International Conference and Exhibition on Materials Chemistry March 30-31, 2016 Valencia, Spain

Biography:

Michael W. Tausch studied chemistry at the Polytechnic Institute of Bucharest, Romania, from 1967 to 1972. He subsequently studied mathematics and educational sciences in Bremen and Oldenburg, both Germany, and received his Ph.D from the University of Bremen in 1981. He was a teacher for chemistry and mathematics from 1976–1996. In 1996, he completed his habilitation at the University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany and became Professor for Chemistry and Chemical Education there. In 2005, he moved to the Department for Chemistry Didactics at Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Germany. He has published more than 222 papers and textbooks.

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Abstract:

A fundamental demand on science education today is to communicate core principles of chemistry, physics, biology and informatics in close combination with everyday life experiences of students as well as with convincing applications from modern science and technology. Photochemical and photophysical processes are par excellence suitable to fulfill this requirement. Therefore research in science education is challenged to develop experiments, concepts and teaching materials which help to interpret and communicate photoprocesses in a manner, that it is both, exciting and understandable. Adequate teaching concepts, experiments and materials have bridge the gap between the state of the art in science and technology and the everyday educational activities in high schools, colleges and universities. Starting from N. J. Turro’s paradigm of the excited states of molecules as “the heart of all photoprocesses” and their interpretation as “an electronic isomer of the ground state”, a set of variations of this big idea, related models and further teaching materials have been developed in order to introduce and investigate different types of photoprocesses without and with chemical transformation. In this lecture a series of experiments leading to the concepts of photo-, chemo- and electroluminescence, energy and electron transfer, photoisomerization and photosteady will be presented and discussed together with actual applications of these phenomena. Using selected classes of photoprocesses a gradual theoretical approach based on experimental observations will be proposed. As an example the fluorescence will be exemplified and discussed from the simple case of a luminescent dye in solution until the luminescence depletion or amplification in aggregated systems.

Biography:

Rubén D. Costa got his Ph.D. on the design of ionic transition-metal complexes for thin-film lighting sources at the Institute of Molecular Science in 2010. From 2011 to 2013, he was a Humboldt Postdoc at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) working on nanocarbon-based solar cells. Since 2013, he is junior group leader at the FAU. His current research interest concerns the design of new hybrid materials (organic/inorganic) and their utilization in thin-film optoelectronics, in which he is considered as a well-established researcher. This is supported by the h-index (h=25) and the number of citations (>1800), publications (>70), and awards/scholarships (15).

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Abstract:

Hybrid organic-inorganic materials are heralded to head into the next generation of lighting technologies. In this context, our efforts encompass three main actions, namely the development of suitable third-generation of electroluminescent materials for ionic-based lighting devices, the application of nanocarbon-based hybrids in lighting devices, and the development of bio-inspired components for lighting, energy conversion, and diagnostic applications. Herein, the implementation of the third generation of materials – i.e., lighting perovskite nanoparticles, small molecules, and copper(I) complexes – for light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) will be presented as new approaches to develop deep-red, blue, and white lighting sources.1 Finally, a new strategy to stabilize any type of bio-components – i.e., enzymes, fluorescent proteins, etc.  in a rubber‐like material will be described. As an example, the latter was applied to fabricate the first bio-inspired hybrid light-emitting diodes featuring a bottom-up energy transfer protein-based cascade coatings. The synergy between the excellent features of fluorescent proteins and the easily processed rubber produces bio‐HLEDs with less than 10% loss in luminous efficiency over 100 hours.

Biography:

Marc Devocelle has completed his PhD at the University of Lille (France) under contract with a pharmaceutical company. He subsequently joined RCSI in 1999 as a postdoctoral researcher and became manager of the Peptide Synthesis Laboratory in 2000. He has since been appointed as a Lecturer in 2004, a Senior Lecturer in 2008 and an Associate Professor of Chemistry in 2014. His laboratory is involved in over 25 collaborations with 14 academic groups across 8 HEIs in Ireland, 2 SMEs and 1 MNC.

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Abstract:

Peptides are essential biomolecules with widespread applications, including pharmaceutical, biotechnological and in biomaterials. They are in particular an emerging class of new therapeutic candidates, but their clinical development can be limited by a number of shortcomings. Conjugation to polymers and peptidomimetic conversion are among the main technologies which have been successfully implemented to improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of peptides and proteins. In this research, both novel functionalised linear poly(ethylene glycol)s for peptide conjugation and polymer-based peptidomimetics are presented. In the former case, modified PEG backbones with high peptide loading capacities were synthesised and different conjugation chemistries investigated for their functionalization. The candidates produced can be used as peptide-based targeted drug delivery vehicles, nanomedicines or polymeric prodrugs. In the latter case, 2 classes of biologically active peptides were subjected to the novel peptidomimetic conversion. The candidates generated by this approach can reproduce or surpass the biological activity of their parent peptides, while displaying no toxicity (determined by epithelial cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, plasma membrane permeability and nuclear morphology). The performances of some of these candidates are close to those of reference commercial reagents.

Biography:

Martin Baumgarten has completed his PhD in 1988 from the Free University of Berlin and went for Postdoctoral studies to Princeton University. Since 1990 he is a Project Head at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research and habilitated later and became Professor at the Johannes Gutenberg-University in Mainz. He has coauthored more than 250 papers in reputed journals.

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Abstract:

Starting from cyclopentadithiophene-benzothisdiazoles, we varied the side chains from hexadecyl to branched decyl-tetradecyl ones and further included linear cis and trans-alkenes which had a major influence on the backbone packing. We further concluded to strengthen the acceptor part upon introducing thiadiazoloquinoxalines leading to a lowering of the LUMO levels and more suited ambipolar character. Upon condensation of the diamino benzothiadiazoles with benzodithiophene-dione phenthrene-dione and phenanthroline-dione the acceptor part could be further strengthened and open a variety of new copolymers and small molecule acceptor structures.

Biography:

Jorge Teno Díaz received his degree in Materials Engineering in 2013 from the University Rey Juan Carlos (Spain). He received his master degree also in Structural Materials for New Technologies in 2014 from the University Rey Juan Carlos and University Carlos III of Madrid. Since 2015 Jorge Teno Díaz is doing his Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering Department from University Carlos III of Madrid in the research group of Professor González-Benito. His current research activities focus on characterization of nanocomposite materials produced by Solution Blow Spinning technique, using a variety of microscopic imaging methods, FT-IR spectroscopy and fluorescence based methods.

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Abstract:

In Polymer Science, knowing macromolecular chains dynamics (i.e. how and why they move) is one of the most important issues to understand properties of polymers. In this sense, a good starting point might be to know if certain motions of a group or groups of atoms is the main driving force of the polymer dynamics. Therefore, instruments capable of extracting information at a local scale are essential to carry out these studies. However, the most conventional techniques used to give information about polymers dynamics are based on signals coming from changes occurring in the sample as a whole. This is the case of the differential scanning calorimetry, DSC, which measures changes in the heat capacity or the dynamic mechanical analysis, DMA, which monitors the change in the modulus of a material. Although in both cases results can be interpreted from changes in the local dynamics, the direct information from those molecular sites are not actually obtained. In fact, the deductive thought starts from a macroscopic information given by the experiments whose molecular origin will be speculations the most of times. Therefore, the way of avoiding this kind of speculations would be to achieve information at a molecular scale sensitive to the polymers relaxations or to the motions of polymers chains. Infrared spectroscopy and fluorimetry by using fluorescent labels seem to be the answer since they are very easy handling and low cost techniques. In polymers spectroscopy the study of band shapes and widths is a common practice since they are related to the distribution of different local environments experienced by the absorbing or emitting groups. In this communication, by using some examples, useful basics about infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence will be given in order to study and interpret macromolecular dynamics in polymers and polymer composites.

