21^st International Conference and Exhibition on Materials Science and Chemistry March 13-14, 2023 Frankfurt, Germany

Biography:

Vitaly Petrovsky has her expertise in evaluation and passion in improving ideas about the role of technological factors in the formation of the microstructure multicomponent functional composites based on oxygen-free compounds. He built his model after years of experience in research at their Institute, teaching at the Universities of Ukraine, Poland, France, Italy, China and administration in the USSR (1980-1685), in Germany (founder of Bach & Co GmbH 1994-1996), in Ukraine (Volyn Institute of Materials Science and Energy-saving from 2012). He first proposed the technology of ceramic composites with organized macrostructure, showed the advantages of their properties, previously explained the physical basis of such advantages and suggests that the reason for such features is the MXens formed in the technological cycle of consolidation. He, in fact, created a new methodology of: design-production-non-destructive quality control-application of advanced ceramics in power electronics.

Abstract:

Statement of the problem: Multicomponent composites from advanced ceramics are obtained in multifactor technological processes. As a rule, the correlation "technological parameter-property" is quite illusory. This led to great risks of obtaining a composite with inappropriate properties. Our development of the process of creating 3-D macrostructure objects with a 2-D functional zone revealed a zone of increased efficiency, the explanations of which were too controversial. At the same time, the number of elements with high energy-saving properties was approximately 50% of the total number. But in 2011, the theory of MXenes appeared which, in combination with the theory of percolation, is able to explain the true nature of the high efficiency zone. The purpose of this study is to describe the experience of researching a large number of images of the microstructure of objects from zones in correlation with the properties of the object.

Methodology & theoretical orientation: Objects with a wide variation of technological parameters (time, temperature, environment, pressure) were prepared; then the physical properties of the obtained objects and their sorting according to the above groups were studied in detail. Among the objects of each group, electrical conductivity, its anisotropy, thermal surface load, thermo electromotive force and impedance were studied. Then, for each object, a quantitative analysis of the image of the microstructure was carried out.

Findings: The parameters of the 2D zone, namely the ratio of its width to its height, form the prerequisites for the flow of chemical reactions, as a result of which different types of nanostructures, which were named MXenes are formed. In zone 2, ordered double transition metal MXenes are formed, famous for their unique energy-saving and energy-generating properties. The use of the described methodology allowed us to conduct non-destructive quality control for sorting objects by zone. And also produce heating elements with a high thermal surface load (up to 300 W/cm²), thermocouples for high temperatures (up to 2500°Ð¡) and aggressive environments.

Biography:

Nathdanai Harnkarnsujarit is an Associate Professor in Packaging Technology. He got PhD in Food Science in 2012 from Kasetsart University, Thailand. During his PhD, he did research at University College Cork, Ireland in 2011 about Food Material Science. After getting PhD, he went to Tokyo, Japan for post-doctoral research at Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology from 2012-2014. Then, he started his academic career at Kasetsart University. His current research and expertise are food packaging and biodegradable packaging. He is the authors of more than 40 international publications and 3 Book chapters. He serves as reviewer for several publishers including Elsevier and Wiley and has been an Editor for the Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture (Q1), Wiley publishing since 2015. He is now Vice Dean for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University.

Abstract:

