115S224.

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Abstract:

Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIPs) is investigated by different research groups in a varied time. MIPs are prefered because of its resist on a high temperature, extreme pH values and organic solvent. MIPs are prepared by the polymerization of a functional monomer and crosslinker in the presence of target molecule. It is a process which prepared by replicate the target molecules high affinity receptor regions on polymers. After the polymerization, the templates are removed from the polymer, leaving specific recognition sites complementary in size and shape to the template molecule. Thus it can be used as a plastic antibodies which have been produced by molecular imprinting technique and mimics antibodies functions. For this purpose Diphtheria toxin has been chosen as a target molecule. MIP is performed by using classical two phase mini emulsion polymerization technique. After the polymerization, obtained nanoparticles is removed from the target molecule by dialysis membranes. The morphology and size control of the nanoparticles were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The nanoparticles have highly monodisperse and regularly spherical shaped, which have an average diameter of about 200-300 nm.

Biography:

Elif Yüce has completed her Bachelor’s degree from Yalova University Yalova University, Polymer Engineering Department. She is a MSc student at the same Department and is working as a project researcher.

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Abstract:

In recent years, highly porous polymer composites are attracting considerable interest due to their large surface area, high chemical resistance, permeability properties, and low densities. These materials have numerous applications such as catalysis, filtration, energy exchange, sensors, etc. For this reason, preparation of such materials with different processes is frequently in focus of research. In this study we report novel macroporous composites for heterogeneous photocatalysis applications. With this aim, Pickering-high internal phase emulsions (Pickering-HIPEs) have been used as templates to build hierarchical open porous polymer networks. HIPEs are concentrated emulsions consisting of a high ratio of internal or dispersed phase. In case of, either one or both phases of a HIPE contain monomers, polyHIPEs can be produced. HIPEs are usually stabilised by using relatively high amounts of emulsifying agents against coalescence. However, it is also possible to stabilise a HIPE with the use of nanoparticles. In this case, the resulting emulsion and the final material are classified as Pickering-HIPE and poly-Pickering-HIPE, respectively. Herein, poly-Pickering-HIPEs were prepared using poly(ethylene glycol-co-propylene glycol-co-ethylene glycol) surface modified TiO2 nanoparticles (TiNPs). For this purpose, TiNPs were synthesised via sol-gel method and the resulting nanoparticles were introduced into the continuous phase consisting of monomers. The structural properties of TiNPs were characterised by using FTIR and XRD. Morphological properties of the resulting poly-Pickering-HIPE composite, on the other hand, were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Moreover, mechanical properties of the poly-Pickering-HIPE were measured by performing uniaxial compression experiment. The specific surface areas of the TiNPs and poly-Pickering-HIPE were determined from the adsorption/desorption isotherms and calculated by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) equation.

Biography:

Fatma Nur Parın has completed her Bachelor’s degree as high honor student from Yalova University, Polymer Engineering Department. She is a MSc student at the same Department and is working as a project researcher.

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Abstract:

In recent years, the field of heterogeneous photocatalysis has been growing rapidly, as a result of the various developments especially in relation to energy and the environment. In this context, the large band-gap semiconductors are attracting considerable interest in many practical applications such as catalysts, solar cells, dyes, and commercial products ranging from drugs to foods. For industrial applications, high activity, resistance to poisoning and stability for prolonged use at elevated temperatures, mechanical and chemical stability in various conditions are needed. In this respect, TiO2 has been the most preferred material in many fields due to its long-term photo-stability, relative low toxicity, semiconducting and catalytic properties. In this study, we prepared a new kind of macroporous composite having photocatalytic activity, via emulsion templating. With this aim, Pickering-high internal phase emulsions (Pickering-HIPEs) stabilised with surface modified TiO2 nanoparticles (TiNPs) were used as templates. TiNPs were synthesised via sol-gel method by using poly(ethylene glycol-co-propylene glycol-co-ethylene glycol) triblock copolymer. By the polymerisation of the Pickering-emulsion templates poly-Pickering-HIPE/TiO2 composites, having relatively good mechanical properties and thermal stability, were obtained. The photocatalytic activity of poly-Pickering-HIPE/TiO2 composites were determined by investigating the kinetics of the photocatalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), an environmentally important pollutant, in a constant temperature batch-type photoreactor. The effects of initial pollutant concentration, catalyst concentration and pH value of suspension on the degradation rates of 4-NP have been studied. A kinetic expression, which can be used in the development of large-scale photocatalytic reactor and optimization of experimental conditions, has been obtained.

Biography:

W.A. Stanczyk has completed his PhD and DSc., at Lodz University of Technology and postdoctoral studies from University of Sussex. He is the head of Inorganic-Organic Composites Research Group at CMMS. He has published more than 100 papers in reputed journals in the area of organometallic and polymer chemistry.

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Abstract:

The antitumor drugs Doxorubicin (DOX) and dauno-rubicin (DAU) are important anthracycline antibiotics of a broad spectrum of action, widely used in therapy. Unfortunately they can cause also serious cardiovascular side effects leading to heart failure. Thus, currently a focus is being made on synthesis of nanoparticles bearing DOX and DAU that should limit exposure of drugs to normal cells. Pathways, including encapsulation e.g. in poly(lactide-co-glycolide, poly(trimethylene carbonate-co-glutamic acid) and solid lipid nanoparticles were studied. On the other hand a number of carriers was applied for chemical bonding of doxorubicin that include polymeric and dendrimer nanoparticles or fatty acids. Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) have been surprisingly missing from the above list of anthracycline nanocarriers, although octameric POSS is considered a next generation material in biological fields 1,2. Herein we present the synthesis of the first two, according to our knowledge, T8-POSS-doxorubicin (Scheme 1) and daunorubicin conjugates. T8-POSS cage can be easily functionalised and its small size (~1.5 nm) makes it an unique carrier, compared to the ones studied till now in binding anthracyclines. It is also well known to facilitate cell penetration, the important feature in drug delivery processes, while on decay forms only a harmless silicic acid - Si(OH4)3.

Biography:

Kimihisa Yamamoto received PhD degrees from Waseda University in Polymer Chemistry in 1990. He joined the Department of Chemistry at Keio University from 1997 as professor. Currently, he is a professor in the Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology since 2010. His present research interests are in developing supra-metallomolecules for nanosynthesizers involving nanoparticles, subnanoparticles and superatoms.