Biography:

Prof. Dr. Werner Karl Schomburg obtained his diploma in theoretical physics at the University of Kiel in 1983. In 1987 at the University of Munich he obtained his Ph.D. in experimental nuclear physics. He then was working for the LIGA process at Karlsruhe and became leader of a group developing low-cost micro fluidic devices from polymers. Since 2004 Prof. Schomburg has been head of a research group at RWTH Aachen University. His research interests are ultrasonic fabri¬ca-tion of micro devices from thermoplastic polymers. From 2006 to 2009 he was every year teaching for 3 weeks at Tsinghua University at Beijing. Recently, the 2nd edition of his book “Introduction to Microsystem Design” has been issued. He has published more than 220 scientific papers.

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Abstract:

Ultrasonic fabrication is a new way to generate microfluidic chips. Micro channels are pro-duced by ultrasonic hot embossing with a commercially available ultrasonic welding machine in a few seconds. A stack of polymer films is placed onto a tool with protruding micro structures. The stack is pressed onto the tool and ultrasonic vibrations generate friction heat and melt the polymer. The polymer adapts to the shape of the micro structures on the tool and har¬dens again by cooling down after the ultrasound is switched off. Then a single micro patterned piece of polymer is removed from the tool. A new tool can be fabricated by milling of an aluminum plate within a few hours. Therefore, this process requires both investment costs of a few 10,000 € and cycle times of a few seconds. Besides this, the fabrication can be changed to a new design or a new polymer in a few hours or a few minutes, respectively. Nearly every thermoplastic polymer can be processed this way. By ultrasonic welding, micro channels generated by ultrasonic hot embossing are closed with a lid or another micro patterned layer. This way, chemical micro reactors, micro systems for bio-logical investigations and analysis chips for disease diagnosis have been fabricated. In Fig. 2 there are shown on the left a polymer chip including micro structures for intercepting bubbles, a mixer and a cuvette. In the middle of Fig. 2 there is seen a cut through the micro nozzle on a chemical micro reactor. The nozzle has a circular cross-section and was made of two ultra¬sonically hot embossed polymer layers welded on top of each other. On the right of the same figure there is shown a heat exchanger with three layers of micro channels on top of each other.

Biography:

M. Gracia García-Martín received her Ph.D. degree in Pharmacy from the University of Seville (Spain) in 1985, in the carbohydrate chemistry field. She got a Fulbright Postdoctoral Fellowship to move to Ohio State University (USA, 1986-88). She was appointed Tenure Professor at the Department of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of the University of Seville in 1990, and accredited to Full Professor in 2014. She has published about 40 scientific papers in reputed journals. Her current research interest focuses on the preparation of sugar-based monomers for the synthesis and characterization of biodegradable polymers for biomedical applications.

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Abstract:

The development of biocompatible synthetic polymers is an emergent research field because they are specially demanded for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Materials of this kind are scarcely obtained from natural resources. Being petroleum the main source, the low biocompatibility and biodegradability of synthetic petroleum-based polymers have focused the interest in natural renewing resources for the chemical synthesis of polymers. Some biobased materials are being prepared from biobased monomers to increase biocontent, while other systems provide total biorenewable materials for the chemical synthesis of polymers. Since biocompatibility and biodegradability are inherent features of carbohydrates, which are the most representative example of readiliy available natural renewable resources, synthetic carbohydrate-based polymers generate great expectations. They can be obtained from readily availabe monosaccharides such as glucose, galctose, xilose, arabinose, among others. However, the synthesis of the monosaccharide-based monomers implies, for instance, previous protection of hydroxyl groups or activation of unreactive carboxylic acid groups. In addition to their multiple functionalities, they present wide stereochemical diversity, thus these synthetic polymers would be able to mimic functional biological polymers. On the other hand, the hydrophilic nature of the resulting materials affords enhanced hydrolytic degradability. Carbohydrate-based polymers such as polyamides, polyesters, polyesteramides, polycarbonates, polyureas, polyurethanes and polytriazoles have been prepared, as well as chemical modifications of commercial petroleum-based polymers like PET.

Biography:

Michael W. Tausch studied chemistry at the Polytechnic Institute of Bucharest, Romania, from 1967 to 1972. He subsequently studied mathematics and educational sciences in Bremen and Oldenburg, both Germany, and received his Ph.D from the University of Bremen in 1981. He was a teacher for chemistry and mathematics from 1976–1996. In 1996, he completed his habilitation at the University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany and became Professor for Chemistry and Chemical Education there. In 2005, he moved to the Department for Chemistry Didactics at Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Germany. He has published more than 222 papers and textbooks.

Abstract:

For investigating successfully, the mechanisms and techniques of light conversion into other energies, including energy storage in high energetic chemical compounds, we have to learn from nature. Doing so we realize that effective biological systems like those in green leaves and in human eyes are in fact photoactive nano machines. That’s, why I say “Photo & Nano is a successful couple in using solar radiation on this planet”. So we have to search for artificial nano systems able to do act as photocatalysts. A model experiment called Photo-Blue-Bottle PBB simulating the natural cycle of photosynthesis and respiration has been developed and will be presented in this talk. It is practicable in homogeneous as well as in heterogeneous systems. There are following similarities between the reaction cycles in the PBB experiment and the natural cycles of photosynthesis and respiration: i) the carbon cycle in natural photosynthesis and respiration is similar to the substrate (ethylviologene) cycle in the PBB experiment, ii) the photocatalyst (proflavine or titanium dioxide) in the experiment works in principle similar like chlorophylls and other pigments in green leaves, iii) the photocatalytic active species must absorb the available light, iv) all reactions occur in aqueous solution, v) the oxidizing agent is oxygen from air in both cases, vi) the reduction needs light as driving force and vii) in the PBB experiment as well as in the natural photosynthesis light is converted into chemical energy and stored in the reduced substrate. The different versions of the PBB experiment suitable for investigating i) – vii) will be carried out at this conference in the workshop “Conversion of Light into Chemical Energy”.

Biography:

Abstract:

We report on the synthesis of kilometers of continuous macroscopic fibers made up of carbon nanotubes (CNT) of controlled number of layers, ranging from singlewalled to multiwalled, tailored by the addition of sulfur as a catalyst promoter during chemical vapor deposition in the direct fiber spinning process. The progressive transition from single-walled through collapsed double-walled to multiwalled is clearly seen by an upshift in the 2D (G′) band and by other Raman spectra features. The increase in number of CNT layers and inner diameter results in a higher fibre macroscopic linear density and greater reaction yield (up to 9%). Through a combination of multiscale characterization techniques (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, organic elemental analysis, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and synchrotron XRD) we establish the composition of the catalyst particles and position in the isothermal section of the C−Fe−S ternary diagram at 1400 °C. This helps explain the unusually low proportion of active catalyst particles in the direct spinning process (<0.1%) and the role of S in limiting C diffusion and resulting in catalyst particles not being in thermodynamic equilibrium with solid carbon, therefore producing graphitic edge growth instead of encapsulation. The increase in CNT layers is a consequence of particle coarsening and the ability of larger catalyst particles to accommodate more layers for the same composition. We further present the distribution of CNT chiralities obtained from ED, Raman spectroscopy and Emission spectra and discuss these findings in the context of the current screw dislocation growth model accepted in the field. Finally, we show the application of basic polymer fibre spinning principles to produce highly oriented CNT fibres by reducing entanglements in the gas phase through CNT dilution. The resulting fibres have tensile properties superior to those of Kevlar, high electrical conductivity and a very large surface area. The exploitation of these properties in sensors, supercapacitors and other devices is briefly demonstrated.

Biography:

Claudio Pettinari is full professor of General and Inorganic Chemistry at Camerino University since 2010. He has published more than 330 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute. Winner of the Nasini Prize and Bonati Medal from the Italian Chemical Society, Member of the Lisbon Academy of Science, Member of the Advisory Board of Organometallics, Inorg. Chim. Acta and Bioinorg. Chem. App. Chair of the Internayon School of Organometallic Chemistry.