Biodegradable polymers have been largely produced and utilized for flexible and rigid packaging which support consumers’ requirement on sustainability and environmentally friendly. However, these sustainable materials have poor barrier properties which are a major limitation for utilization as food packaging. Microbial growth is a primary concern for quality deteriorations of packaged food with high water activity. Decontamination of microorganisms on food surface possibly delays quality loss and ensure safety for consumers. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate incorporations of antimicrobial into biodegradable polymers via extrusion process to produce functional packaging. Characterizations of packaging materials including morphology, properties and antimicrobial efficiency are demonstrated. The biodegradable polymers including Thermo Plastic Starch (TPS), Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate (PBAT) and Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) were compounded with antimicrobial agents (sodium nitrite, Galangal essential oils) via a twin-screw extruder to produce the compound pellets prior to convert into films with either single-screw blown-film extrusion or cast sheet extrusion. Results showed that nitrite increased disruption of starch granules in TPS/PBAT blends which modified morphology and mechanical properties. Smoother microstructures in nitrite incorporated films reflected improved compatibility between TPS and PBAT polymer blends. Moreover, nitrite plasticized TPS phase due to hydrophilicity. Similarly, lesser galangal essential oils served as plasticizers in PBAT/PLA blend matrices with slight modifications of morphology. Increasing these active agents commonly gave larger modification of morphology which subsequently impacted packaging properties. The films containing sodium nitrite and Galangal essential oils effectively delayed microbial growth in fresh meat and cooked rice, respectively. The functionalized of antimicrobial agents into biodegradables polymers effectively produced food packaging which can extend the shelf-life of packaged products, reducing food loss for sustainability.

Biography:

Adiguzel graduated from Department of Physics, Ankara University, Turkey in 1974 and received PhD degree from Dicle University, Diyarbakir-Turkey. He has studied at Surrey University, Guildford, UK, as a post-doctoral research scientist in 1986-1987, and studied were focused on shape memory effect in shape memory alloys. His academic life started following graduation by attending an assistant to Dicle University in January 1975. He became professor in 1996 at Firat University in Turkey, and retired on November 28, 2019, due to the age limit of 67, following academic life of 45 years. He supervised 5 PhD theses and 3 M.Sc-theses and published over 80 papers in international and national journals; He joined over 120 conferences and symposia in international level with contribution. He served the program chair or conference chair/co-chair in some of these activities. Also, he joined in last six years (2014-2019) over 60 conferences as Keynote Speaker and Conference Co-Chair organized by different companies. Additionally, he joined over 70 online conferences in the same way in pandemic period of 2020-2021. He served his directorate of Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Firat University, in 1999-2004. He received a certificate awarded to him and his experimental group in recognition of significant contribution of 2 patterns to the Powder Diffraction File–Release 2000. The ICDD (International Centre for Diffraction Data) also appreciates cooperation of his group and interest in Powder Diffraction File.

Abstract:

Metals and metallic alloys exist different crystal phases at the different temperatures and pressures with crystal structures depending on alloy compositions. Crystal structures of these alloys turn to other structures with variation of temperature and stressing by means of crystallographic transformations. A series of alloy system take place in a class of advanced smart materials with the stimulus response to external effect. Shape memory alloys take place in this class by exhibiting a peculiar property called shape memory effect. This phenomenon is characterized by the recoverability of two certain shapes of material in reversible way at different conditions. These alloys are used as shape memory devices in many fields from medicine, biomedical to the building industry. Shape memory effect is initiated on cooling and deformation and performed thermally in a temperature interval on heating and cooling, with which shape of materials cycles between original and deformed shapes in reversible way. Therefore, this behavior is called thermo elasticity.

This phenomenon is governed by structural transformations thermal, and stress induced martensitic transformations. Thermal induced martensitic transformation occurs on cooling with cooperative movements of atoms by means of lattice invariant shears in <110>-type directions on the {110}-type planes of austenite matrix and ordered parent phase structures turn into the twinned martensite structures, along with lattice twinning. Twinned structures turn into the detwinned martensite structures by means of stress induced martensitic transformation with stressing. Movements of atoms are confined to interatomic distances. Therefore, these transformations have diffusion less character.

These alloys exhibit another property, called super elasticity, which is performed with stressing and releasing in elasticity limit at a constant temperature in parent phase region, and shape recovery is performed instantly and simultaneously upon releasing the applied stress, by exhibiting elastic material behavior. Stress-strain profile is nonlinear in stress-strain diagram, also stressing and releasing paths are different, and hysteresis loops refers to energy dissipation, and these alloys can be used in building industry against seismic events with this property.