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Abstract:

We show that tinchlorides, SnCl2 and FeCl3 complexes to the imines groups of a spherical polyphenyl- azomethine dendrimer in a stepwise fashion according to an electron gradient, with complexation in a more peripheral generation proceeding only after complexation in generations closer to the core has been completed. The metal-assembly in a discrete molecule can be converted to a size-regulated metal cluster with a size smaller than 1 nm as a molecular reactor. Due to the well-defined number of metal clusters in the subnanometer size region, its property is much different from that of bulk or general metal nanoparticles. Dendrimers are highly branched organic macromolecules with successive layers or “generations” of branch units surrounding a central core. Organic inorganic hybrid versions have also been produced, by trapping metal ions or metal clusters within the voids of the dendrimers. Their unusual, tree-like topology endows these nanometre-sized macromolecules with a gradient in branch density from the interior to the exterior, which can be exploited to direct the transfer of charge and energy from the dendrimer periphery to its core. Here we show that tin ions, Sn2+, complex to the imines groups of a spherical polyphenylazo- methine dendrimer in a stepwise fashion according to an electron gradient, with complexation in a more peripheral generation proceeding only after complexation in generations closer to the core has been completed. By attaching an electron-withdrawing group to the dendrimer core, we are able to change the complexation pattern, so that the core imines are complexed last. By further extending this strategy, it should be possible to control the number and location of metal ions incorporated into dendrimer structures, which might and uses as tailored catalysts, building blocks, or fine-controlled clusters for advanced materials.

Biography:

Bruno Bureau is Professor in Material Sciences and works on the glass formation processes by synthetizing special materials based on selenium and tellurium. His group develops optical devices for mid and far-infrared sensing for medical applications or space optics for example. He is the author of about 150 papers and about 25 invited talks in the field of non-oxide glasses, infrared sensing, optical fibers; material and glass science. He received the Yvan Peychès award from the French Academy of Sciences in 2009. He has co-founded the DIAFIR Company in 2011 and is currently appointed to the “Institut Universitaire de France”.

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Abstract:

The glass-forming ability of chalcogen elements has been known for several decades but compared to classical oxide glasses; this class of vitreous materials is just emerging in particular in order to shape optical lenses or fibers. Indeed, they look like metallic alloys rather than classical glasses, and their main interest relies on their large optical window extending in the mid-infrared. This exceptional transparency, associated with suitable viscosity/temperature dependence is a favorable context to seize the opportunity to develop innovative optical fibers for mid-infrared sensing in biology and medicine for example. Recently, some new families of glasses, based on tellurium, have been developed to extend the working domain of these sensing devices. In particular, they give access to the CO2 absorption band in the mid-infrared which is useful for the Darwin mission of the ESA on the one hand, and in the context of the strike against the global warning on the other hand. Also, due to their unusual high electrical conductivity, some tellurium based glass compositions appeared as nice candidate for thermoelectric application as soon as they are doped with metallic elements such as copper. The talk will be devoted to the description of this atypical family of glass and their applications for the mid-infrared sensing as well as for thermoelectricity.

Biography:

Antonio Joaquín Franco-Mariscal obtained his PhD in Chemistry from the University of Cádiz (Spain) in 2011. Now is a Lecturer at the University of Málaga (Málaga, Spain) and teaches Chemistry at Juan Ramón Jiménez School in Málaga (Spain). He is a Research Chemist with interests in didactic of the chemistry and educational games for secondary school students (12–16 years old). He has published more than 70 papers in reputed journals and serves as an Editorial Board Member in Revista Eureka sobre Enseñanza y Divulgación de las Ciencias. He has received two Educational Innovation Awards in Spain (2004 and 2006) and eleven Research Awards with students.

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Abstract:

Periodic Table is a cornerstone of the Chemistry that should be learnt by all the students in the school. However, it is a boring and tedious task because pupils do not find a connection between the chemical elements and their daily life. The use of educational games can make the learning process of this topic more creative and enjoyable for students. Motivation, emotion, attention, concentration, implication or co-operation are the main keys of the games that can contribute to learning. Different game-based materials that can help students learning the names and symbols of the elements, their uses and properties or understanding the Periodic Table are presented in this communication. Playing forming words with chemical symbols can become more familiar the names and chemical symbols. Drawing everyday life contexts as objects of a house, a class or a car is other alternative to learn the uses of the chemical elements. Playing with the chemical elements in a card game can help pupils learn the different families of elements and their properties. Playing with the pieces of a puzzle can help them understand how the different elements can combine forming chemical compounds. Finally, designing a chemical soccer team with the symbols of the elements and competing with them in the stages of the Soccer World Cup can help students understand the Periodic Table.

Biography:

Professor Elias Siores has completed his PhD from Brunel University, UK and MBA from Wollongong University, Australia. He is the Provost, Research and Development, Bolton University, UK. He is researching in the area of smart materials for renewable energy and biomedical devices applications and has published more than 300 papers in international journals, holder of 5 international patents and recipient of 15 international awards.

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Abstract:

The piezoelectric effect in Poly(vinylidene fluoride), PVDF, has been utilised in the development of fibres and their integration into fabric structures for energy harvesting. A “3D spacer” technology based all-fibre piezoelectric fabrics as power generators and energy harvesters is presented. The knitted single-structure piezoelectric generator consists of high β-phase (~80%) piezoelectric PVDF monofilaments as the spacer yarn interconnected between silver (Ag) coated polyamide 66 multifilament yarn layers acting as electrodes. The novel and unique textile structure provides an output power density in the range of 1.10 - 5.10 μWcm-2 at applied impact pressures in the range of 0.02 - 0.10 MPa, providing significantly higher power outputs and efficiencies over the existing 2D woven and nonwoven piezoelectric structures. The method of producing high quality piezoelectric yarn and piezoelectric fabric provides an effective option for the development of high performance energy-harvesting textile structures for electronic devices that could be charged from ambient environment or by human movement. Furthermore, via the creation of hybrid photovoltaic films and fibres, energy can be captured from solar radiation and used where the mechanical impetus is absent. The high energy efficiency, mechanical durability and comfort of the soft, flexible and all-fibre based power generator is highly attractive for a variety of potential applications such as wearable electronic systems and energy harvesters charged from ambient environment or by human movement.

Biography:

E Brandaleze has completed her PhD in National University of Rosario. She is the Head of the Metallurgy Department of the Tecnological National University from Argentina. She also is the Vice-Director of DEYTEMA Center at the same university. She has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.