Abstract:

Coordination polymers (CPs) [1] has recorded a massive expansion in the past two decades, due to the promising functionalities they may possess, ranging from magnetism [2], to catalytic activity [3], as well as, when permanent porosity is present, gas storage [4] or separation [4]. The huge importance of these materials is manifested by the great interest they have raised even at the industrial level [5]. Due to the possibility of tuning the stereochemistry at the metal ions, by changing hapticity, size, shape and functionality of the ligands/spacers, and influencing the metal centre through steric and electronic effects, CPs can exhibit important advantages, with respect to inorganic polymeric materials, mainly in terms of versatility of the possible architectural topologies that can be constructed. Taking into account that azolates are polytopic synthons suitable to generate CPs frameworks, in the recent years we studied the interaction of several metal ions with dinitrogen ligands obtaining different compounds depending on the reaction conditions and counter-ion choice. Here we want present an overview on poly(pyrazole)- and poly(pyrazolate)-based CPs, built up with selected transition metals – namely copper, zinc, cobalt, cadmium, nickel, silver and iron - that have been prepared and characterized in the last period. The description of the complexes will be complemented by information on their thermal behaviour, main structural aspects and, whenever investigated, their functional properties.

Biography:

Shi Xue Dou is Distingiushed Professor and Director of the Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong. He received his PhD in Chemistry in 1984 at Dalhousie University, Canada and DSc at the University of New South Wales in 1998. He was elected as a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Technological Science and Engineering in 1994. He was awarded the Australian Government’s Centenary Medal in 2003 for his contribution to materials science and engineering and Australian Professorial Fellowships by Australian Research Council in 1993, 2002 and 2007, respectively. He is a program leader for Automotive Corporative Research Centre - 2020. His research interest includes energy storage, superconductors and electronic materials. He has supervised 70 PhD students , more than 50 postdoctoral and visiting fellows who have been widely spread within broad scientific and technological field in five continents.

Abstract:

Energy storage has become a game changer in entire energy system and critical element for integration of renewable energy to power supply system. Rapid increase in renewable energy leads to smart buildings, smart grid and smart cities but these are impossible without energy storage. We have pursued a smart sodium storage system to be an alternative to Li ion battery (LIB) as sodium ion battery (SIB) is technically competitive and commercially advantageous vs LIB. We report synthesis of uniform yolk-shell iron sulphide/carbon nano-spheres as cathode materials for the emerging sodium sulfide battery to achieve remarkable high capacity, delivering energy density even higher than Li ion battery. The low-cost and sustainable Na/FeS@C battery with ultrahigh energy density is a promising candidate for stationary energy storage. 3D nitrogen chemically modified graphene can be used as anode to significantly improve the overall performance of sodium ion battery, delivered high initial reversible capacity much higher than the state-the-art anode for Li ion battery. N-doping induced defects to facilitate the diffusion of the large-size sodium ions, enhance the storage of sodium ions and minimize the effect of volume expansion during discharge–charge processes. We developed a scalable ultrasonic exfoliation technique to synthesize MoS2 nano-sheets to achieve high-rate transportation of sodium ions when used as anode materials in sodium-ion batteries. MoS2 nano-sheets exhibit a high, reversible sodium storage capacity and excellent cyclability. A novel Sn-P composite in large quantities is prepared by direct low-speed ball milling of the P and Sn using CMC binder delivered high discharge capacity and a good cycle life. As a general approach, a bottom-up method is proposed to synthesis ultrathin 2D transitional metal oxide nano-sheets from molecules for broad range of electrode materials preparation which has high surface area and high reactivity.

Biography:

Sheila Devasahayam has received her PhD from University of Queensland, National Metallurgical Laboratory-CSIR and University of Madras, India. She has completed her Postdoctoral studies from Stanford University of Sydney and UNSW, Australia. She has published more than 35 papers in reputed journals/books.

Abstract:

Australia has major reserves of black and brown coals with very low impurities. But some coal’s 48-70% moisture content badly reduces their heat generation capability. Energy penalties associated with evaporative drying are very high due to the high heat capacity of water. The alternate non-evaporative drying of coal by methods such as hydrothermal dewatering/high shear extrusion still produces coals with high residual moisture. The aim of this proposal is to significantly dry black & brown coal at room temperature by osmotic transfer of coal's bulk water to a cheap recyclable Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) in repeated reuse with little degradation.

Biography:

Yogeshwar Sahai is a Professor Emeritus in Materials Science & Engineering Department at The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA. He obtained his PhD from Imperial College of Science and Technology, University of London, England in 1979. He was a Research Associate at McGill University, Montreal, Canada before joining the Faculty Position at OSU in January 1983. He was Distinguished Visiting Professor at Tohoku University in Japan during 1995-96. His research is in clean energy areas, including fuel cells, batteries, polymeric electrolyte membranes, and catalysts for electrochemical applications. He has published over 140 technical papers in peer reviewed journals and refereed proceedings, and has published 5 books and 5 patents. His text book on “Fundamentals of Electrochemical Energy Devices” will soon be published by World Scientific Publishers. He has received several awards for his teaching, research, and leadership from professional societies, universities, and industries.

Abstract:

Chemical and electrochemical reactions are important in developing new and cost effective materials for fuel cell development. A chitosan-based chemical hydrogel membrane and catalyst binder were developed by the authors and used in alkaline Direct Borohydride Fuel Cells (DBFCs). The chitosan-based borohydride fuel cell gave more than 50 % higher power performance than the commercial Nafion-based one. The authors are the first to develop a chitosan membrane which resulted in much higher power density than the commercially used Nafion-based membranes. The chitosan-based catalyst binder also gave about 20% higher power density values than Nafion as catalyst binder. This chitosan-based membrane has also been successful in alkaline ethanol fuel cells. The estimated cost of chitosan-based membrane is less than 10% of the cost of Nafion. For borohydride electro-oxidation, an effective anode consisting of Ni-based composite electrocatalysts loaded on Ni foam substrate was developed and employed. The use of Ni-based catalyst reduces the cost of fuel cell without compromising its performance. Thin film electrode was prepared by electroless plating and physical vapor deposition. A nanoscale thin film anode delivered comparable power performance to an ink pasted electrode with a much higher catalyst loading. Chemical and electrochemical aspects of these materials in preparing polymeric membrane and electrode and their performance results will be presented in this paper. The effect of these materials in reducing the cost of fuel cells will be also presented in this paper.

Biography:

T F Otero has completed his PhD from the Complutense University of Madrid, supervised from the electrochemical group of the Rocasolano Institute (CSIC). Hi is Full Professor of Physcial Chemistry and Macromolecules from the UPV-EHU and Full Professor of Physsical Chemistry from the Technical University of Cartagena. He is the Director of the lab, of Electrochemistry Intelligent Materials and Devices. He has published more than 300 papers and book chapters in reputed journals and international editorials. He has delivered over 120 invited lectures.

Abstract:

Designers and engineers have been dreaming for decades with motors sensing, by themselves, working and surrounding conditions, as biological muscles do originating proprioception. Evolution of the working potential, or that of the consumed electrical energy, of electrochemical artificial muscles based on electroactive materials (intrinsically conducting polymers, redox polymers, carbon nanotubes, fullerene derivatives, grapheme derivatives, porphyrines, phtalocyanines, among others) while driven by constant currents senses, while working, any variation of the mechanical (trailed mass, obstacles, pressure, strain or stress) thermal or chemical conditions of work. They are linear faradaic polymeric motors: currents control movement rates and charges control displacements and muscle position. One motor and several sensors work simultaneously driving by the same reaction in a uniform device. Actuating (current and charge) and sensing (potential and energy) magnitudes are present, simultaneously, in the only two connecting wires and can be read by the computer at any time. From basic polymeric, mechanical and electrochemical principles a basic equation is attained. It includes either the motor characteristics (rate of the muscle movement and muscle position) and the working variables (temperature, electrolyte concentration and mechanical conditions). By changing working conditions experimental results overlap theoretical predictions. The ensemble computer-generator-muscle-theoretical equation constitutes and describes artificial mechanical, thermal and chemical awareness. Proprioceptive tools and zoomorphic or anthropomorphic soft robots can be envisaged. If proprioception a, up to now, considered psychological mechanisme can be described by a physical-chemical equation, could brain other brain functions be described by similar equations? Some working lines will be presented.