Copper based alloys exhibit this property in metastable β-phase region which has bcc-based structures. Lattice invariant shear and twinning is not uniform in these alloys and gives rise to the formation of complex layered structures. These structures can be described by different unit cells as 3R,9R or 18R depending on the stacking sequences.

In the present contribution, X-ray diffraction and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) studies were carried out on copper based CuAlMn and CuZnAl alloys. X-ray diffraction profiles and electron diffraction patterns exhibit super lattice reflections. X-ray diffractograms taken in a long-time interval show that diffraction angles and peak intensities change with aging duration at room temperature. This result refers to the rearrangement of atoms in diffusive manner.

Biography:

Valeria Califano Graduated in Industrial Chemistry at the University of Naples Federico II, She obtained her doctorate in 2005 at the Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents (LPCML) at Claude Bernard Lyon University, France. The PhD thesis focused on the "Structural study of oxide-based glasses for non-linear optics: growth of nanostructures and the effect of an electric field ('poling')." From 2006 to 2009 she worked as a research fellow in the Applied Optics laboratory of the Ettore Pacini Department of Physics, at the Federico II University of Naples. In 2009 she won a scholarship at the then Istituto Motori (CNR), now STEMS, where she became a researcher in 2011. Her research field ranges from the immobilization of enzymes for the production of liquid biofuels, to CO₂ capture by hybrid materials based on mesoporous silica and amines, laser deposition of thin films and formulation, characterization and analysis of the combustion of water/oil emulsions.

Abstract:

Wrinkled Silica Nanoparticles (WSNs) with central-radial pore structure were hydrophobized by chemical vapor deposition of perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (PDTES): surface functionalization was used to design a hydrophobic surface to induce interfacial activation of lipase by lid opening. In fact, lipases are unique often require interfacial activation for full catalytic performance. Actually, since lipids are water insoluble, lipases act on emulsified systems. Upon adsorption at a hydrophobic/hydrophilic interface, lipase undergoes a conformational change from the inactive to the active conformation. This change is promoted by the movement of a helical loop from the ‘closed’ form in which the catalytic site is inaccessible to the ‘open’ active one. To further modulate the closed/open form equilibrium, n-hexane was added to the water/lipase solution, creating a micro-oily environment.

Biography:

Aniello Costantini is Professor of Chemistry since December 2004 in the Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials and Industrial Production at the University of Naples Federico II. He received his Master Science (Laurea) in Engineering with full marks and honours from the University of Naples Federico II. He received his PhD in Materials Engineering from the same University. Until January 2023, he appears as author in more than 111 publications in international high quality peer reviewed journals. His research work has been focused on the synthesis of glasses, ceramics, glass-ceramics and nanostructured hybrids. He is highly skilled in synthesis and functionalization of ceramic nanostructures through sol-gel method. Accurate design of process parameters has been exploited to produce ceramic and hybrid nanostructures, tuning size, shape and surface chemistry to obtain bioactive hybrids and nanocomposites, multifunctional coatings, smart drug delivery carriers, mesoporous silica materials as supports for enzyme immobilization.

Abstract:

The efficiency of cellulose hydrolysis is negatively affected by the low amount of β-glucosidase (BG) contained in fungal cellulase enzyme cocktail. So, we implemented a strategy to physically co-immobilize β-glucosidase and cellulase on Wrinkled Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (WSNs) to enhance glucose production. WSNs are nanoparticles with radial and hierarchical open pore structure, exhibiting smaller (WSN) and larger (WSN-p) inter-wrinkle distance depending on the synthesis strategy. The immobilization was carried out separately on different vectors (WSN for BG and WSN-p for cellulase); simultaneously on the same vector (WSN-p) and sequentially on the same vector (WSN-p) in order to optimize the synergy between cellulase and BG. The obtained results highlighted that simultaneous immobilization of BG and cellulase on the same vector (WSN-p) results in the best biocatalyst. In this case, the adsorption resulted in 20% yield of immobilization, corresponding to an enzyme loading of 100 mg/g of support. 82% yield of reaction and 72 µmol/min∙g activities were obtained, evaluated for the hydrolysis of cellulose extracted from Eriobotrya japonica leaves. All reactions were carried out at a standard temperature of 50°C. The biocatalyst retained 83% of the initial yield of reaction after 9 cycles of reuse. Moreover, it had better stability than the free enzyme mixture in a wide range of temperatures, preserving 72% of the initial yield of reaction up to 90°C.