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Abstract:

In low carbon microalloyed steels (C0.1%), the content of Nb and Ti affect the phases transformation kinetic during cooling in industrial processes such as the rolling process. The final microstructure obtained determines the mechanical properties required such as: high formability, high toughness and adequate strength. For this reason is relevant to identify and determine the volume fraction of the ferrite, bainite and martensite present. Nb and Ti promotes carbides precipitation in austenite. The precipitates control the grain size increase during hot rolling process. It is necessary to deep the knowledge on the microstructure evolution at different cooling rates. An integrated methodology including dilatometry combined with microscopy techniques was developed. By dilatometry it is possible to determine phase’s transformation temperatures through the volumetric variation that occur in the steel in relation with temperature. Nevertheless, it is necessary to correlate this information with the structure characteristics. In this sense, microscopy techniques and microhardness measurements allows identifying the phases generated through each cooling rate. By Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) technique, the structural study was completed. In this paper, results obtained on low carbon microalloyed steels (with C contents between 0.11%-0.06%) applying the mentioned integrated methodology is informed. The structural study was carried out by light microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) including EBSD in order to identify the microstructural constituent of steels and to determine the grain size. Also microhardness measurements allow us to confirm the phases identified in the samples. The information permits to predict the evolution of the steel structure at industrial processes conditions.

Biography:

Y.X.Wang has completed her PhD at the age of 28 years from Lanzhou University, and postdoctoral studies from Fudan University and the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. As a visiting scholar, she has worked in Physique des Solides Irradiés et des nanostructures, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium, CNR-IPCF, in Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici del CNR, I-56124 Pisa, Italy, and in Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Osaka, Japan. She published more than 30 papers in reputed journals. Her research interesting is now focused on the simulation and modeling in nano-materials and in irradiation damage in materials.

Abstract:

Layered MAX phase ternary compound, where M is an early transition metal, A is a group A element, and X is either C or N, promised great applications in many applied fields because it combines ceramic and metallic properties. As an exemplar of MAX phase family, Ti3SiC2 exhibits a high melting temperature, high electrical and thermal conductivities, and an excellent resistance to oxidation and thermal shock. Particularly, it possesses unusual mechanical properties, such as easy machinability, a high Young’s modulus, which is thus considered as a candidate in advanced nuclear reactors. In this work, we investigated the effect of hydrogen and helium on the cleavage fracture of Ti3SiC2 in order to evaluate the reliability of Ti3SiC2 for use in nuclear industry. We have performed first-principles mechanical calculations within the density functional theory (DFT). It was found that Ti3SiC2 has the cleavage characteristics and the habit cleavage starts from Si-Ti interlayer because of relative weak Si-Ti bonding. Hydrogen and helium always accumulate along the Si layer. Helium decreases largely the critical stress of cleavage fracture of Ti3SiC2. In contrast, hydrogen does not efficiently affect the cleavage fracturing in Ti3SiC2. The difference between helium and hydrogen behaviors in Ti3SiC2 primarily originates from the difference of electronic hybridization with lattice atoms of Ti3SiC2 for helium and hydrogen. For helium, the neighboring Si atoms will be ejected by helium atoms, and the Si-Ti bonding will be broken, thus resulting in the cleavage fracturing. However for hydrogen, it is primarily hybridized with the s states of neighboring Si atoms, which does not severely disturb the p-d hybridization between Si and Ti atoms. Thus, the cleavage fracturing from Si-Ti interlayer is hardly aggravated in the presence of hydrogen. Fortunately, Ti3SiC2 has self-repair ability at the high temperature. It will desorb helium atoms at high helium pressure through Si layers. This behavior will alleviate the cleavage fracturing induced by helium. In summary, Ti3SiC2 may be a potential application material in light water or other fission reactors in the future.

Biography:

Dr. Lee D. Wilson (Ph.D.-chemistry),now is an Associate professor chemistry, at the University of Saskatchewan with research interests in a variety of areas. He specializes in Physical Chemistry and Materials Science and is currently researching the development of new types of materials (e.g., molecular sponges) that will have a tremendous impact on areas such as the environment, biotechnology, medicine, chemical delivery/separation systems, and membrane materials for water purification. This research will be of great importance to Aboriginal communities in Canada that suffer from water quality and health issues and require point-of-use treatment strategies. Wilson completed a PhD in Physical Chemistry from the University of Saskatchewan (1998) becoming the first Métis student to earn such a degree. Wilson is the recipient of several scientific and community awards including the Governor General’s Gold Medal in the Physical Sciences & Engineering, 2004 National Aboriginal Achievement Award (Science and Technology), and the Saskatchewan 2006 Centennial Medal. In 2008, Wilson was nominated as “Scientist of the Month” by the Saskatchewan Science Network. Wilson has provided mentorship and inspiration to Aboriginal youth through the Innovators in the Schools Program, Canadian Aboriginal Science & Technology Society, and has developed science programs and camps for Aboriginal students at the University of Saskatchewan.

Abstract:

Polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared by cross-linking β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with two different types of diisocyanates, respectively. Materials with diverse structural and textural properties were obtained by varying the rate of diisocyanate addition: rapid (R) or drop-wise (D; 0.1 mL/min). Characterization of the structural and textural properties was investigated by spectroscopic (1H NMR in solution, solid state 13C CP-MAS solids NMR, dynamic light scattering, UV-vis, and IR), thermogravimetric analysis, powder x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The accessibility of the β-CD inclusion sites of the polymers was independently evaluated using an equilibrium dye adsorption method at equilibrium and in parallel with a kinetic dye-based uptake method. The characterization methods strong support that drop-wise additions affords materials with greater cross-linking relative to the rapid addition method. Herein, we report the first example of a cross-linked polyurethane containing β-CD with tunable structure and physicochemical properties, according to the mode of cross-linker addition (R versus D) to control the reaction conditions.

Biography:

Urfi Ishrat completed PhD in Chemistry (2009-2013) from Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, India. Her background includes over six years of research experience in membrane science and technology. She has published 8 papers in reputed journals and a book as a first Author. She was work as a “Young Scientists” under Council of Science & Technology, UP in Aligarh Muslim University, India, (2014-2015). Her project was entitled “Advanced functional organic-inorganic nano filtration membranes: Fabrication, characterization and application in desalination of water”. She was recently selected as Assistant Research Scientist at KISR Kuwait. Presently, she is working as Assistant Professor, Department of Chemistry in Taibah University, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract:

Organic-inorganic composite membrane contains nano sized inorganic building blocks in organic polymer by molecular level of hybridization. This architecture has opened the possibility to combine in a single solid both the attractive properties of a mechanically and thermally stable inorganic backbone and the specific chemical reactivity, dielectric, ductility, flexibility, and processability of the organic polymer. The study of nano-filtration membranes and processes is a rapidly expanding research interest area. In view of foregoing, attempts have been made to synthesize new hydrocarbon ionomers, organic-inorganic hybrid membranes. Excellent thermal and chemical stability allows inorganic membranes to be used in high temperature and extreme pH applications. They have also been of interest in material science as selective gas permeable membranes. Among the methods of preparation developed the sol-gel technique is one of the most extensively applied method for preparation of organic-inorganic materials, which allows formation of inorganic frameworks under mild condition and incorporation of minerals into polymers, resulting in an increased chemical, mechanical and thermal stability without decreasing properties of polymers. There has been a growing interest in the use of inorganic membrane for several industrial and laboratory applications. This is because they offer many advantages over organic counterparts in separation processes. These include resistance to compaction under high pressure, chemical stability at high temperature (including steam sterilization procedures), insensitivity to bacterial action and a long operational life. In the field of water and waste-water treatment, filtration through an organic-inorganic membrane are most promising technology.