Biography:

Irina Roșca has completed her PhD in Biology at Faculty of Biology from Al I Cuza University, Iași, Romania and is a Scientific Reseacher at Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers from Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry. She has published more than 10 papers, she was Principal Investigator in 1 project and worked in another 8 projects related to biotechnology, microbiology and ecology.

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Abstract:

Candida albicans infections are an important health issue fuelled, paradoxically, by the advancements in medical care. The prophylactic administration of antifungals generates antifungal resistance and this underlines the need for new antifungal agents. Inclusion complexes of protonated propiconazole nitrate (PCZH-NO3) with three substituted Cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives, namely sulfobutylether β CD (SBE7 β CD), sulfated β CD (β CD SNa) and monochlorotriazinyl β CD (MCT β CD) were investigated as new antifungal systems. The antifungal activity of the inclusion complexes was assessed on 20 Candida spp. clinical isolates. The in vitro susceptibility testing was performed following the EUCAST EDef 7.2 guideline. To assess the cytotoxicity, the CellTiter 96®aqueous one solution cell proliferation assay was performed on Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts (NHDF). All complexes showed antifungal activity at low concentrations. The IC50 values were two to three orders of magnitude higher than the concentrations required for antifungal activity. The 95% CIs indicate a significantly higher cytotoxicity for the complex with the parental β CD compared to those with the other three CD derivatives. The much lower concentrations required for the antifungal effect, compared to the IC50 cytotoxicity values, prove a high selectivity of the active compound for the fungal cells. The lack of significant differences in the antifungal susceptibility tests and the differences in cytotoxicity between the β-CD complex and the other three suggest that the type of cyclodextrin may be more important for the interaction with the human organism than it is for the actual antifungal activity.

Biography:

Narcisa Laura Marangoci has completed her PhD in Chemistry at the Romanian Academy, and, since 2005, has been a Scientific Researcher at Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers at Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry from Iași. Her professional experience includs synthesis, characterization and applications of functional polymers, supramolecular compounds, "host-guestʺ inclusion complexes (25 ISI scientific papers) and also design and implementation of national and international projects.

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Abstract:

Propiconazole is a triazole developed and marketed by Janssen Pharmaceutics (Belgium) as an antifungal pesticide. Protonated propiconazole nitrate (PCZH NO3), a derivative of propiconazole, was proved to have a better antifungal activity and lower acute toxicity, comparable to those of commercial azole drugs, which makes it a good candidate for clinical use. As most clinical azoles, PCZH NO3 has the major inconvenient of being hydrophobic, which severely reduces its bioavailability. To address this issue, the formation of a host guest inclusion complex with β Cyclodextrin (β CD) as a host carrier molecule was investigated, with good results. The main purpose of this study is to report the synthesis and characterization of the inclusion complexes formed by PCZH-NO3 with three substituted cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives, namely namely sulfobutylether β CD (SBE7 β CD), sulfated β CD (β CD SNa) and monochlorotriazinyl β CD (MCT β CD) and to to investigate them as new antifungal systems. The inclusion complexes were prepared using the freeze-drying method. The structures were confimed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and in silico docking and molecular dynamics simulations. This study demonstrates the coexistence of two types of PCZH-NO3 inclusion into the CD cavity. The complexes with SBE7 β CD had the lowest dissociation constant values. Inclusion efficiency was close to 100%. Comparative in silico docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed. The antifungal activity was assessed on Candida spp. and the cytotoxicity was assessed on Normal Human Dermal Fibroblasts (NHDF).

Biography:

Imad A Abu-Yousef earned his PhD in Organo-Sulfur Chemistry in 1995 from McGill University (Montreal, Canada). Subsequently, he pursued a Post-doctoral fellowship in Polymer Chemistry at McGill University. His research work was recognized by prestigious institutions that have bestowed awards on him, including the Jordan Higher Education Natural Sciences Award (Jordan, 2010), the National Bank of Sharjah Excellence in Research and Scholarship Award (United Arab Emirates, 2002) and Abdul Hameed Shoman Award for Outstanding Young Chemist Researcher in the Middle East (Jordan, 2000). He published more than 50 papers in reputed international journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of the Journal of Saudi Chemical Society, an Elsevier Published Journal.

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Abstract:

Silver-based nanoclusters incorporated into mordenite zeolite were prepared and analyzed using various spectroscopic techniques. In the zeolite hosts, both theoretical and experimental results show the presence of silver nanoclusters with various sizes and environments. Upon increasing the excitation wavelength from 250 to 300 nm, the study indicates that the high energy mode (at 415 nm) was deactivated and the low energy emission mode (at 520 nm) was gradually activated. The catalyzed system increases the photodecomposition of phosmet in comparison with the uncatalyzed system upon irradiation with different UV wavelengths. In addition, the largest catalytic activity was observed upon the irradiation of the catalyzed solution at 302 nm, in which an increase in the decomposition rate by 40 folds was observed. We discovered that the photodecomposition products are similar for all systems but variations in the relative amount of these products were observed at different conditions in which phosphorothionic acid was formed as a major product in both catalyzed systems.

Biography:

Carol Lopez de Dicastillo is currently working as Associate Researcher in the Food Packaging Laboratory, in the Department of Food Technology from the University of Santiago de Chile. Her undergraduate background is on chemistry, and she has focused her PhD and post doctorate on Food Technology and Materials Science. Her PhD was carried out in the Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA-CSIC) in Valencia and it was based in the development of hydrophilic active materials, mainly focused on antioxidant releasing systems. Nowadays, new topics have joined her work, such as biodegradable polymers, nanotechnology, electrospinning and search for natural compounds from plant extracts.

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Abstract:

Driven by a growing consciousness for the environment and the need to diminish plastic waste, there is a great interest to develop sustainable and ecofriendly materials with enhanced properties. Among biodegradable polymers, poly (lactic acid), PLA, has attracted the most interest in recent years because it is being produced industrially and it comes from a renewable source. However, in order to be massively used in the food industry, some characteristics must be improved, such as mechanical and barrier properties. Some works have aimed the improvement of these characteristics based on the incorporation of different additives and during last years, the most innovative solution is the reinforcement through nanotechnology, such as the incorporation of organic clay or cellulose nanoparticles (CNW) in its formulation. Regarding the latter technique, the biggest inconvenient is the incorporation of the reinforcing material to the polymeric matrix homogeneously, preventing agglomerations to maximize results. Therefore, the objective of this work was to create a biocomposite based on PLA nanoreinforced with CNW nanoencapsulated with poly (vinyl alcohol), PVOH, through electrospinning technique. First, the optimizations of the electrospinning parameters were studied owing to obtain nanofibers with good appearance, measured by SEM microscopy, high concentration of CNW and minimum amount of PVOH. Thus, it is intended to incorporate homogeneously the CNW in the PLA preventing agglomerations, obtaining a material with better mechanical and barrier properties without altering the advantageous characteristics such as optical properties and biodegradability. Materials were obtained through extrusion and were thermally, morphologically and mechanically characterized.

Biography:

Galotto M J is a Full Professor and Head of the Food Packaging Laboratory, in the department of Food Technology from the University of Santiago de Chile. Her undergraduate background is on chemistry and food science and technology, and she has focused on food packaging materials. Nowadays she is working on the development of active food packaging materials and nanotechnology.

