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22nd International Conference and Exhibition on Materials Science and Chemistry, will be organized around the theme “Innovations & Groundbreaking Discoveries in Chemistry”
Materials Chemistry 2024 is comprised of keynote and speakers sessions on latest cutting edge research designed to offer comprehensive global discussions that address current issues in Materials Chemistry 2024
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Nanostructures deal with objects and structures that are in the 1—100 nm range. In many materials, atoms or molecules cluster together to form objects at the nanoscale. This leads to interesting electromagnetic, optical and mechanical properties. The term 'nanostructure' is often used when referring to magnetic technology and also applied in case of advanced materials. Microstructure is defined as the structure of a prepared surface or thin foil of material as revealed by a microscope above 25× magnification.
Chemical engineering is all about changing raw materials into useful products such as clothes, food and drink, and energy. Chemical engineers focus on processes and products. They develop and design processes to create products. In addition to develop useful materials, modern chemical engineering is also concerned with pioneering valuable new materials and new methods such as nanotechnology, fuel cells and biomedical engineering.
Crystallization is used at some stage in nearly all process industries as a method of production, purification or recovery of solid materials. Development of crystallization processes represents a complex and challenging issue, requiring simultaneous control of various product properties, including purity, crystal size and shape, and molecular level solid structure. Crystallization is defined as a process by which a chemical is converted from a liquid solution into a solid crystalline state.
Carbon nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanodiamonds, are considered as promising building blocks for the construction of novel nanomaterials for emerging industrial technologies. Nanocomposite carbon-based substrates are a large group of materials promising for medicine and various biotechnologies, particularly for coating biomaterials designed for hard tissue implantation. Graphite is one of the most common allotropes of carbon, and the most stable form of carbon under standard conditions.
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering, and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological tissues. Tissue engineering evolved from the field of biomaterials development and refers to the practice of combining scaffolds, cells, and biologically active molecules into functional tissues.
Nano pharmaceuticals offer the ability to detect diseases at much earlier stages and the diagnostic applications could build upon conventional procedures using nanoparticles. Nano pharmaceuticals represent an emerging field where the sizes of the drug particle or a therapeutic delivery system work at the nanoscale. Nano pharmaceutical reduces the cost of drug discovery, design & development and enhances the drug delivery process.
A range of synthetic nanoparticles such as hydroxyapatite, bioglass, titanium, zirconia, and silver nanoparticles are proposed for dental restoration. Reconstructive dental nanorobots are able to selectively and precisely block dentinal tubules, offering a quick and permanent cure. These nanorobots travel toward the dental pulp via the dentinal tubules. Nanodentistry has evolved as a new science of nanotechnology that helps in diagnosing, treating, preventing oral and dental disease, and improving dental health by using nanomaterials.
A solid is a material in the solid state. Solid state chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the representation of the structure, properties and applications, for example in mineralogy and crystallography, metallurgy and in the Materials Sciences of these substances. The focus of solid state chemistry will be placed on the consideration of inorganic, crystalline and non-molecular solids, which differ in their reactions, properties and behaviour of liquid and gaseous chemical systems.
The mineralogy of terrestrial planets evolves as a consequence of a range of physical, chemical, and biological processes. The bulk mineralogy of carbonate skeletal sediments at any one instant of time is determined by the skeletal composition and productivity of the organisms present in the depositional environment. Mineralogical characterization requirements are determined as needed for each project by the geology and metallurgical groups in collaboration to quantify the primary ore minerals as well as the gangue and clay minerals.
Polymer science or macromolecular science is a subfield of materials science concerned with polymers, primarily synthetic polymers such as plastics and elastomers. A polymer is a massive molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits. Due to their broad range of properties, each artificial and natural polymer plays essential and omnipresent roles in everyday life. The field of chemical compound science includes researchers in multiple disciplines including chemistry, physics, and engineering.
A ceramic material is a neither metallic nor organic, often crystalline oxide, nitride or carbide material. Some elements, such as carbon or silicon, may be considered ceramics, crystalline, glassy or both crystalline and glassy. The physical properties of any ceramic substance are a direct result of its crystalline structure and chemical composition. Ceramography is the art and science of preparation, examination and evaluation of ceramic microstructures.
Many benefits of nanotechnology depend on the fact that it is possible to tailor the structures of materials at extremely small scales to achieve specific properties, thus greatly extending the materials science. Using nanotechnology, materials can effectively be made stronger, lighter, more durable, more reactive, more sieve-like, or better electrical conductors, among many other traits. Nanotechnology has greatly contributed to major advances in computing and electronics, leading to faster, smaller, and more portable systems that can manage and store larger and larger amounts of information.