Biography:

Mustapha Hidouri is a Teacher-Researcher in the field of materials and environment. He received his PhD in Materials Chemistry in 2004. Currently he occupied the post of associate professor at Gabes University, Tunisia. His researches deal with biomaterials and environmental studies. He published more than 25 papers and 2 books and presented more than 30 oral and poster presentations in scientific congresses. His is a reviewer in many impacted journals.

Abstract:

Bioceramics designed to replace failing bone, teeth and dentins have two important properties: biocompatibility and the ability to absorb at a rate comparable to bone growth. Because of its close similarity to the inorganic mineral components of the bone and teeth, calcium phosphate, and particularly hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆OH₂), is the most widely used bioceramics in a variety of biomedical applications, most notably orthopedics and dental repair. Indeed, due to the complexity of the chemistry of bone and dentine, which contain multiple elements, no identical to natural material has been discovered. All existing research has attempted to obtain the most comparable material. Several attempts have been made to introduce as many ions as possible into the structure of the HAp. As a result, magnesium Mg²⁺, strontium Sr²⁺, zinc Zn²⁺, sodium Na⁺, potassium K⁺, carbonates CO₃^2-, fluorures F^-, and chlorine ions Cl^- have been incorporated into the apatite structure. Several techniques (DRX, FTIR, chemistry analysis, G-DTA, RMN 31P, Raman, SEM) were used to verify the purity of the materials and confirm the ions' incorporation into the structure. The materials were pressure-less sintered, and the densification conditions were optimized. The densest materials have also been mechanically characterized. The biological properties of dense bodies have been tested in vitro, and the bioactivity and biocomtability of the materials have been determined. In the final stage, the appropriate materials were tested in vitro for their potential use as implants.

Biography:

Ruba is a PhD student in physics at Ain Shams University in Egypt. She holds a master's degree in physics in water purification using nanotechnology from Al-Azhar University in Gaza, Palestine. She can overcome challenges to accomplish her goals. She sought to fund this research to be able to complete it. Indeed, she obtained funding from UNDP Palestinians to complete her master's thesis.

Abstract:

Methylene Blue (MB) plays a significant part in the textile, paper, leather and dyeing sectors. However, it causes serious harm to the health of people, animals and plants, thus it is necessary to remove Methylene Blue (MB) dye from dye company wastewater in order to strike a balance between environmental pollution and industry output. The photo degradation process is among the most efficient ways to eliminate more than 90% of Methylene Blue (MB). The high surface area of nanomaterials, however, not only allows for strong dye adsorption on their surfaces, but also for photo catalysis for photo degradation, which adds further value to the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) dye from the wastewater produced by the dye industry. The lack of clean water is one of the problems the world is now facing, hence water purification is essential. In this study, melamine foam decorated by rGO/ZnO nanoparticles has been synthesized and characterized by Raman, SEM, TEM, XRD and UV. XRD and Raman illustrate their synthesis of them. SEM and TEM images achieved the synthesis of rGO nanosheet, ZnO nanoparticles and melamine foam decorated by rGO/ZnO nanoparticles with homogenous distribution without any agglomeration, Photo degradation studies under different conditions of initial dye concentration, irradiation time, pH of the dye solution, catalyst dosage and radiation energy. Photo degradation studies illustrate an increased removal percent of Methylene Blue (MB) by increasing photo catalyst and PH toward alkaline and radiation energy. Melamine foam decorated by rGO/ZnO nanoparticles is the best photo catalyst for Methylene Blue (MB) degradation at pH 11 and a catalyst dosage of 0.0125 mg.