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Abstract:

Antimicrobial Active Packaging is one of the most innovative field on food packaging. It involves the incorporation of an active antimicrobial component in the polymer matrix that should be release during the period of time that food is in direct contact with plastic material. Essential oils are one of the most common antimicrobial active components that are included in polymer matrix but as they are volatile extrusion process is a great disadvantage. In the present work, the study of the supercritical operation condition (pressurization and depressurization rate was carried out in order to determine the amount of active compound impregnated and the kinetic release of the active component from the polymer matrix., comparing polymer matrix and nanocomposites. Nanocomposites of LDPE and Cloisite C20A (modified montmorillonite) 2.5 and 5% were extruded and supercritical fluid impregnation was done at different conditions pressure: 12Mpa, impregnation time: 30 and 60 min, depressurization rate: 10 and 1 MPA/min, temperature 40°C. Physico-chemical characterization of impregnated films were analyzed, and the kinetic release of the active component from the polymer matrix comparing traditional polymer matrix and nanocomposites, were analyzed.

Biography:

Tugce Kutlusoy has completed her Bachelor’s and Master’s degree from Marmara University. She is a graduate student of Marmara University.

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Abstract:

Hydrogels comprised of cross-linked polymer networks that have hydrophilic homopolymer or copolymer and these networks have a high affinity for water because of having hydrophilic groups. Hydrogels can be derived from synthetic and natural polymer. Cryogel is one of the new types of polymeric gel that has a significant potential in biotechnology. Cryogel that have elastic structure is used in tissue engineering applications. Cryogel formation occurs below the freezing point of the solvent; thus, a major portion of the solvent freezes creating interconnected ice crystals, the polymer precursors that have been in liquid unfrozen form are polymerized to have network around the ice crystals. Frozen crystals solvent acts as pore-forming agent. After the polymerization, when frozen reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature, ice crystals melt and obtained network structure that have macroporous polymers. In this project, cryogels of chitosan-hyaluronic acid’s efficiency in tissue engineering applications as scaffold has investigated. Therefore, firstly homopolymers of chitosan and hyaluronic acid cryogels have synthesized separately, then copolymer of chitosan and hyaluronic acid cryogels were prepared to improve mechanical and biomaterial properties, to use as scaffold for tissue engineering and to examine cell compatibility.

Biography:

Emre Aytan has completed his Bachelor’s degree from Marmara University and is an MSc student at Marmara University Institute of Science. His thesis is on developing a polyimide fiber electrolyte via electrospining with cooperation of PhD student M H Ugur and his advisor N K Apohan.

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Abstract:

Synthesis and characterization of high performance polyimide nanofibers and application on lithium-ion batteries: Polyimide (PI), as one of high-performance engineering polymers, has been widely applied in many advanced technology fields due to their great thermal stability, remarkable mechanical properties, low dielectric constants and inertness to solvent and radiation resistance. Therefore, electrospun PI nanofiber membranes with diverse molecular structures, controllable fiber diameters and membrane thicknesses have been intensively investigated to obtain high-performance and multifunctional composite fiber membranes. Additionally, it shows good affinity with gel electrolytes which contain plasticizing solvents like ethylene and ethyl methyl carbonate. Thus, these solvents can be strongly combined within the polymer chains in network that can largely enhance the electrolyte retention of PI-based battery electrolytes. In this work; a new highly ion conductive plasticized PI-reinforced UV-cured electrolyte membrane has been synthesized. Oxi-4,4'-dianiline (ODA) and 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) based polyimide fibers were fabricated via electrospinning method and then UV cured with Bisphenol A Ethoxylate Dimethacrylate (BEMA), poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA) and 3-(methacryloyloxy) propyltrimethoxysilane (MEMO) containing formulations. In order to measure electrochemical stability and ionic conductivity for Li batteries, UV cured films doped with lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6). The structural and electrochemical properties of the electrolytes thus obtained were systematically examined by a variety of methods including FTIR, TGA, DSC, EIS, LSV and SEM measurements.

Biography:

Merve YaÅŸar has graduated at Chemistry Department from Marmara University in 2014. She is currently pursuing her Master degree. At the same time, she is pursuing Tubitak project which is 115S224.

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Abstract:

Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIPs) is investigated by different research groups in a varied time. MIPs are prefered because of its resist on a high temperature, extreme pH values and organic solvent. MIPs are prepared by the polymerization of a functional monomer and crosslinker in the presence of target molecule. It is a process which prepared by replicate the target molecules high affinity receptor regions on polymers. After the polymerization, the templates are removed from the polymer, leaving specific recognition sites complementary in size and shape to the template molecule. Thus it can be used as a plastic antibodies which have been produced by molecular imprinting technique and mimics antibodies functions. For this purpose Diphtheria toxin has been chosen as a target molecule. MIP is performed by using classical two phase mini emulsion polymerization technique. After the polymerization, obtained nanoparticles is removed from the target molecule by dialysis membranes. The morphology and size control of the nanoparticles were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The nanoparticles have highly monodisperse and regularly spherical shaped, which have an average diameter of about 200-300 nm.

Biography:

Elif Yüce has completed her Bachelor’s degree from Yalova University Yalova University, Polymer Engineering Department. She is a MSc student at the same Department and is working as a project researcher.

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Abstract:

In recent years, highly porous polymer composites are attracting considerable interest due to their large surface area, high chemical resistance, permeability properties, and low densities. These materials have numerous applications such as catalysis, filtration, energy exchange, sensors, etc. For this reason, preparation of such materials with different processes is frequently in focus of research. In this study we report novel macroporous composites for heterogeneous photocatalysis applications. With this aim, Pickering-high internal phase emulsions (Pickering-HIPEs) have been used as templates to build hierarchical open porous polymer networks. HIPEs are concentrated emulsions consisting of a high ratio of internal or dispersed phase. In case of, either one or both phases of a HIPE contain monomers, polyHIPEs can be produced. HIPEs are usually stabilised by using relatively high amounts of emulsifying agents against coalescence. However, it is also possible to stabilise a HIPE with the use of nanoparticles. In this case, the resulting emulsion and the final material are classified as Pickering-HIPE and poly-Pickering-HIPE, respectively. Herein, poly-Pickering-HIPEs were prepared using poly(ethylene glycol-co-propylene glycol-co-ethylene glycol) surface modified TiO2 nanoparticles (TiNPs). For this purpose, TiNPs were synthesised via sol-gel method and the resulting nanoparticles were introduced into the continuous phase consisting of monomers. The structural properties of TiNPs were characterised by using FTIR and XRD. Morphological properties of the resulting poly-Pickering-HIPE composite, on the other hand, were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Moreover, mechanical properties of the poly-Pickering-HIPE were measured by performing uniaxial compression experiment. The specific surface areas of the TiNPs and poly-Pickering-HIPE were determined from the adsorption/desorption isotherms and calculated by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) equation.

Biography:

Fatma Nur Parın has completed her Bachelor’s degree as high honor student from Yalova University, Polymer Engineering Department. She is a MSc student at the same Department and is working as a project researcher.

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Abstract:

In recent years, the field of heterogeneous photocatalysis has been growing rapidly, as a result of the various developments especially in relation to energy and the environment. In this context, the large band-gap semiconductors are attracting considerable interest in many practical applications such as catalysts, solar cells, dyes, and commercial products ranging from drugs to foods. For industrial applications, high activity, resistance to poisoning and stability for prolonged use at elevated temperatures, mechanical and chemical stability in various conditions are needed. In this respect, TiO2 has been the most preferred material in many fields due to its long-term photo-stability, relative low toxicity, semiconducting and catalytic properties. In this study, we prepared a new kind of macroporous composite having photocatalytic activity, via emulsion templating. With this aim, Pickering-high internal phase emulsions (Pickering-HIPEs) stabilised with surface modified TiO2 nanoparticles (TiNPs) were used as templates. TiNPs were synthesised via sol-gel method by using poly(ethylene glycol-co-propylene glycol-co-ethylene glycol) triblock copolymer. By the polymerisation of the Pickering-emulsion templates poly-Pickering-HIPE/TiO2 composites, having relatively good mechanical properties and thermal stability, were obtained. The photocatalytic activity of poly-Pickering-HIPE/TiO2 composites were determined by investigating the kinetics of the photocatalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), an environmentally important pollutant, in a constant temperature batch-type photoreactor. The effects of initial pollutant concentration, catalyst concentration and pH value of suspension on the degradation rates of 4-NP have been studied. A kinetic expression, which can be used in the development of large-scale photocatalytic reactor and optimization of experimental conditions, has been obtained.