Biography:

Dr Azad Kumar has completed his Ph.D in the Department of Applied Chemistry at Babaaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow.

Abstract:

Photocatalysis deals with reactions which are initiated by electronically excited molecules generated by absorption of suitable radiation in the visible or near ultraviolet region. Photocatalytic reactions occurring in the presence of semiconductor and light. Researchers are using photocatalysts for oxidative degradation of various non-biodegradable wastes. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), commonly known as Titania, is one of the most commonly used photocatalysts. Because of its high oxidative power, stability and non-toxicity, it promises a broad range of uses as a photocatalysts. Advantage of using TiO2 as photo-catalyst are: (a) using TiO2, the process occurs under ambient conditions. (b) Using TiO2, the oxidation of the substrate to CO2 is complete in most cases and (c) it is comparatively inexpensive and remains quite stable in contact with different substrate. In the present study, to prepare the nanocomposites of Titania by solution impregnation method. The prepared sample of Titania and copper Titania were subjected to photocatalytic degradation of Eriochrome Black T was done. The degradation of Eriochrome Black T was more prominent in case of 2 hour study, in the presence of Cu-TiO2 than the commercially obtained TiO2. The degradation of Eriochrome Black T is 40% - 50% observed in case of 2 hour study.

Biography:

Jas Pal Badyal was awarded BA/MA (1985) and PhD (1988) degrees from Cambridge University; where he subsequently held a King’s College Fellowship and the Oppenheimer Fellowship. He has been recipient of many honours relating to his work on Functional Surfaces, including the Harrison Prize from The Royal Society of Chemistry; the Burch Prize from The British Vacuum Council; and the IAAM Medal (International Association of Advanced Materials). His research has led to 3 successful start-up companies: Surface Innovations Ltd; Dow Corning Plasma Ltd; and P2i Ltd (2015 International Business Award for 'Most Innovative Company in Europe').

Abstract:

The worldwide market for functional surfaces exceeds $50 billion per annum (US Department of Energy). A key driver is the added value that can be imparted to commercial products by the molecular engineering of their surface properties. For example, the cleanliness of optical lenses, the feel of fabrics, the resistance of biomedical devices to bacteria, the speed of computer hard disks, and even the wear of car brake pads are all governed by their surface properties. The fabrication of such surfaces requires the incorporation of specific functional groups; for which there exists no shortage of potential methods including: self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), Langmuir-Blodgett films, dip-coating, grafting, chemical vapour deposition, to name just a few. However such techniques suffer from drawbacks including substrate-specificity (cannot be easily adapted to different materials or geometries) and environmental concerns associated with the utilization of solvents, strong acid / base media, or heat. Plasma surface functionalization is a promising alternative which offers a wide range of benefits including low energy consumption, absence of solvents, minimal waste, rapid treatment times, scalability, and ambient processing temperatures. The molecular tailoring of solid surfaces will be described including super-repellency, non-fouling, thermoresponsive, rewritable, opto-chiral, antibacterial, capture and release, and nano-actuation. The application of this research has led to 37 patent families and the establishment of 3 successful start-up companies (Surface Innovations Ltd, Dow Corning Plasma Ltd, and P2i Ltd). [1] The Leading Edge of Impact: Shining Examples of UK Research – Top Notch Protection, Nature Vol. 519 No. 7544 (26 March 2015). [2] Bioinspired Breathable Architecture for Water Harvesting, Nature Scientific Reports Vol. 5 (2015) 16798.

Biography:

E Brandaleze has completed her PhD in National University of Rosario. She is the Head of the Metallurgy Department of the Tecnological National University from Argentina. She also is the Vice-Director of DEYTEMA Center at the same university. She has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.

Abstract:

Steel wires, under severe cold drawing deformation, develop high strength. High carbon steel (C>0.80%) has a great demand in the steel market because of the extremely high strength (5-6 GPa). For this reason, it is relevant to increase the knowledge on the structural evolution and deformation mechanisms involved during wiredrawing process due to their critical applications, among which we can mention wires for: bridges, cranes and tire cord. The mechanical behaviour aptitude is determined by torsion test. When the fracture surface is flat, the wire is apt. On the opposite, an irregular fracture surface (delamination) means poor mechanical properties. This paper presents a comparative study on steel wires (0.80% C) that presented normal behaviour and delamination problem during torsion test, in order to compare the structural evolution at high deformation. The deformation mechanisms and cementite stability was analyzed. The microstructural study was carried out applying light and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Finally, the structural information was correlated with results of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and thermodynamic properties obtained by Fact Sage simulation. The structural study verified the presence of curling phenomenon in both steels products. It was possible to verify differences (~26%) in the interlaminar spacing () of the pearlite between wires that present normal and delaminated behaviour under torsion test. The ductility loss (in the delaminated wire) is promoted by multiple causes: higher interlaminar spacing, high nitrogen content in the product and the presence of dynamic strain aging, which is promoted by cementite destabilization and the formation of  carbide.

Biography:

Feyzan Özgün Ersoy started her PhD in 2012 in a joint project between Belgian Nuclear Research Centre and Ghent University to investigate mechanical and microstructural properties of nuclear materials for Gen IV reactors. At the same time, she worked in the FP7 MATTER Project to contribute to developing guidelines for fracture toughness tests in lead-bismuth eutectic. This project was conducted collectively between 5 institutions and covered most of her PhD work.