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted much attention in the past decade. They have high specific surface area and also electronic engineering and properties that differ from their bulk counterparts due to the low dimensionality. Graphene is the best known and the most studied 2D material, but metal oxides and hydroxides (including clays), dichalcogenides, boron nitride (BN), and other materials that are one or several thick atoms are receiving increasing attention.
Fatigue is a failure mechanism that involves the cracking of materials and structural components due to cyclic stress. While applied stresses may be tensile, compressive or torsional, crack initiation and propagation are due to the tensile component. One of the intriguing factors about fatigue development is that fatigue cracks can be initiated and propagated at stresses well below the yield strength of the material of construction and these stresses are usually thought to be related to elastic deformation, not plastic deformation.
Optical fibres are widely used to convey light from metre-to-kilometre distances. Optical fibres are traditionally made of silica and can transmit light in the visible and near-IR region of the electromagnetic spectrum because of the low attenuation of the material in this range. Synthesis, characterisation and theoretical understanding of materials and nanostructures, that emits or interacts with electromagnetic radiation or quasiparticles with similar characteristics.
Material science and engineering, also commonly known as materials science, encompasses the science, chemical engineering and chemical technology of materials and is an integrative subject which gives an idea about the discovery and design of new materials. It deals with studying materials through the materials paradigm (synthesis, structure, properties, and performance). In accordance with chronology, materials are segregated into natural and synthetic and they in turn are divided into inorganic, organic, bulk, micro scale and Nanoparticles.
The essence of Materials Chemistry can be observed in various fields i.e., organic, inorganic, analytical, physical, organometallic, cosmetic, petro and forensic studies. Organic chemistry provides organic polymers for use in structures, films, fibres, coatings, and so on. It provides materials with complex functionality, a bridge between materials science and medicine and provides a sophisticated synthetic entry into nanomaterial.
Polymer chemistry is a multidisciplinary science that deals with the chemical synthesis and chemical properties of polymers which were considered as macromolecules. Polymerization is the process of combining many small molecules known as monomers into a covalently bonded chain or network. General methods of synthesis include Biological synthesis and modification of natural polymers. Laboratory research is generally divided into two categories, step-growth polymerization and chain-growth polymerization.
A material having particles or constituents of nanoscale dimensions, or one that is produced by nanotechnology is a Nanomaterial. They are of types like carbon based, metal based, dendrimers and composites. Useful applications can be observed in the cases of nanomedicine, nanobiotechnology, green nanotechnology, energy applications of nanotechnology, industrial applications of nanotechnology, potential applications of carbon nanotubes and nanoart.
Various techniques related to the synthesis of materials to form useful chemical substances constitute the field of analytical study. Instrumental analysis mainly helps us to know the assessment of purity, their chemical composition, structure and function. Analysis of chemical compounds was done to produce results for “what chemicals are present, what are their characteristics and in what quantities are they present?” Basic methods rely on important factors like sample preparation, accuracy, precision and cleanliness.
In contrast, chemical changes can also be created during ultrasonic irradiation as a result of cavitation, and these effects have been used to favour many areas of polymer chemistry. In materials science, the sol-gel conversion is a method for producing solid materials from small molecules. This method is used for the fabrication of metal oxides particularly the oxides of silicon and titanium. The process involves conversion of monomers into a colloidal solution (sol) that acts as the precursor for an integrated network (or gel) of either discrete particles or network polymers.
Materials Chemistry along with Physics deals with the structure, properties, processing and performance of materials. Applied physics is intended for a particular technological or practical use of materials. Materials characterization is a broad and general process by which a material's structure and properties are probed and measured. Materials characterization usually done by the major techniques like Microscopy, spectroscopy, macroscopic testing.
Certain principles are there to synthesize a novel material: to develop an understanding of different materials systems, to know the origins of physical, chemical, and functional properties of different materials, to study basic principles of synthesis and characterization of materials, to understand the origins of functional responses of materials and also the role of materials in science, industry, and technology. Often a pure substance needs to be isolated from a mixture or after chemical reactions (which often give mixtures of chemical substances).
Organic Materials Chemistry is a major area of research which leads to the development of advanced organic and polymeric materials by investigating into the process of synthesis, processing, control, characterization and establishment of the structural properties relationship among these materials. Functional properties were studied and related structural applications will be considered to play a key role. Nomenclature to the compounds was given based on the chemical structure and isomerism was observed in relation to the radical displacement of atoms within the structures.
Inorganic Materials Chemistry includes the study of elements with either metallic or non-metallic properties. Most of the elements are metallic for example alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals and so on. The category of non-metallic elements mainly contains elements which are gaseous in nature like hydrogen, oxygen and so on including noble gases. These all were segregated to produce new inorganic compounds based on the particular process of synthesis. Inorganic nanotubes have a composition of metal oxides which are morphologically similar to a carbon nanotube.