Biography:

Dr Yan Huang is a Lecturer in the Institute of Materials and Manufacturing, Brunel University London, having previously worked as a Technical Director at Confae Technology Ltd (UK) from 2004 to 2010 and as a Senior Research Fellow at the University of Manchester from 1996 to 2004. He has extensive experience in physical metallurgy of light alloys and published over 70 peer reviewed journal papers.

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Abstract:

Interactions between solute atoms and grain boundaries have strong impact on the kinetics of grain boundary migration (GBM). It has been shown that GBM rate is dependent on boundary misorientation angle, rotation axis and geometry of boundary plane because solute-boundary interactions are largely determined by these boundary features. Grain size also affects GBM kinetics but the effect has been mainly related to the change in boundary curvature. The present work was conducted to investigate the effect of solute atoms on GBM in ultrafine/nanostructured materials, focusing on features of solute segregation and consequently GBM kinetics. GBM kinetics during deformation and annealing in high purity Al-Mg and Al-Cu aluminium alloys was examines and analysed. For alloys with small amount of solute additions, boundary segregation is found heterogenous in ultrfine/nanostructured materials due to the presence of excessive grain boundaries that can accommodate solute atoms. Grain boundaries with less or without solute segregation gain extra driving pressure for migration, leading to abnormal local grain growth. This contributes to the thermal instability of ultrafine/nanostructured materials. For alloys with saturated solute additions, boundary assisted precipitation takes place and Zener pinning dominates GBM behaviour. The thermal stability of the grain structure depends on the kinetics of precipitate growth. The driving pressure for GBM is inversely proportional to grain size and the influence of ultrfine/nanostructure on the thermodynamics of GBM is also discussed.

Biography:

Yo Tanaka received his PhD degree in Engineering at the University of Tokyo in 2007. He worked as an Assistant Professor at the Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, the University of Tokyo, Japan from 2008 to 2011. He has been working as a Unit Leader at Quantitative Biology Center, RIKEN, Japan, since 2011.

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Abstract:

Ultra thin glass is a glass sheet with a minimum thickness of a few micrometers fabricated using an overflow fusion downdraw process. In this lecture, application of this very flexible glass sheet to microfluidic devices is presented. Microfluidic technology is a major research field aiming to realize sophistication of analytical experiments. The most popular material in this field is Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) due to its low cost, self-sealing, and elastomeric property. However, chemical and physical instability is not enough. By contrast, glass is stable. In analytical field, optical transparency and durability against laser or acoustic wave is significant. But, glass is hard. So, it is difficult to make valves or pumps into a glass microchip. Here, ultra thin glass is used to make such fluidic devices exploiting the flexibility. Microchips were fabricated by wet-etching and thermal fusion to guarantee 100% glass. The valve function in a 100-µm width, 50-µm depth linear channel was then demonstrated. The durable pressure and the response time were comparable to similar PDMS-based valves. Peristaltic pump principle using 4-sequential valves was also demonstrated, and the flow rate was also comparable to conventional PDMS peristaltic pumps. This valve and pump system can be applied to wide range of fields using glass.

Biography:

Felix Jimenez-Villacorta is a Researcher at the Materials Science Institute of Madrid (ICMM-CSIC). After completion of his PhD in 2007, he worked for 3 years at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), in the characterization of magnetic nanostructured materials by X-ray absorption spectroscopy techniques. After that, he made a Post-doctoral stay at Northeastern University, conducting research on the development of rare-earth-free nanostructured permanent magnetic materials. He has published 64 papers (+3 under review) in reputed journals, including a review article, and 2 book chapters.

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Abstract:

The so-called “rare-earth crisis” in the 2010’s re-ignited investigation in the search for new concepts in permanent magnetic materials design. The key factor that determines this new joint global effort is that advanced fabrication and analysis methods with precision down to the nanoscale that combine composition and crystal structure control and optimization of the microstructure to manipulate the intrinsic magnetic properties of magnets (magnetization, exchange and magnetocrystalline anisotropy) or to enhance extrinsic magnetic features (remanence and coercivity) are now accessible. In this presentation, different strategies will be described in which nanostructuring and control of crystal structure and composition to the nanoscale through metallurgical non-equilibrium processing techniques convey optimization of the magnetic properties or advantageous modification of the fabrication process of new magnets. Two examples will be introduced. On one hand, a proof-of-concept of an exchange-biased magnet is presented, reproducing the special microstructure of anisotropic Alnico magnets in phase separated Fe-Co-Mn nanostructured alloys, as an alternative pathway for realization of novel rare-earth-free exchange-coupled magnets. Also, processing methods for nanostructured MnAl alloys are envisioned to promote formation of the intermetallic L10–type MnAl phase from a precursor -MnAl phase (exhibiting mictomagnetic character) with lowered phase transformation temperatures, providing an attractive low energy route for the fabrication of permanent magnets.

Biography:

Abbas Saeed Hakeem has completed his PhD from Stockolm University. He is a Reseach Scientist at Center of Excellence in Nanotechnology, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals. He has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals.

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Abstract:

Aluminosilicate oxynitride and cubic Boron Nitride (cBN) composites having excellent mechanical properties and chemical stability in room temperature to high temperature applications. In the present study, cubic Boron Nitride (cBN) reinforced alpha-Sialon nano-composites were prepared using Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) technique. The starting powders including Sialon precursors and various particles size of cBN (10, 20 and 30 wt.%) were homogeneously mixed by probe sonication before sintering. The effect of SPS processing parameters on the densification and mechanical behavior of these nano-composites were investigated. These cBN enabled in the densification sialon composite samples were analyzed for phase identification by X-ray diffraction. As well as, composite samples were evaluated to find cBN to hBN transformation in the Sialon matrix sintered at 1500 C. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) used for morphology and hardness and fracture toughness were measured.

Biography:

Kenta Arima is an Associate Professor in the Department of Precision Science and Technology in the Graduate School of Engineering in Osaka University, Japan. In 2000, he received his PhD in Precision Science and Technology from Osaka University. In 1997-2000, he was a junior research associate at RIKEN. He became an Assistant Professor in 2000 and has been an Associate Professor since 2009 at Osaka University. In 2007-2008, he was a visiting scholar in Materials Sciences Division in Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (USA). He is a member of four academic societies including Materials Research Society.

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Abstract:

Anion concentrations at the air/water interface of saline droplets are important in atmospheric and environmental chemistry, because gaseous halogens emitted from the droplet surface mediate various key tropospheric chemical processes. The purpose of this study is to reveal the ion segregation in deliquesced droplets of alkali halide nano-crystals on SiO2; noted that SiO2 was chosen as a model substrate for dust particles. First, the adsorption of water on alkali halide nano-crystals (KBr, KCl, KF, NaCl) on SiO2 was in-situ investigated by noncontact atomic force microscopy (AFM) in an amplitude-modulation mode with electrostatic forces. For KBr, KCl and NaCl, deliquesced droplets show negative surface potentials relative to the surrounding region, indicating the preferential segregation of Br- and Cl- anions to the air/solution interface, even in the presence of a liquid/solid interface located a few nanometers away. This trend is more drastic for larger anions, meaning that heterogeneous reactions of gas-phase molecules with saline droplets to emit gaseous halogens can be more significant with larger anions. Secondly, I used ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In-situ XPS spectra of a deliquesced droplet of KBr on SiO2 demonstrate that Br- ions are segregated at the air/droplet interface, which agrees with the AFM results. Thirdly, I introduce our recent challenge to fabricate a transistor with a gate insulator of SiO2. The point of this transistor is a water droplet acting as a gate material instead of metals. After showing its design and device process, I present some results of electrical characteristics of the water-droplet/SiO2/Si transistor.