Abstract:

Ferritic/martensitic T91 steel is an important structural material for the Lead Bismuth Eutectic (LBE) cooled Generation IV (Gen IV) reactors. One of the biggest challenges of using this material is though its mechanical properties are reported to degrade when the material is subjected to a combination of LBE and stresses. This phenomenon is known as Liquid Metal Embrittlement (LME). Therefore, a careful investigation of the interaction between LBE and T91 is required to assess the effect of LBE on the mechanical properties of the steel, define the conditions where LME occurs and determine possible mitigation strategies for Gen IV applications. Even though the degradation of mechanical properties of the T91 material was screened during tensile tests by ductility losses, more dedicated tests such as Fracture Toughness Tests (FTT) should also be performed for design purposes. However, FTT in LBE are technologically challenging. Conventionally, FTT are made based on the unloading compliance and/or potential drop methods. Unfortunately, LBE might chemically attack the clip gages used in the unloading compliance method, while the electrical conductivity of LBE interferes with the potential drop method. Moreover, LBE can also degrade the steel parts in the test set-up, posing additional challenges. Therefore, alternative methods and dedicated set-ups are needed for FTT in LBE. In this study, challanges in performing fracture toughness tests in LBE environment will be discussed. FTT results of T91 steel will be presented including the reference tests in inert environment and comparing them with the tests in LBE.

Biography:

Dr Khalid Fared Ahmed is an Assistant Professor of Physical Chemistry Department in Buraydah colleges – Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Abstract:

Material performance in many industrial applications is strongly affected by the behaviour of the surfaces. For example, corrosion response reactivity with environments, wear characteristics, and thermal properties are all critically dependent on surface character. Utilization of coatings to upgrade component performances is often a cost effective alternative to substitution of superior bulk materials. The advantage of coating technology, in general is that it marries two dissimilar materials to improve the performance of the whole. Usually mechanical strength and fracture toughness are being provided by the substrate and the coating provides protection against environmental degradation processes including wear, corrosion, erosion and biological and thermal attack. Steel alloys as a substrate material have very wide applications for blades, mill rolls, printing, piston rings, drilling equipment, gearbox, worm wheel and power generators. In such applications, the steel alloys substrates are subjected to higher thermal and mechanical loads. Increasing the anti-wear resistance and decrease of friction requires surface modification by other high wear resistant coatings. Recently, there are many surface modification processes to steel by the evolution of effective lubrication with higher performance to keep the lubricating systems running reliably and to avoid bearing and other component failures, and plasma thermal spray coatings process. Plasma spraying is the most versatile of the coating technologies. It may serve for "metalizing" all sorts of articles and has great advantages over the known galvanizing process in cases where it can be used to coat electrically non-conductive surfaces with metal. Spray materials must be melted and sprayed without decomposition or excessive vaporization in plasma flame through the optimum spray parameters. In plasma spray process, the spray material in the form of powder is rapidly brought to molten or near molten state by the plasma flame and then accelerated by a gas stream to impact a suitably prepared substrate. Upon impact, the molten metal droplets are rapidly flattened and solidify to form their splats. Microstructure and physical properties of sprayed coatings are linked to dynamic properties of molten particles impinging on a substrate.

Biography:

Dr Yan Huang is a Lecturer in the Institute of Materials and Manufacturing, Brunel University London, having previously worked as a Technical Director at Confae Technology Ltd (UK) from 2004 to 2010 and as a Senior Research Fellow at the University of Manchester from 1996 to 2004. He has extensive experience in physical metallurgy of light alloys and published over 70 peer reviewed journal papers.

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Abstract:

Interactions between solute atoms and grain boundaries have strong impact on the kinetics of grain boundary migration (GBM). It has been shown that GBM rate is dependent on boundary misorientation angle, rotation axis and geometry of boundary plane because solute-boundary interactions are largely determined by these boundary features. Grain size also affects GBM kinetics but the effect has been mainly related to the change in boundary curvature. The present work was conducted to investigate the effect of solute atoms on GBM in ultrafine/nanostructured materials, focusing on features of solute segregation and consequently GBM kinetics. GBM kinetics during deformation and annealing in high purity Al-Mg and Al-Cu aluminium alloys was examines and analysed. For alloys with small amount of solute additions, boundary segregation is found heterogenous in ultrfine/nanostructured materials due to the presence of excessive grain boundaries that can accommodate solute atoms. Grain boundaries with less or without solute segregation gain extra driving pressure for migration, leading to abnormal local grain growth. This contributes to the thermal instability of ultrafine/nanostructured materials. For alloys with saturated solute additions, boundary assisted precipitation takes place and Zener pinning dominates GBM behaviour. The thermal stability of the grain structure depends on the kinetics of precipitate growth. The driving pressure for GBM is inversely proportional to grain size and the influence of ultrfine/nanostructure on the thermodynamics of GBM is also discussed.

Biography:

Yo Tanaka received his PhD degree in Engineering at the University of Tokyo in 2007. He worked as an Assistant Professor at the Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, the University of Tokyo, Japan from 2008 to 2011. He has been working as a Unit Leader at Quantitative Biology Center, RIKEN, Japan, since 2011.

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Abstract:

Ultra thin glass is a glass sheet with a minimum thickness of a few micrometers fabricated using an overflow fusion downdraw process. In this lecture, application of this very flexible glass sheet to microfluidic devices is presented. Microfluidic technology is a major research field aiming to realize sophistication of analytical experiments. The most popular material in this field is Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) due to its low cost, self-sealing, and elastomeric property. However, chemical and physical instability is not enough. By contrast, glass is stable. In analytical field, optical transparency and durability against laser or acoustic wave is significant. But, glass is hard. So, it is difficult to make valves or pumps into a glass microchip. Here, ultra thin glass is used to make such fluidic devices exploiting the flexibility. Microchips were fabricated by wet-etching and thermal fusion to guarantee 100% glass. The valve function in a 100-µm width, 50-µm depth linear channel was then demonstrated. The durable pressure and the response time were comparable to similar PDMS-based valves. Peristaltic pump principle using 4-sequential valves was also demonstrated, and the flow rate was also comparable to conventional PDMS peristaltic pumps. This valve and pump system can be applied to wide range of fields using glass.

Biography:

Felix Jimenez-Villacorta is a Researcher at the Materials Science Institute of Madrid (ICMM-CSIC). After completion of his PhD in 2007, he worked for 3 years at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), in the characterization of magnetic nanostructured materials by X-ray absorption spectroscopy techniques. After that, he made a Post-doctoral stay at Northeastern University, conducting research on the development of rare-earth-free nanostructured permanent magnetic materials. He has published 64 papers (+3 under review) in reputed journals, including a review article, and 2 book chapters.