Biography:

Reshef Tenne earned his Ph.D. in 1976 in the Hebrew University. He joined the Weizmann Institute in 1979, where he was promoted to a professor in 1995. He headed the Department of Materials and Interfaces and was the director of the G. Schmidt Minerva Center for Supramolecular Chemistry (2000-2007) and the Helen and Martin Kimmel Center for Nanoscale Science (2003-2014). He held the Drake Family Chair in Nanotechnology (2003-2014) until his retirement. Among his recognitions were the Materials Research Society Medal (2005); The Kolthoff Prize in Chemistry of the Technion, Israel (2005); The Israel Vacuum Society Excellence in Science Prize (2006); The Landau Prize of the Israeli Lottery in Nanotechnology (2005); was nominated MRS Fellow in 2008; received the Israel Chemical Society Prize (2008) and the European Research Society (ERC) Advanced Research Grant (2008). He became Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, elected to the Israel Academy of Sciences and Academia Europaea in 2011 and was chosen to deliver the CNR Rao Award Lecture (Indian Chemical Res. Soc.) in 2012. He received the Gold Medal of the Israel Chemical Society (2015) and the Rothschild Prize for Physical and Chemical Sciences (2016).

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Abstract:

Some new aspects of nanmechanics and nanotribology with fullerene-like (IF) and nanotubes (INT) of WS2 (MoS2) will be discussed. New experimental work on the mechanical behavior of individual nanoparticles will be presented and discussed. These experiments were established in order to address specific questions, like the mechanical strength of such nanoparticle under compression. In the next series of slides, the mechanical and tribological properties of nanocomposites based on such nanoparticles will be shown and discussed. Finally, the wetting of individual WS2 nanotubes by liquids will be discussed.

Biography:

Agne Swerin is Research Director at SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden – Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces and Troëdsson Professor in Forest-based Surface Chemistry at KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science.

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Abstract:

A pigment coating was developed to achieve superhydrophobicity in one step from a waterborne formulation containing aragonite calcium carbonate, hydrophobized using sodium oleate, latex binder and cross-linker. Coatings formulated ≤50 mass% and applied to polyethylene coated paperboard substrates displayed typical superhydrophobic features: water contact angles ≥150°, low roll-off angle and low stain sizes, but poor scratch and water resistance as well as foaming issues during preparation. Reformulation at higher solids content significantly improved scratch and water resistance properties. Water rinsing of the dried coatings further increased the water barrier capacity due to reduced surfactant-assisted wetting; findings were corroborated by detailed surface chemistry analyses showing the removal of surface-active components after water rinsing of the dried coatings. A plausible cause for the improved durability is the fact that capillary forces increase exponentially with increasing pigment volume fraction (power law exponent of 2.2) leading to efficient binder coverage during the early stage of pigment coating consolidation.

Biography:

Johann G Meier studied Chemistry from 1991-1996 at Humboldt-University Berlin. He graduated with a Master thesis on photo-orientation of liquid crystal side chain polymer films. He then went to Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, working on chiral and polar effects in liquid crystals in the group of S. T. Lagerwall, receiving his Doctorate for the discovery, characterization and description of an anti-ferroelectric twist grain boundary liquid crystalline phase in 2002. From 2002-2006, he was Post-Doc at Deutsches Institut für Kautschuktechnologie (DIK); Hanover, focusing there on reinforcement of elastomers, polymer-nanoparticle interactions and filler network structures. Since October 2006 he has been at the Instituto Tecnológico de Aragón, Zaragoza were he has built-up the research line on polymer nanocomposites. He has authored more than 30 papers.

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Abstract:

We report on the preparation and resulting mechanical and tribological properties of polymer nanocomposites (PNC) based on nanotubes of tungsten disulfide (WS2) and nanowires of Mo6S2I8 (MoSI) with both; a semicrystalline apolar and an amorphous polar thermoplastic polymer (i-PP, PC). The PNCs were obtained by melt-mixing of nanoparticles into polymer using a lab-scale conical twin-screw extruder. We present the results of the mechanical and tribological properties of the PNC in function of NP-concentration and processing conditions. Most, interesting is the fact that excellent reinforcement of both polymer matrices is obtained with both types of nanoparticle morphologies (wires and tubes). Up to 1.5 wt% nanoparticle concentration one observes a steady increase of Young’s modulus. Higher concentrations mark a plateau, which is ca. 25% higher than the pure polymer matrix. Estimates of the fibre aspect ratio, employing the reinforcement model of Halpin and Tsai, give very high values that are apparently beyond any physical sense, marking the limits of the Halpin-Tsai model. We point out that the extremely high reinforcing effect cannot be attributed to the induction of crystallinity nor changes in the crystalline morphology, because the effect occurs in the amorphous matrix as well. Studies of the tribological properties of the i-PP composites revealed a reduction of the friction coefficient by ca. 25% at a concentration of 1.5wt%. Composites with WS2-nanotubes performed better than nanowires of Mo6S2I8. Likewise wear rate was reduced by ca. 25%, although here the nanowires of Mo6S2I8 showed better results.

Biography:

S Rajendran holds MSc, MPhil, PhD degrees and is an Associate Professor at Saraswathi Narayanan College and a Coordinator of Unit of Rural Biotechnology at Saraswathi Narayanan College, India. He has over 50 scientific papers and projects either presented or published. He is an internationally recognized Expert in many areas of Environmental biology including solid waste management, waste water treatment, anaerobic digestion, biofuel, bioenergy production and formulator of bio-pesticide and herbicide. He is serving as a Reviewer in many biological journals. He has delivered a key note speech in various international conferences and also given invited lectures in various educational institutions and universities. He has also chaired the scientific sessions in conferences. He is one of the leading Scientific Writers in Tamil Dailies. He has conducted more than 30 scientific workshops for the upliftment of rural people and women self help groups. He also had given training to municipalities employees about garbage disposal. His excellence in environmental science he was awarded with Patron of Environment by Tamil Nadu Government in 2006. He also is serving as a Consultant in many of the environmental organizations. His research group is actively working in the following aspects: MSW management, mushroom culture, biofuel generation, waste water treatment and bio-pesticide and herbicide development. His work in biological derustification is a novel pioneer technique and growing area in the environmental biotechnology. He obtained his degrees from Saraswathi Narayanan College, Madurai Kamaraj University, India.

Abstract:

Solid state fermentation (SSF) is process in which micro organisms or fungi are grown on solid substrates at low moisture or water level. SSF offers greatest possibilities when fungi are used. SSF has been successfully applied for large scale production of enzymes, organic acids, secondary metabolites, bio control agents, bio -ethanol etc. Therefore, in this present study attempts were made to apply SSF for converting municipal solid wastes in to fuel briquettes .Pulverized MSW samples were collected from garbage dumping site of Madurai (Indian city) corporation and were disinfected. The preprocessed samples were taken in poly bag fermenters along with Pleurotus fungus spawn for SSFermentation. After 40 days fermentation the substrates were mixed with a known amount of coal or charcoal powder and were moulded into briquettes. Calorific value, bulk density, smoke emission, production cost of briquettes was analyzed. The results revealed that the application of SSF technology is seems to be a No-cost technology for fuel production from MSW and It may be a method to involve common public in MSW disposal or management.

Biography:

Seydina KEBE has passed a Master’s degree in Chemistry at the University of Evry Val d’Essone in 2013. Then he started a Ph.D in materials chemistry at the East-Paris Institute of Chemistry and Materials focusing on nanostructured polymeric materials for analytic and catalytic sciences.