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Abstract:

The so-called “rare-earth crisis” in the 2010’s re-ignited investigation in the search for new concepts in permanent magnetic materials design. The key factor that determines this new joint global effort is that advanced fabrication and analysis methods with precision down to the nanoscale that combine composition and crystal structure control and optimization of the microstructure to manipulate the intrinsic magnetic properties of magnets (magnetization, exchange and magnetocrystalline anisotropy) or to enhance extrinsic magnetic features (remanence and coercivity) are now accessible. In this presentation, different strategies will be described in which nanostructuring and control of crystal structure and composition to the nanoscale through metallurgical non-equilibrium processing techniques convey optimization of the magnetic properties or advantageous modification of the fabrication process of new magnets. Two examples will be introduced. On one hand, a proof-of-concept of an exchange-biased magnet is presented, reproducing the special microstructure of anisotropic Alnico magnets in phase separated Fe-Co-Mn nanostructured alloys, as an alternative pathway for realization of novel rare-earth-free exchange-coupled magnets. Also, processing methods for nanostructured MnAl alloys are envisioned to promote formation of the intermetallic L10–type MnAl phase from a precursor -MnAl phase (exhibiting mictomagnetic character) with lowered phase transformation temperatures, providing an attractive low energy route for the fabrication of permanent magnets.

Biography:

Abbas Saeed Hakeem has completed his PhD from Stockolm University. He is a Reseach Scientist at Center of Excellence in Nanotechnology, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals. He has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals.

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Abstract:

Aluminosilicate oxynitride and cubic Boron Nitride (cBN) composites having excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability in room temperature to high temperature applications. In the present study, cubic Boron Nitride (cBN) reinforced alpha-Sialon nano-composites were prepared using Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) technique. The starting powders including Sialon precursors and various particles size of cBN (10, 20 and 30 wt.%) were homogeneously mixed by probe sonication before sintering. The effect of SPS processing parameters on the densification and mechanical behavior of these nano-composites were investigated. These cBN enabled in the densification sialon composite samples were analyzed for phase identification by X-ray diffraction. As well as, composite samples were evaluated to find cBN to hBN transformation in the Sialon matrix sintered at 1500 C. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) used for morphology and hardness and fracture toughness were measured.

Biography:

Kenta Arima is an Associate Professor in the Department of Precision Science and Technology in the Graduate School of Engineering in Osaka University, Japan. In 2000, he received his PhD in Precision Science and Technology from Osaka University. In 1997-2000, he was a junior research associate at RIKEN. He became an Assistant Professor in 2000 and has been an Associate Professor since 2009 at Osaka University. In 2007-2008, he was a visiting scholar in Materials Sciences Division in Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (USA). He is a member of four academic societies including Materials Research Society.

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Abstract:

Anion concentrations at the air/water interface of saline droplets are important in atmospheric and environmental chemistry, because gaseous halogens emitted from the droplet surface mediate various key tropospheric chemical processes. The purpose of this study is to reveal the ion segregation in deliquesced droplets of alkali halide nano-crystals on SiO2; noted that SiO2 was chosen as a model substrate for dust particles. First, the adsorption of water on alkali halide nano-crystals (KBr, KCl, KF, NaCl) on SiO2 was in-situ investigated by noncontact atomic force microscopy (AFM) in an amplitude-modulation mode with electrostatic forces. For KBr, KCl and NaCl, deliquesced droplets show negative surface potentials relative to the surrounding region, indicating the preferential segregation of Br- and Cl- anions to the air/solution interface, even in the presence of a liquid/solid interface located a few nanometers away. This trend is more drastic for larger anions, meaning that heterogeneous reactions of gas-phase molecules with saline droplets to emit gaseous halogens can be more significant with larger anions. Secondly, I used ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In-situ XPS spectra of a deliquesced droplet of KBr on SiO2 demonstrate that Br- ions are segregated at the air/droplet interface, which agrees with the AFM results. Thirdly, I introduce our recent challenge to fabricate a transistor with a gate insulator of SiO2. The point of this transistor is a water droplet acting as a gate material instead of metals. After showing its design and device process, I present some results of electrical characteristics of the water-droplet/SiO2/Si transistor.

Biography:

Reshef Tenne earned his Ph.D. in 1976 in the Hebrew University. He joined the Weizmann Institute in 1979, where he was promoted to a professor in 1995. He headed the Department of Materials and Interfaces and was the director of the G. Schmidt Minerva Center for Supramolecular Chemistry (2000-2007) and the Helen and Martin Kimmel Center for Nanoscale Science (2003-2014). He held the Drake Family Chair in Nanotechnology (2003-2014) until his retirement. Among his recognitions were the Materials Research Society Medal (2005); The Kolthoff Prize in Chemistry of the Technion, Israel (2005); The Israel Vacuum Society Excellence in Science Prize (2006); The Landau Prize of the Israeli Lottery in Nanotechnology (2005); was nominated MRS Fellow in 2008; received the Israel Chemical Society Prize (2008) and the European Research Society (ERC) Advanced Research Grant (2008). He became Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, elected to the Israel Academy of Sciences and Academia Europaea in 2011 and was chosen to deliver the CNR Rao Award Lecture (Indian Chemical Res. Soc.) in 2012. He received the Gold Medal of the Israel Chemical Society (2015) and the Rothschild Prize for Physical and Chemical Sciences (2016).

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Abstract:

Some new aspects of nanmechanics and nanotribology with fullerene-like (IF) and nanotubes (INT) of WS2 (MoS2) will be discussed. New experimental work on the mechanical behavior of individual nanoparticles will be presented and discussed. These experiments were established in order to address specific questions, like the mechanical strength of such nanoparticle under compression. In the next series of slides, the mechanical and tribological properties of nanocomposites based on such nanoparticles will be shown and discussed. Finally, the wetting of individual WS2 nanotubes by liquids will be discussed.

Biography:

Agne Swerin is Research Director at SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden – Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces and Troëdsson Professor in Forest-based Surface Chemistry at KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science.

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Abstract:

A pigment coating was developed to achieve superhydrophobicity in one step from a waterborne formulation containing aragonite calcium carbonate, hydrophobized using sodium oleate, latex binder and cross-linker. Coatings formulated ≤50 mass% and applied to polyethylene coated paperboard substrates displayed typical superhydrophobic features: water contact angles ≥150°, low roll-off angle and low stain sizes, but poor scratch and water resistance as well as foaming issues during preparation. Reformulation at higher solids content significantly improved scratch and water resistance properties. Water rinsing of the dried coatings further increased the water barrier capacity due to reduced surfactant-assisted wetting; findings were corroborated by detailed surface chemistry analyses showing the removal of surface-active components after water rinsing of the dried coatings. A plausible cause for the improved durability is the fact that capillary forces increase exponentially with increasing pigment volume fraction (power law exponent of 2.2) leading to efficient binder coverage during the early stage of pigment coating consolidation.

Biography:

Johann G Meier studied Chemistry from 1991-1996 at Humboldt-University Berlin. He graduated with a Master thesis on photo-orientation of liquid crystal side chain polymer films. He then went to Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, working on chiral and polar effects in liquid crystals in the group of S. T. Lagerwall, receiving his Doctorate for the discovery, characterization and description of an anti-ferroelectric twist grain boundary liquid crystalline phase in 2002. From 2002-2006, he was Post-Doc at Deutsches Institut für Kautschuktechnologie (DIK); Hanover, focusing there on reinforcement of elastomers, polymer-nanoparticle interactions and filler network structures. Since October 2006 he has been at the Instituto Tecnológico de Aragón, Zaragoza were he has built-up the research line on polymer nanocomposites. He has authored more than 30 papers.

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Abstract:

We report on the preparation and resulting mechanical and tribological properties of polymer nanocomposites (PNC) based on nanotubes of tungsten disulfide (WS2) and nanowires of Mo6S2I8 (MoSI) with both; a semicrystalline apolar and an amorphous polar thermoplastic polymer (i-PP, PC). The PNCs were obtained by melt-mixing of nanoparticles into polymer using a lab-scale conical twin-screw extruder. We present the results of the mechanical and tribological properties of the PNC in function of NP-concentration and processing conditions. Most, interesting is the fact that excellent reinforcement of both polymer matrices is obtained with both types of nanoparticle morphologies (wires and tubes). Up to 1.5 wt% nanoparticle concentration one observes a steady increase of Young’s modulus. Higher concentrations mark a plateau, which is ca. 25% higher than the pure polymer matrix. Estimates of the fibre aspect ratio, employing the reinforcement model of Halpin and Tsai, give very high values that are apparently beyond any physical sense, marking the limits of the Halpin-Tsai model. We point out that the extremely high reinforcing effect cannot be attributed to the induction of crystallinity nor changes in the crystalline morphology, because the effect occurs in the amorphous matrix as well. Studies of the tribological properties of the i-PP composites revealed a reduction of the friction coefficient by ca. 25% at a concentration of 1.5wt%. Composites with WS2-nanotubes performed better than nanowires of Mo6S2I8. Likewise wear rate was reduced by ca. 25%, although here the nanowires of Mo6S2I8 showed better results.

Biography:

S Rajendran holds MSc, MPhil, PhD degrees and is an Associate Professor at Saraswathi Narayanan College and a Coordinator of Unit of Rural Biotechnology at Saraswathi Narayanan College, India. He has over 50 scientific papers and projects either presented or published. He is an internationally recognized Expert in many areas of Environmental biology including solid waste management, waste water treatment, anaerobic digestion, biofuel, bioenergy production and formulator of bio-pesticide and herbicide. He is serving as a Reviewer in many biological journals. He has delivered a key note speech in various international conferences and also given invited lectures in various educational institutions and universities. He has also chaired the scientific sessions in conferences. He is one of the leading Scientific Writers in Tamil Dailies. He has conducted more than 30 scientific workshops for the upliftment of rural people and women self help groups. He also had given training to municipalities employees about garbage disposal. His excellence in environmental science he was awarded with Patron of Environment by Tamil Nadu Government in 2006. He also is serving as a Consultant in many of the environmental organizations. His research group is actively working in the following aspects: MSW management, mushroom culture, biofuel generation, waste water treatment and bio-pesticide and herbicide development. His work in biological derustification is a novel pioneer technique and growing area in the environmental biotechnology. He obtained his degrees from Saraswathi Narayanan College, Madurai Kamaraj University, India.

Abstract:

Solid state fermentation (SSF) is process in which micro organisms or fungi are grown on solid substrates at low moisture or water level. SSF offers greatest possibilities when fungi are used. SSF has been successfully applied for large scale production of enzymes, organic acids, secondary metabolites, bio control agents, bio -ethanol etc. Therefore, in this present study attempts were made to apply SSF for converting municipal solid wastes in to fuel briquettes .Pulverized MSW samples were collected from garbage dumping site of Madurai (Indian city) corporation and were disinfected. The preprocessed samples were taken in poly bag fermenters along with Pleurotus fungus spawn for SSFermentation. After 40 days fermentation the substrates were mixed with a known amount of coal or charcoal powder and were moulded into briquettes. Calorific value, bulk density, smoke emission, production cost of briquettes was analyzed. The results revealed that the application of SSF technology is seems to be a No-cost technology for fuel production from MSW and It may be a method to involve common public in MSW disposal or management.

Biography:

Seydina KEBE has passed a Master’s degree in Chemistry at the University of Evry Val d’Essone in 2013. Then he started a Ph.D in materials chemistry at the East-Paris Institute of Chemistry and Materials focusing on nanostructured polymeric materials for analytic and catalytic sciences.

Abstract:

Over the last years, crucial issues for our developped countries such as on-continuing urban development, climate changes, long term viability of production and consumption systems, degradation of populations health, atmospheric and water pollutions, uses of natural resources... are at the heart of the many debates with both social and economical challenges. For instance, evaluating and reducing the impact of chemicals on the environment require a global vision, ranging from analytical chemistry, treatment of contaminated effluents and to optimization of synthetic methods towards environmentally-friendly processes. In this contribution, metal nanoparticles-decorated polymeric monoliths are proposed as smart nanostructured materials providing efficient solutions for trace detection of pollutants (parabens, pesticides, phenols and anilines) in real samples as well as chemical treatment of toxic chemicals (nitroarenes) into their benign counterparts. Indeed, polymer monolith exibit channel-like pores allowing fast mass transfer and can be easily synthesized with a large panel of surface chemical functionality. As such, polymeric monoliths have been successfully applied in many fields of flow chemistry including chromatography separation, SERS detection and support for catalysis. Herien, polymeric monoliths based on N-acryloxysuccinimide were synthesized within micro-channels through easy and energy-efficient UV-driven processes. In a further step, implementation of click strategies usually referred to as atom economy methods, have been implemented to functionalizing the surface of monoliths with chelating groups allowing the robust anchoring of metal nanocatalysts.[1] The as-obtained nancomposites were characterized by a combination of complementary methods such energy dispersive analysis, Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy providing chemical composition, structural and morphological information.[2] As a major result, it will be shown that controlling the surface molecular structure of monoliths enables (i) designing miniaturized separation columns allowing the successful separation of parabens with efficiencies as high as the ones reported for commercial systems; (ii) the specific immobilization of nanometals (Au, Pd, Pt, Ag). Of particular interest, it will be shown that the in-situ synthesis of nanoparticles with controlled shape (nanoflowers & nanocubes vs. nanospheres), size and size distribution, at the monolith’s surface leads to the design of microreactors allowing the flow-through catalytic decontamination reactions of pesticides such as Trifluralin, and pendimetalin. Superiority of flow-through monoliths vs their bulk counterpart is undoubtedly demonstrated, notably in terms of reaction time, selectivity in chemical reaction, no need of catalyst recovery, reaction yield and easiness of product work-up.