Abstract:

Over the last years, crucial issues for our developped countries such as on-continuing urban development, climate changes, long term viability of production and consumption systems, degradation of populations health, atmospheric and water pollutions, uses of natural resources... are at the heart of the many debates with both social and economical challenges. For instance, evaluating and reducing the impact of chemicals on the environment require a global vision, ranging from analytical chemistry, treatment of contaminated effluents and to optimization of synthetic methods towards environmentally-friendly processes. In this contribution, metal nanoparticles-decorated polymeric monoliths are proposed as smart nanostructured materials providing efficient solutions for trace detection of pollutants (parabens, pesticides, phenols and anilines) in real samples as well as chemical treatment of toxic chemicals (nitroarenes) into their benign counterparts. Indeed, polymer monolith exibit channel-like pores allowing fast mass transfer and can be easily synthesized with a large panel of surface chemical functionality. As such, polymeric monoliths have been successfully applied in many fields of flow chemistry including chromatography separation, SERS detection and support for catalysis. Herien, polymeric monoliths based on N-acryloxysuccinimide were synthesized within micro-channels through easy and energy-efficient UV-driven processes. In a further step, implementation of click strategies usually referred to as atom economy methods, have been implemented to functionalizing the surface of monoliths with chelating groups allowing the robust anchoring of metal nanocatalysts.[1] The as-obtained nancomposites were characterized by a combination of complementary methods such energy dispersive analysis, Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy providing chemical composition, structural and morphological information.[2] As a major result, it will be shown that controlling the surface molecular structure of monoliths enables (i) designing miniaturized separation columns allowing the successful separation of parabens with efficiencies as high as the ones reported for commercial systems; (ii) the specific immobilization of nanometals (Au, Pd, Pt, Ag). Of particular interest, it will be shown that the in-situ synthesis of nanoparticles with controlled shape (nanoflowers & nanocubes vs. nanospheres), size and size distribution, at the monolith’s surface leads to the design of microreactors allowing the flow-through catalytic decontamination reactions of pesticides such as Trifluralin, and pendimetalin. Superiority of flow-through monoliths vs their bulk counterpart is undoubtedly demonstrated, notably in terms of reaction time, selectivity in chemical reaction, no need of catalyst recovery, reaction yield and easiness of product work-up.

Biography:

Dr. Lee D. Wilson (Ph.D.-chemistry),now is an Associate professor chemistry, at the University of Saskatchewan with research interests in a variety of areas. He specializes in Physical Chemistry and Materials Science and is currently researching the development of new types of materials (e.g., molecular sponges) that will have a tremendous impact on areas such as the environment, biotechnology, medicine, chemical delivery/separation systems, and membrane materials for water purification. This research will be of great importance to Aboriginal communities in Canada that suffer from water quality and health issues and require point-of-use treatment strategies. Wilson completed a PhD in Physical Chemistry from the University of Saskatchewan (1998) becoming the first Métis student to earn such a degree. Wilson is the recipient of several scientific and community awards including the Governor General’s Gold Medal in the Physical Sciences & Engineering, 2004 National Aboriginal Achievement Award (Science and Technology), and the Saskatchewan 2006 Centennial Medal. In 2008, Wilson was nominated as “Scientist of the Month” by the Saskatchewan Science Network. Wilson has provided mentorship and inspiration to Aboriginal youth through the Innovators in the Schools Program, Canadian Aboriginal Science & Technology Society, and has developed science programs and camps for Aboriginal students at the University of Saskatchewan.

Abstract:

Challenges exist for the study of time dependent sorption processes for heterogeneous systems; especially in the case of dispersed nanomaterials in solvents or solutions because they are not well suited to conventional batch kinetic experiments. In this study, a comparison of batch versus two types of one-pot configurations were studied to evaluate the kinetic uptake properties in heterogeneous (solid/ solution) systems: i) conventional batch method, ii) one-pot system with dispersed adsorbent in solution within a barrier for in situ sampling, and iii) one-pot system with an adsorbent confined inside a barrier with ex situ sampling. The sorbent systems evaluated herein include several cyclodextrin-based polymers and carbonaceous materials with variable types of dye probes. The one-pot kinetics method with in situ (method ii) or ex situ (method iii) sampling described herein offers significant advantages for the study of heterogeneous sorption kinetics of highly dispersed sorbent materials with particles sizes that range across the micron to nanometer scale. The method described herein will contribute positively to the development of advanced studies for heterogeneous sorption processes where and understanding of the relative uptake properties is required at variable experimental conditions. The one-pot method offers key advantages for the study of conventional polymers to specialized nanomaterials for the study of heterogeneous sorption-based processes.

Biography:

Dr. Shyam V. Vaidya is a Principal Scientist in Diagnostics Process Design R&D’s Diluent Research and Formulation group at Abbott Laboratories. His focus of research is understanding the physico-chemical interactions between various immunoassay excipients at interfaces and applying the findings to further design and development of robust, sensitive and specific diagnostic immunoassay tests. Shyam graduated in Chemical Engineering from the City University of New York with focus of development of multiplexing high-throughput screening schemes using quantum dots embedded in polymer microspheres.

Abstract:

The protein resistant properties of a chemical vapor deposited alkyl-functional carboxysilane coating (Dursan®) were compared to that of an amorphous fluoropolymer (AF1600) coating and stainless steel by studying non-specific adsorption of various proteins onto the coating surfaces using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). A wash solution with non-ionic surfactant, polyoxyethyleneglycol dodecyl ether (or Brij 35), facilitated 100% removal of residual bovine serum albumin (BSA), mouse immunoglobulin G (IgG), and normal human plasma proteins from the Dursan surface, whereas these proteins remained adsorbed on the bare stainless steel surface. Mechanical stress in the form of sonication demonstrated robustness of the Dursan coating to mechanical wear and showed no impact on the coating’s ability to prevent adsorption of plasma proteins. Surface delamination was observed in case of the sonicated AF1600 coatings and it led to adsorption of plasma proteins. The combination of the robust alkyl-functional carboxysilane coating (Dursan) and non-ionic surfactant in the wash buffer that we have reported here is certainly a step forward toward mitigation of surface biofouling in biotechnological applications, specifically in case of automated immunoassay analyzers, reagent manufacturing, and filling setups.

Biography:

Mohammad Sideeq Rather has completed his PhD from Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Hazratbal Srinagar-190006 and is pursuing Post-doctoral studies from Special Centre for Nano science, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar India. He has published more than 8 papers in reputed journals and has teaching experience of 4 years in higher education department. He has also qualified NET-JRF examinations and has received JRF, SRF and RA fellowship from many organizations like University Grants commission, Department of Science and Technology New Delhi, India.

Abstract:

An improved way and surfactant free approach has been employed for the synthesis of Bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanoparticles at very low temperature of 110°C. This new approach is based on a reaction of bismuth powder and de-ionized (DI) water without the use of any additives or surfactants. XRD and SEM have been employed to characterize the Bi2O3 nanoparticles. By the morphological investigations using SEM, it was observed that the grown Bi2O3 products are having dimensions in the range of 3 nm to 25 nm. The reported method besides being organics free is economical, fast and free of pollution, which will make it suitable for large scale production.

Biography:

Ms Houda Msouni is a faculty for Inorganic Materials Science and Applications and also for Science Semlalia at Cadi Ayyad University, Morocco. She was also at Dynamic Unit and Molecular Structure of Materials at the University of Littoral, France.

Abstract:

The dielectric properties and microstructure of co-doped B-site and A-site BaTiO3 solid solution of the type (Ba, M) (Ti, M’) O3 were investigated. The influence of extremely small amount of Sr, Sn, Zr and Ca dopants on the microstructure and the dielectric characteristics of BaTiO3 were studied systematically. These compositions were designed using the conventional mixed oxide technique and the XRD analysis results indicated that no secondary phase was formed. The microstructure of sintered pellets was studied by SEM at room temperature. The dielectric measurements showed that the BSTZ ceramic present the highest permittivity at 25°C and 100kHz with the value of 2600, whereas the crystallite size was found to approach 32.3 nm. The BaTiO3 ceramic with Sr at A-site has no phase transition above room temperature, while ceramics with Sn at B-site present ferroelectric – para-electric transition with sharp transition. Finally, the ceramic with Zr at B-site exhibit normal ferroelectric-para-electric transition with Tc=97°C. The effect of doping was been studied and analyzed using the AC complex impedance spectroscopy technique to obtain the electrical parameters of polycrystalline samples in a wide frequency range at different temperatures. The piezoelectric properties were also studied.