Biography:

Dr. Lee D. Wilson (Ph.D.-chemistry),now is an Associate professor chemistry, at the University of Saskatchewan with research interests in a variety of areas. He specializes in Physical Chemistry and Materials Science and is currently researching the development of new types of materials (e.g., molecular sponges) that will have a tremendous impact on areas such as the environment, biotechnology, medicine, chemical delivery/separation systems, and membrane materials for water purification. This research will be of great importance to Aboriginal communities in Canada that suffer from water quality and health issues and require point-of-use treatment strategies. Wilson completed a PhD in Physical Chemistry from the University of Saskatchewan (1998) becoming the first Métis student to earn such a degree. Wilson is the recipient of several scientific and community awards including the Governor General’s Gold Medal in the Physical Sciences & Engineering, 2004 National Aboriginal Achievement Award (Science and Technology), and the Saskatchewan 2006 Centennial Medal. In 2008, Wilson was nominated as “Scientist of the Month” by the Saskatchewan Science Network. Wilson has provided mentorship and inspiration to Aboriginal youth through the Innovators in the Schools Program, Canadian Aboriginal Science & Technology Society, and has developed science programs and camps for Aboriginal students at the University of Saskatchewan.

Abstract:

Challenges exist for the study of time dependent sorption processes for heterogeneous systems; especially in the case of dispersed nanomaterials in solvents or solutions because they are not well suited to conventional batch kinetic experiments. In this study, a comparison of batch versus two types of one-pot configurations were studied to evaluate the kinetic uptake properties in heterogeneous (solid/ solution) systems: i) conventional batch method, ii) one-pot system with dispersed adsorbent in solution within a barrier for in situ sampling, and iii) one-pot system with an adsorbent confined inside a barrier with ex situ sampling. The sorbent systems evaluated herein include several cyclodextrin-based polymers and carbonaceous materials with variable types of dye probes. The one-pot kinetics method with in situ (method ii) or ex situ (method iii) sampling described herein offers significant advantages for the study of heterogeneous sorption kinetics of highly dispersed sorbent materials with particles sizes that range across the micron to nanometer scale. The method described herein will contribute positively to the development of advanced studies for heterogeneous sorption processes where and understanding of the relative uptake properties is required at variable experimental conditions. The one-pot method offers key advantages for the study of conventional polymers to specialized nanomaterials for the study of heterogeneous sorption-based processes.

Biography:

Dr. Shyam V. Vaidya is a Principal Scientist in Diagnostics Process Design R&D’s Diluent Research and Formulation group at Abbott Laboratories. His focus of research is understanding the physico-chemical interactions between various immunoassay excipients at interfaces and applying the findings to further design and development of robust, sensitive and specific diagnostic immunoassay tests. Shyam graduated in Chemical Engineering from the City University of New York with focus of development of multiplexing high-throughput screening schemes using quantum dots embedded in polymer microspheres.

Abstract:

The protein resistant properties of a chemical vapor deposited alkyl-functional carboxysilane coating (Dursan®) were compared to that of an amorphous fluoropolymer (AF1600) coating and stainless steel by studying non-specific adsorption of various proteins onto the coating surfaces using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). A wash solution with non-ionic surfactant, polyoxyethyleneglycol dodecyl ether (or Brij 35), facilitated 100% removal of residual bovine serum albumin (BSA), mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG), and normal human plasma proteins from the Dursan surface, whereas these proteins remained adsorbed on the bare stainless steel surface. Mechanical stress in the form of sonication demonstrated robustness of the Dursan coating to mechanical wear and showed no impact on the coating’s ability to prevent adsorption of plasma proteins. Surface delamination was observed in case of the sonicated AF1600 coatings and it led to adsorption of plasma proteins. The combination of the robust alkyl-functional carboxysilane coating (Dursan) and non-ionic surfactant in the wash buffer that we have reported here is certainly a step forward toward mitigation of surface biofouling in biotechnological applications, specifically in case of automated immunoassay analyzers, reagent manufacturing, and filling setups.

Biography:

Mohammad Sideeq Rather has completed his PhD from Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Hazratbal Srinagar-190006 and is pursuing Post-doctoral studies from Special Centre for Nano science, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar India. He has published more than 8 papers in reputed journals and has teaching experience of 4 years in higher education department. He has also qualified NET-JRF examinations and has received JRF, SRF and RA fellowship from many organizations like University Grants commission, Department of Science and Technology New Delhi, India.

Abstract:

An improved way and surfactant free approach has been employed for the synthesis of Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles at very low temperature of 110°C. This new approach is based on a reaction of bismuth powder and de-ionized (DI) water without the use of any additives or surfactants. XRD and SEM have been employed to characterize the Bi2O3 nanoparticles. By the morphological investigations using SEM, it was observed that the grown Bi2O3 products are having dimensions in the range of 3 nm to 25 nm. The reported method besides being organics free is economical, fast and free of pollution, which will make it suitable for large scale production.

Biography:

Ms Houda Msouni is a faculty for Inorganic Materials Science and Applications and also for Science Semlalia at Cadi Ayyad University, Morocco. She was also at Dynamic Unit and Molecular Structure of Materials at the University of Littoral, France.

Abstract:

The dielectric properties and microstructure of co-doped B-site and A-site BaTiO3 solid solution of the type (Ba, M) (Ti, M’) O3 were investigated. The influence of extremely small amount of Sr, Sn, Zr and Ca dopants on the microstructure and the dielectric characteristics of BaTiO3 were studied systematically. These compositions were designed using the conventional mixed oxide technique and the XRD analysis results indicated that no secondary phase was formed. The microstructure of sintered pellets was studied by SEM at room temperature. The dielectric measurements showed that the BSTZ ceramic present the highest permittivity at 25°C and 100kHz with the value of 2600, whereas the crystallite size was found to approach 32.3 nm. The BaTiO3 ceramic with Sr at A-site has no phase transition above room temperature, while ceramics with Sn at B-site present ferroelectric – para-electric transition with sharp transition. Finally, the ceramic with Zr at B-site exhibit normal ferroelectric-para-electric transition with Tc=97°C. The effect of doping was been studied and analyzed using the AC complex impedance spectroscopy technique to obtain the electrical parameters of polycrystalline samples in a wide frequency range at different temperatures. The piezoelectric properties were also studied.